CONTRIBUTIONS· ON TIBETAN LANGUAGE, HISTORY AND CULTURE EDITED BY ERNST STEINKELLNER AND HELMUT TAUSCHER PROCEEDINGS OF THE CSOMA DE KaROS SYMPOSIUM HELD AT VELM-VIENNA, AUSTRIA, 13-19 SEPTEMBER 1981 VOL. 1 MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED. DELHI First Indian Edition: Delhi, 1995 © ARBEITSKREIS FURTIBETISCHE UND BUDDHISTISCHE STUDIEN UNIVERSITAT WIEN, 1983 All Rights Reserved ISBN: 81-208-1040-6 (VoLl) ISBN: 81-208-1039-2 (Set) Also available at: MOTILAL BANARSIDASS 41 U.A., Bungalow Road, Jawahar Nagar, Delhi 110 007 120 Royapettah High Road, Mylapore, Madras 600 004 16 SI. Mark's Road, Bangalore 560 001 Ashok Rajpalh, Palna 800 004 Chowk, Varanasi 221 001 PRINTED IN INDIA BY JAINENDRA PRAKASH JAIN AT SHRI JAINENDRA PRESS, A-45 NARAINA, PHASE I, NEW DELHI 110 028 AND PUBLISHED BY NARENDRA PRAKASH JAIN FOR MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED, BUNGALOW ROAD, DELHI 110007 v CON TEN T S Vol.l Account IX Preface XVII C.r.Beckwith, The revolt of 755 in Tibet • 1 F.A.Bischoff, Die Wu T'ai Shan Darstellung von l846 17 G.E.Clarke, ~he Great and Little Traditions in the study of Yolmo, Nepal 21 E. Csetri·, K~rosi Csoma Sandor's training for oriental studies in Transylvania . . . . . 39 H.Eimer, Die Auffindung des bKa' chems ka khol mao Quellen- kritische Uberlegungen . . . . . . . . . . . . • • 4·5 H.Eimer, Einige Ergebnisse der Kanjurforschung im Uberblick 53 R.E.Emmerick, Some lexical items ·from the Siddhasara 61 E.Finckh, Tibetische Heilkunde. 1m Westen anwendbar? 69 M.Helffer, Les instruments de musique lies a la pratique des tantra, d'apres un texte de Kun grol grags pa, 'Ja'· mtshon snih po ... D ~ 83 G.Kara, On Grum-Grzimajlo's sEra nag glossary 109 J.Karsten, A note on ya sor and the secular festivals following the sMon lam chen mo ......•....•... 117 P.Klafkowski, Towards the complete history of the Tibetan Bible - the Lord's Prayer in different translations 151 P.Klafkowski, " ... but they don't have any literature!" Or a few words on the Rong (Lepcha) heritage 163 Fang Kuei Li~ Notes on sTag sgra Klu khong ... 175 R.A.Miller, Thon mi Sambhota and his grammatical treatises reconsidered . . .. ..... . 183 Ngawangthondup Narkyid, The origin of the Tibetan script 207 Thubten J.Norbu, Gungthangpa's text in colloquial Amdowa 221 A.R6na-Tas, Linguistic notes on an Amdowa text .. 243 J •. L. panglung, Die Uberreste des Klosters Nar rna in Ladakh 281 A.Pinsker S.J., Mitteilungen des Jesuiten Johann Grueber tiber Tibet .. ..... . 289 D.Schuh, Zum EntstehungsprozeB von Urkunden in den tibetischen Herrscherkanzleien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 B.Shefts Chang and Kun Chang, Tense and aspect in spoken Tibetan 329 VI E.Sperling, Did the early Ming emperors attempt to implement a "divide and rule" policy in Tibet? . 339 H.Stang, The naming of Cinggis: the new-old view. 357 J.Szerb, A note on the Tibetan-Uigur treaty·of 822/823 A.D. 375 H.Uebach, Reisebegleitschreiben der Panchen Lamas fUr Geistliche .aus Ladakh . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Tibet's connections with Nestorianism and Manicheism in the 8th_10th centuries ........... . 399 Wang Yao, Fragments from historical records about the life of Emperor Gongdi of the Song Dynasty . . . 431 wang Yao, A study on the ancient pronunciations of the word mig in Tibetan - currently on the occurrence and the development of the tones in Tibetan . . . . • . 449 plates Vol.2: Contributions on Tibetan and Buddhist Religion and Philosophy Preface . . • . IX Achok Rimpoche, The importance of love and compassion in Buddhism • 1 M.Broido, bshad thabs: some Tibetan methods of explaining the tantras . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 E. De Rossi-Fil·ibeck, The transmission lineage of ahe geod teaching according to the 2n Dalai Lama 47 S.Dietz, The author of the Suh~llekha 59 M.Kalff, rGyal tshab rje's interpretation of the Astinasti- vyatikrama in Nagarjuna's Ra~navalI ~ ••.• 73 S. G. Karmay, Un temoig,nage sur Ie Bon face au Bouddhisme a l'epoque des rois tibetains ..... 89 N-.Katz, Tibetan hermeneutics and the yana controversy 107 L.S.Kawamura, The Ak~ayamatinirdesasutra and Mi pham's mKhas I jug . 0 • • ~ ••• 131 Ch.Lindtner, Nagarjuna's Vyavaharasiddhi 147 K.Mimaki, The Blo gsal grub mtha', and the Madhyamika classific.;Ition in Tibetan grub mtha' literature 161 O.H.Pind, Emptiness - towards a semiotic determination of emptiness in Madhyamika discourse 169 D.Seyfort Ruegg, On the thesis and assertion in the Madhyamaka / dBu rna 205 M.Sato, Die Madhyamaka-Philosophie der Sa skya pa-Schule - Red mda' ba gzon nu blo gros . . .... 243 VII L.Schmithausen, The Darsanamarga section of the Abhidharma samuccaya and its interpretation by Tibetan commentators (with special reference to Bu ston Rin chen grub) 259 E.Steinkellner, Tshad ma'i skyes bu. Meaning and historical significance of the term 275 J.Takasaki, On the Myan 'das . 285 H.Tauscher, Some problems of textual history in connection with the Tibetan translations of the Madhyamakivatira~ and its commentary . 293 T.Tillemans, The "neither one nor many'i argument for §~nyat~, and its Tibetan interpretations ' 305 P.M.Williams, On rang rig 321 IXI ACCOUNT OF. THE CSOMA DE K5ROS SYMPOSIUM VELM - VIENNA The Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies of the University of Vienna organized an international conference of Tibetan, Central Asian and Buddhist Studies as -"Csoma de Kilros Symposium" in Velm, near Vienna, between September 13 and 19, 1981. The patronage was taken by the Aus trian Minister of Science and Research, Dr.Hertha Firnberg. 58 scholars from Canada, PR of China, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Eng land, France, GFR, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Switzerland, USA and Austria participated in the meeting as full members. The Symposium received messages of support from L.Ligeti (Budapest), R.A.Stein (Paris), W.Heissig (Bonn), T.V.Wylie (Seattle, C.Vogel (Bonn), M.Aris (Oxford), M.Hahn (Bo~n), K.Sagaster (Bonn), J.Imaeda (Thimphu), R.A.Thurman (Amherst). The Organizing Committee consisted of: E.Steinkellner, H.Tauscher, T.Much. Program 13 September, Sunday Addresses of Welcome 14 September, Monday -Morning session. Chair: P.Kv~rne R.A.Miller (Seattle): The dating and authorship of the first two grammatical treatises reconsidered R.H.Polmeijer (Amsterdam): Syllabism in Early Tibetan R.E.Emmerick (Hamburg): Some lexical items from the Siddhasara A.Rona-Tas (Szeged): Studies in spoken Tibetan I. Comments on an Amdowa-text B.Shefts Chang - Kun Chang (Berkely): Tense and aspect in spo ken Tibetan G.Kara (Budapest): Grum-Grzimajlo's sBra nag glossary' Afternoon session. Chair: G.Uray Ngawangthondup Narkyid (Cleveland): The origin and development of the present Tibetan writing system A.Pinsker SJ (Vienna); Mitteilungen des P. Johann Grueber Uber Tibet J.Kolmas (Prague): Ferdinand Stoliczka (1838-1874). The life and work of the Czech explorer in India and High Asia C.J.Beckwith (Bloomington): The revolt of 755 in Tibet Fang-Kuei Li (Honolulu): Notes on sTag sgra Klu khong Evening Reception given by the Presidency of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Participants received by Prof. Dr.Manfred Mayrhofer, Secretary of the phil. -hist. Klasse 15 September, Tuesday Morning session. Chair: L.Petech Wang Yao (peking): Lha btsun Chos kyi rin chen, ex-emperor of the Southern Sung dynasty, as a monk in Sa skya J.Szerb (Budapest): Glosses on the reuvre of bla rna 'Phags pa E.Sperling (Bloomington): Did the early Ming emperors attempt to implement a "divide and rule" policy in Tibet? F.Bischoff (Bloomington): Die Wu-T'ai-shan Darstellung von 1846 D. Schuh (Bonn): tiber die E'ntstehung von Urkunden in der tibe tischen Herrscherkanzlei H.Uebach (MUnchen): Reisebegleitschreiben der Panchen Lamas fUr Geistliche aus Ladakh Afternoon session. Chair: R.A.Miller Vijay Kranti (Delhi): Tibetan refugee community in India P.Kv~rne (Oslo): Preliminary report on the study of some Bon pc . thankas G.Uray (Budapest): Zu den Spuren des Manichaismus und des Ne storianismus im alten Tibet, 8.-10.Jahrhundert (Vor laufige Bemerkungen) S.G.Karmay (Paris): Bon mentioned as a belief in an unnoticed Tun-huang manuscript E.De Rossi-Filibeck (Rome): The transmission lineage of the geod teaching according to dGe 'dun rgya mts'o, the 2nd Dalai Lama L.S.Kawamura (Calgary): Mi pham's mKhas 'jug and the Ak?aya matinirdesasutra Evening H.Harrer (Kitzbtihel): Latest films 16 September, Wednesday Morning session. Chair: L.Schmithausen Ch.Lindtner (Copenhagen): Nagarjuna's Vyavaharasiddhi O.H.Pind (Xrhus): Emptiness - towards a semiological determina tion of emptiness in Madhyamika discourse N.Katz (Williamstown): Tibetan hermeneutics and the yana con troversy D.Seyfort Ruegg (London): Does the Madhyamika maintain a the sis? - A Tibetan discussion of a controversial point T.Tillemans (Lausanne): The "neither one nor many" argument for sunyata and its Tibetan interpretation M.Kalff (Zollikon): Some thoughts on rGyal tshab rje'~ inter pretation of Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka philosophy in his commentary to the Ratnava1I Free Afternoon 17 September, Thursday Morning session. Chair: D.Seyfort Ruegg K.Mimaki (Kyoto): The B10 gsa1 grub mtha' and the Madhyamika classification in the grub mtha' literature B.Banerjee (Santiniketan): The concept of bodhicitta L.Schmithausen ('Hamburg): On the darsanamarga of the Abhidharma samuccaya in the interpretation of Tibetan commentators M.Sato (Morioka): Die Madhyamaka-Philosophie in der Sa skya pa Schule Afternoon session. Chair: J.Takasaki P.W.Williams (Bristol): On ran rig R.Kaschewsky (Bonn): Gibt es eine lamaistische "scholastische Methode"? E.Steinkellner (Vienna): tshad ma'i skyes bu M.M.Broido (Oxford): bsad thabs: Some Tibetan theories ~f tant ric exegesis Achok Rimpoche (Vienna): The importance of love and compassion in Buddhism Evening. Chair: H.Eimer Vijai Kranti (Delhi): Tibetans in India (slide-show) C.Clarke (oxford): Slides illustrating his paper Chair: D.S.Ruegg Madhyamaka - discussions and information 18 September, Friday Morning session. Chair: G.Kara S.Dietz: (Goettingen): The author of the suh~llekha (b§es p~'i phrin yig) H.Tauscher (Vienna): Some problems of textual history in con nection with the Tibetan translations of the Madhyama kavatarao and its commentary G.Bethlenfalvy (Budapest): Notes on the Kanjur J.Takasaki (Tokyo): On the Myan 'das Eimer (Bonn): Die Auffindung des bKa' chems ka khol rna. Quellenkritische Uberlegungen P.Klafkowski (Posnania): Studies in the Tibetan and Himalayan Bible translations Afternoon session. Chair: D.Schuh J.L,Panglung (MUnchen): Die Uberreste des Kloster Nax rna in Ladakh M.Helffer (Paris): Remarques sur lesinstruments de musique lies a la pratique du Vehicule des Tantra, d'apres un texte bon po de • ,Ja mtshon si'iiil po G.Clarke (Oxford): The Great and Little Tradition in Yolmo, Nepal Plenary session Evening: Short communications. Chair: M.Helffer P.Klafkowski (Posnania): Once again about the Tashe Thing Tale B.C.Olschak (ZUrich): Early Himalayan immigration H.Stang (Oslo): The naming of Cinggis Khan - A new-old view (presented by P.Kv~rne) D.Schuh (Bonn): Possibilities of tibetological research in China H.Eimer (Bonn): Some results of recent Kanjur-research 19 September, Saturday Morning session. Chair: R.E.Emmerick G,Somlai (Budapest): A medical chart XIII K.Uray-K6halmi und G.Uray (Budapest): Bemerkungen zu den Ge sar-Illuminationen der Sammlung Armin Schwaninger J.Karsten (Bonn): The ya sor officials and the secular festi vals following the sMon lam chen mo Closing session Plenary Session 1) G.Kara, Head of the Oriental Department of the Eotvos Lorand Univer sity, Budapest, presented the following invitation: On behalf of the Csoma de K~ros Soc~ety and of the Chair of Inner Asian Studies of the EotVDS Lorand University, Budapest, I have the hon our to invite the Csoma de Karas Symposium to be held next in Budapest in September of 1984, the year of the bicentennial anniversary of Alex ander Csoma de Karas's birth. I hope this invitation will be accepted by the members of the 3Id Csoma de Karas Symposium, and the noble tradition of our learned and learning meetings of Tibetan and central Asian Stud ies will successfully be continued. 2) Proposals of the Committee on Resolutions The participants of the Symposium formed a Committee on Resolutions, con sisting of R.A.Miller, D.Schuh and J<;;.Uray-K6halmy. The following resolu tions were presented and explained by R.A.Miller: 1. The Symposium took notice of the information given by its Hunga rian members, that in 1984 the Hungarian Academy of Sciences plans to commemorate the 200th anniversary __ of the birth of Csoma de KtJros~ The members of the Symposium express their conviction that this act of hom age will contribute a major impact to the development of the studies be gun by C~oma de Kdros and will serve as a welcome means for internation al cooperation in these studies. 2~ For endorsing the anniversary commemorations, the Symposium re commends to the Hungarian Csoma de K~ros Bicentenial Committee the fol lowing: a. Appropriate measures should be taken, so that commemorations, lectures and other solemn occasions shall be organized in those countries and plB:c.es which were connected with the life and activity of Csoma de KtJros.