JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:1 SESS:8 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 CorruptionandConflictsofInterest ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:11/12 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:2 SESS:8 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 STUDIESINCOMPARATIVELAWANDLEGALCULTURE SeriesEditor:VernonValentinePalmer,TulaneUniversity,USA Intoday’sshrinkingworldit’simportanttoextendourhorizonsandincreaseour knowledge of other people’s laws. This series publishes in-depth volumes covering various aspects of private and public law in diverse legal traditions. Additionally, it seeks to encourage improved techniques and methods of comparative legal research, including the use of interdisciplinary studies. Individualvolumesmaydealwiththelawandculturenotmerelyofwell-known andfrequentlystudiedcountries,butalsowithlesser-known,mixed,religious, andpluralsystemsoftheworld.Thefocusrangesfromimportantaspectsoflegal history,culture,andinstitutionstolocalexperienceandevolvinglegaltrends. Titlesintheseriesinclude: OrderfromTransfer ComparativeConstitutionalDesignandLegalCulture EditedbyGünterFrankenberg CorruptionandConflictsofInterest AComparativeLawApproach EditedbyJean-BernardAuby,EmmanuelBreenandThomasPerroud ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:11/12 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:3 SESS:8 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 Corruption and Conflicts of Interest A Comparative Law Approach Editedby Jean-BernardAuby SciencesPo,France EmmanuelBreen ParisSorbonneUniversity,France ThomasPerroud ParisEstUniversityandSciencesPo,France STUDIESINCOMPARATIVELAWANDLEGALCULTURE EdwardElgar Cheltenham,UK+Northampton,MA,USA ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:11/12 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:4 SESS:8 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 ©TheEditorsandContributorsSeverally2014 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedina retrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical orphotocopying,recording,orotherwisewithoutthepriorpermissionofthe publisher. Publishedby EdwardElgarPublishingLimited TheLypiatts 15LansdownRoad Cheltenham GlosGL502JA UK EdwardElgarPublishing,Inc. WilliamPrattHouse 9DeweyCourt Northampton Massachusetts01060 USA Acataloguerecordforthisbook isavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013951844 ThisbookisavailableelectronicallyintheElgarOnline.comLawSubject Collection,E-ISBN9781781009352 ISBN9781781009345 TypesetbyColumnsDesignXMLLtd,Reading PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyT.J.InternationalLtd,Padstow 2 0 ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:11/12 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:5 SESS:12 OUTPUT:FriJan2415:16:052014 Contents Listofcontributors vii Introduction xiv Jean-BernardAuby,EmmanuelBreenandThomasPerroud PARTI CONFLICTSOFINTERESTANDCORRUPTION: AFINELINE? 1. Corruptionandconflictsofinterest 3 SusanRose-Ackerman PARTII COMPARATIVESTUDIESONCORRUPTIONAND CONFLICTSOFINTERESTFROMAPROCEDURAL PERSPECTIVE 2. Regulatoryauthoritiesandconflictsofinterest 15 HubertDelzangles 3. Theconflictsofinterestsofpublicofficers:Rules,checksand penalties 30 BernardoGiorgioMattarella 4. ProtectingtheintegrityoftheU.S.federalprocurementsystem: Conflictofinterestrulesandaspectsofthesystemthathelp reducecorruption 39 DanielI.Gordon 5. Corruptionandconflictsofinterest:Futureprospectsonlobbying 53 GrégoryHouillon 6. Condemningcorruptionandtoleratingconflictsofinterest: French‘arrangements’regardingbreachesofintegrity 67 PierreLascoumes 7. IntegrityinEnglishandFrenchpubliccontracts:Changing administrativecultures? 85 YseultMarique 8. Policyconsiderationswhendraftingconflictofinterest legislation 113 RichardE.Messick v ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:24/1 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:6 SESS:11 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 vi Corruptionandconflictsof interest 9. Conflictofinterestsofgovernmentmembersandtherisk ofcorruption:Anassessmentofpre-revolutionaryTunisia andEgypt 124 CarolynMoser 10. Is(French)continentallawefficientatfightingconflictsof interests? 139 TimothéeParis 11. CorruptionandconflictsofinterestsintheUnitedKingdom 150 CecilyRose 12. Thelegalregulationsforthepreventionofcorruptionofcivil servantsinTurkeyandtheCouncilofEthicsforPublicService 167 ÇaglaTansug PARTIII INTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONSANDTHE FIGHTAGAINSTCORRUPTIONANDCONFLICTS OFINTEREST 13. Corruption,conflictsofinterestsandtheWTO 183 SusanArielAaronsonandM.RodwanAbouharb 14. ‘Globalintegrity’:Nationaladministrationsversusglobal regimes 198 ElisaD’Alterio 15. HowMultilateralDevelopmentBanksinvestcorruptionintheir fundedprojects 215 MariangelaBenedetti 16. IntroductiontotheWorldBank’spoliciesinthefightagainst corruptionandconflictsofinterestsinpubliccontracts 236 LaurenceFolliot-Lalliot PARTIV EUROPEANADMINISTRATIVELAWANDTHE FIGHTAGAINSTCORRUPTIONANDCONFLICTS OFINTEREST 17. MismanagementbyEuropeanAgencies:Concerns,institutional responses,andlessons 253 EdoardoChiti 18. Footprintsinthesand:RegulatingconflictofinterestatEUlevel 272 SimoneWhite 19. OLAF:Theanti-corruptionpolicywithintheEuropeanUnion 288 PatrycjaSzarek-Mason Index 303 ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:23/1 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:7 SESS:10 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 Contributors Susan Ariel Aaronson (Ph.D. Johns Hopkins) is Associate Research Professor at the George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs and the Minerva Chair at the National War College in Washington DC. She does research on trade and human rights, trade and Internet issues, business and human rights, corruption and good governance. With funding from the Ford and MacArthur Foundations, she examined how the U.S., EU, and Canada use trade agreements to govern the Internet and to advance Internet freedom. She is the author of six books and numerous articles on globalization issues. M. Rodwan Abouharb, Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor) Inter- national Relations, Director M.Sc. in Global Governance and Ethics, University College London (B.Sc. Brunel University, M.A. University at Buffalo, Ph.D. Binghamton University). His research examines how domestic economic and political change, international economic integra- tion and the types of international governance regimes affect the like- lihood of civil war, human rights repression, or the promotion of economic development. He examines these issues through quantitative empirical analyses. Jean-Bernard Auby, Professor of Public Law, Sciences Po Paris; Director of Mutations de l’Action Publique et du Droit Public (‘Changes in Governance and Public Law’); Chair and fomer Deputy Director of the Oxford Institute of European and Comparative Law, member of the advisory boards of: ‘European Public Law’ (Wolters Kluwers), the ‘Review of European Administrative Law’ (Europa Law Publishing), the ‘International and Comparative Law Quarterly’ (British Institute of International and Comparative Law), the ‘European Review of Public Law’ (Esperia Publications), the ‘Italian Journal of Public Law’, the ‘Rivista Italiana per le Scienze Giuridiche’ (Jovene Editore), the ‘Inter- national Journal of Public Sector Management’ (Edward Elgar Publish- ing) and the ‘Rivista Trimestrale di Diritto Pubblico’(Giuffrè). His main publications are: Tortious Liability of Statutory Bodies. A Comparative and Economic Analysis of Five English Cases (with B.S. vii ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:21/1 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:8 SESS:10 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 viii Corruptionandconflictsof interest Markesinis, D. Coester-Waltjen and S.F. Deakin), Oxford, Hart Publish- ing, 1999; The Public Law/Private Law Divide: Une entente assez cordiale? (edited by Mark Freedland and Jean-Bernard Auby), Hart Publishing,2006;Droitdel’urbanismeetlaconstruction(Montchrestien, 8th edition, 2008); Droit des collectivités locales (PUF, 4th edition, 2008); Droit de la fonction publique (Dalloz, 5th edition, 2009); Droit administratif des biens (Dalloz, 5th edition, 2007); La globalisation, le droit et l’Etat (Montchrestien, 2nd edition, 2010 – Spanish translation, 2013); La décentralisation et le droit (Librairie Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 2006); Droit de la Ville. Du fonctionnement juridique des villes au droit à la Ville (Lexis Nexis, 2013). Mariangela Benedetti (Ph.D., University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’ in Administrative Law) is Adjunct Professor of Public and Administrative LawattheUniversityofLaTuscia.From2009to2010shewasResearch Fellow in Administrative Law and she won a four months’ merit-based scholarship to conduct research studies within the Houser Global Law School Program of New York University. In 2007 she obtained the Diploma of the Academy of European Public Law having completed a dissertation on ‘Necessary Test on the General Agreement of Trade in Services’. She is member of the ‘Observatory of regulatory impact analysis’and of the ‘Istituto per le ricerche sulle pubbliche amministrazioni’(Irpa). She is currently contributing to the Quarterly Magazine of Public Law, the European Review of Public Law and the Journal of Administrative Law, working on the ‘Rassegna dei provvedimenti ministeriali’. She works in the ‘Administrative burdens measurement and reduction project’ within the Office for Administrative Simplification of the Department of Public Administration. Emmanuel Breen, a French and US Paris based lawyer, teaches at University Paris-Sorbonne, where he is an associate professor, and at Sciences Po Paris. Over the last 15 years, he has published extensively and provided advice to both corporations and governments on how to reconcile compliance and performance, in a variety of complex and international matters such as public–private partnerships, legislative reforms in the energy sector, judicial performance indicators or anti- corruption corporate compliance programs. Edoardo Chiti (LL.M. University College London, Ph.D., European University Institute) is Professor ofAdministrative Law in the University of La Tuscia, Italy. His principal research interests cover administrative law beyond the State, both EU and global, as well as comparative ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:21/1 JOBNAME:Auby PAGE:9 SESS:10 OUTPUT:FriJan2411:12:582014 Contributors ix administrative law. Edoardo Chiti’s principal publications include Le agenzie europee. Unità e decentramento nelle amministrazioni comuni- tarie, Padova, Cedam, 2002; L’integrazione amministrativa europea, with C. Franchini, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2003; L’amministrazione militare, Milano, Giuffrè, 2007; The Administrative Law of the Roman Catholic Church. A Comparative Inquiry, New York University School of Law, Jean Monnet Working Paper 12/2010, as well as a number of edited volumes, including Global Administrative Law and EU Administrative Law, with Bernardo Giorgio Mattarella, Berlin and Heidelberg, Springer, 2011. Elisa D’Alterio is Tenured Assistant Professor of Administrative Law at the Faculty of Law, University of Catania. She is currently serving as Law Clerk to Justice Professor Sabino Cassese at the Constitutional Court of Italy. She was Counsellor for Legal Affairs of the Italian Minister for Public Administration and Simplification. She is the author of a book entitled The Regulatory Function of Courts in the Global Administrative Space, as well as of articles, in particular, in the fields of transparency, accountability and integrity of the public sector, outsourc- ing of public activities, penitentiary system, and quality of public services. HubertDelzanglesisLawProfessoratSciencesPoBordeauxUniversity where he teaches French and European public law. He specializes in European and comparative law and focuses on the economic regulation of public utilities, services of general interest, competition and public contracts law. He wrote his thesis on ‘The independence of national regulatory authorities, electronic communications, energy and postal services’. He is now focusing his researches on environmental law, particularly on the environmental aspects of energy regulation. Laurence Folliot-Lalliot, a French Professor of Public Law, worked for the World Bank from September 2009 to June 2012, on special leave from her university, Paris Ouest Nanterre, where she now teaches classes on international and comparative procurement law. Last July the EU Commission appointed her as an Expert for the Stakeholder Group on EU procurement reform. Before this, she had been an Expert with the French delegation at the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), at the Working Group on the ‘Legislative Guide on Privately Financed Infrastructure Projects’.At the World Bank, as Senior Legal Counsel with the Legal Procurement Group and as Consultant for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region, she ColumnsDesignXMLLtd / Job:Auby_Corruption_and_Conflicts_of_interest / Division:00_Prelims /Pg.Position:3/ Date:21/1