Eva Kühn Rosario Pugliese (Eds.) 9 5 Coordination Models 4 8 S C and Languages N L 16th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, COORDINATION 2014 Held as Part of the 9th International Federated Conference on Distributed Computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2014 Berlin, Germany, June 3–5, 2014, Proceedings 123 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8459 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany Eva Kühn Rosario Pugliese (Eds.) Coordination Models and Languages 16th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, COORDINATION 2014 HeldasPartofthe9thInternationalFederatedConference on Distributed Computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2014 Berlin, Germany, June 3-5, 2014 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors EvaKühn ViennaUniversityofTechnology InstituteofComputerLanguages Argentinierstr.8,1040Vienna,Austria E-mail:[email protected] RosarioPugliese UniversityofFlorence Dept.ofStatistics,Informatics,Applications VialeG.B.Morgagni,65,50134Florence,Italy E-mail:rosario.pugliese@unifi.it ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349 ISBN978-3-662-43375-1 e-ISBN978-3-662-43376-8 DOI10.1007/978-3-662-43376-8 SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014938482 LNCSSublibrary:SL2–ProgrammingandSoftwareEngineering ©InternationalFederationforInformationProcessing2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection withreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredand executedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthePublisher’slocation, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Permissionsforuse maybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violationsareliabletoprosecution undertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication, neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityforanyerrorsor omissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothe materialcontainedherein. Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Foreword In 2014, the 9th International Federated Conference on Distributed Comput- ing Techniques (DisCoTec) took place in Berlin, Germany, during June 3–5. It was hosted and organized by the Technische Universit¨at Berlin. The DisCoTec series, one of the major events sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), included three conferences: – COORDINATION2014,the16thIFIPWG6.1InternationalConferenceon Coordination Models and Languages – DAIS 2014, the 14th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems – FORTE 2014, the 34th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Formal Techniques for Distributed Objects, Components and Systems Together,these conferencescoverthe complete spectrumofdistributedcom- puting subjects ranging from theoretical foundations over formal specification techniques to systems researchissues. Eachday of the federated event began with a plenary speaker nominated by one of the conferences. The three invited speakers were: – Frank Leymann (University of Stuttgart, Germany) – Maarten van Steen (VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands) – Joachim Parrow (Uppsala University, Sweden) There were also three satellite events, taking place during June 6–7: 1. The5thInternationalWorkshoponInteractions Between Computer Science and Biology (CS2BIO) with keynote lectures by Marco Pettini (Universit´e de la Mediterran´ee, France) and Vincent Danos (University of Edinburgh, UK) and a tutorial by Jeffrey Johnson (Open University, UK) 2. The 7th Workshop on Interaction and Concurrency Experience (ICE) with keynote lectures by Kim Larsen (Aalborg University, Denmark) and Pavol Cerny (University of Colorado at Boulder, USA) 3. The First International Workshop on Meta Models for Process Languages (MeMo)withkeynotelecturesbyJoachimParrow(UppsalaUniversity,Swe- den) and Marino Miculan (Universit`a degli Studi di Udine, Italy) This program was an interesting and stimulating event for the participants. SincerethanksgothechairsandmembersoftheProgramCommitteesofthein- volved conferences and workshops for their highly appreciated effort. Moreover, organizingDisCoTec2014wasonlypossiblethankstothededicatedworkofthe Organizing Committee from TU Berlin, including Margit Russ, Kirstin Peters VI Foreword (alsopublicityandworkshopchair),andChristophWagner.Finally,manythanks gotoIFIP WG6.1forprovidingthe umbrellaforthis event, toEATCSandTU Berlin for their support and sponsorship, and to EasyChair for providing the refereeing infrastructure. June 2014 Uwe Nestmann Preface This volumecontainsthe paperspresentedatCOORDINATION2014:the 16th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Coordination Models and Languages held during June 3–4, 2014, in Berlin. The conference is the premier forum for publishing research results and experience reports on software technologies for collaborationandcoordinationinconcurrent,distributed,andcomplexsystems. Its distinctive feature is the emphasis on high-level abstractions that capture interaction patterns manifest at all levels of the software architecture and ex- tending into the realm of the end-user domain. COORDINATION 2014 called for high-quality contributions on the usage, study, design, and implementation oflanguages,models,andtechniquesforcoordinationindistributed,concurrent, pervasive, and multicore software systems. The Program Committee (PC) of COORDINATION 2014 consisted of 26 top researchers from 12 different countries. We received 37 abstracts that ma- terialized in a total of 31 submissions out of which the PC selected 12 papers for inclusion in the program. All submissions were reviewed by three to four independent referees; papers were selected based on their quality, originality, contribution,clarityofpresentation,andrelevancetotheconferencetopics.The review process included an in-depth discussion phase, during which the merits of all papers were discussed by the PC. The process culminated in a shepherd- ing phase whereby some of the authorsreceivedactiveguidance by one member of the PC in order to produce a high-quality final version. The selected papers constitutedaprogramcoveringavariedrangeoftheconferencetopics:program- ming abstractions and languages, coordination models and paradigms, applied software engineering principles, specification and verification, foundations and types, distributed middleware architectures, multicore programming, collabo- rative adaptive systems, and coordination related use cases. The program was further enhanced by an invited talk by Frank Leymann from the University of Stuttgart (Germany) entitled “Orchestrating Management Behavior of Cloud Applications.” The success of COORDINATION 2014 was due to the dedication of many people. We thank the authors for submitting high-quality papers and the PC and their sub-reviewers for their careful reviews and lively discussions during the final selection process. We thank the providers of the EasyChair conference managementsystem, which was used to run the review process and to facilitate thepreparationoftheproceedings.Finally,wethanktheDistributedComputing Techniques Organizing Committee from TU Berlin, led by Uwe Nestmann, for its contribution in making the logistical aspects of COORDINATION 2014 a success. June 2014 Eva Ku¨hn Rosario Pugliese Organization Steering Committee Farhad Arbab (Chair) CWI and Leiden University, The Netherlands Gul Agha University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA Dave Clarke Uppsala University, Sweden Wolfgang De Meuter Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium Rocco De Nicola IMT - Institute for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy Jean-Marie Jacquet University of Namur, Belgium Christine Julien University of Texas at Austin, USA Marjan Sirjani Reykjavik University, Iceland Carolyn Talcott SRI International, USA Vasco T. Vasconcelos University of Lisbon, Portugal Gianluigi Zavattaro University of Bologna, Italy Program Committee Marco Aldinucci University of Turin, Italy Farhad Arbab CWI and Leiden University, The Netherlands Luis Caires Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal Wolfgang De Meuter Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium Rocco De Nicola IMT - Institute for Advanced Studies, Italy Schahram Dustdar Vienna University of Technology, Austria Gianluigi Ferrari University of Pisa, Italy Jos´e Luiz Fiadeiro Royal Holloway, University of London, UK Val´erie Issarny Inria, France Jean-Marie Jacquet University of Namur, Belgium Christine Julien University of Texas at Austin, USA Rania Khalaf IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, USA Eva Ku¨hn (Chair) Vienna University of Technology, Austria Michele Loreti University of Florence, Italy Hanne Riis Nielson Technical University of Denmark, Denmark Andrea Omicini University of Bologna, Italy Kirstin Peters Technische Universit¨at Berlin, Germany Paolo Petta Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Austria Anna Philippou University of Cyprus, Cyprus Rosario Pugliese (Chair) University of Florence, Italy X Organization Marjan Sirjani Reykjavik University, Iceland Carolyn Talcott SRI International, USA Emilio Tuosto University of Leicester, UK Herbert Wiklicky Imperial College London, UK Martin Wirsing Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit¨atMu¨nchen, Germany Gianluigi Zavattaro University of Bologna, Italy Additional Reviewers Basile, Davide Kouzapas, Dimitrios Bernardo, Marco Lange, Julien Bettini, Lorenzo Lienhardt, Michael Boix, Elisa Gonzalez Marek, Alexander Bono, Viviana Mariani, Stefano Canciani, Andrea Melgratti, Hernan Cardozo, Nicolas Mezzetti, Gianluca Cejka, Stephan Nigam, Vivek Ciancia, Vincenzo Oostvogels, Nathalie Craß, Stefan Peretti Pezzi, Guilherme Dalla Preda, Mila Petrocchi, Marinella Damiani, Ferruccio Philips, Eline Dardha, Ornela Ravara, Antonio Dinges, Peter Sabouri, Hamideh Ferreira, Carla Sammartino, Matteo Galletta, Letterio Scholliers, Christophe Garrett, Deon Schwayer, Matthias Giallorenzo, Saverio Seco, Joa˜o Costa Jafari, Ali Tiezzi, Francesco Jaghoori, Mohammad Mahdi Tinacci, Marco Kilpatrick, Peter Vandin, Andrea Invited Talk Orchestrating Management Behavior of Cloud Applications Frank Leymann Instituteof Architecture of Application Systems(IAAS) University of Stuttgart, Germany [email protected] Ensuringquality ofservices of applicationsin the cloudis a major concern. Ap- plications that should benefit from the desirable properties of the cloud must follow certain architectural principles. The most fundamental of such principles havebeendescribedaspatternsthatwewillmotivate.Inparticular,theIDEAL principlerecommendingIsolatedstate,Distribution,Elasticity,Automatedman- agement, and Loose coupling for a cloud application is described. Just turning an application into a virtual image and running it in the cloud doesnotmakeappropriateuse ofcloudproperties.Forexample,scalabilitycan- not be ensured without introducing redundant componentry that often comes with unexpected high cost and consistency problems. Thus, an application that should adequately run in the cloud must consist of a collection of more fine- grained components. To allow the cloud environment to perform management actionsonit, specific relationsbetweenthe formercomponentsmustbe defined. Together, the topology of the application must be specified. The topology of a (not too complex) application allows for automatically deriving the basic management behavior of the application, e.g., how it is pro- visionedanddecommissioned.Morecomplexmanagementbehaviorrequiresthe specification of plans, i.e., workflows that define how to perform management actionsintermsofthetopologyoftheto-be-managedapplication.Prosandcons of the former (declarative) approach and the latter (imperative) approach are discussed. A language (called TOSCA - Topology and Orchestration Specification for CloudApplications)todefinethetopologyandassociatedplansofanapplication hasbeenstandardized.Thislanguageissketched.Anarchitectureofanenviron- ment supporting this language is outlined and an open source implementation of a such an environment (called OpenTOSCA) is briefly introduced.