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Access to the eBook is limited to the first individual who redeems the PIN, located on the inside cover of this book, at expertconsult.inkling.com and may not be transferred to another party by resale, lending, or other means. 2015v1.0 CONTEMPORARY ORAL and MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY This page intentionally left blank SEVENTH EDITION CONTEMPOR ARY ORAL and MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY James R. Hupp, DMD, MD, JD, MBA Vice Dean for Student and Faculty Experience Professor of Surgery Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine Washington State University Spokane, Washington; Founding Dean and Professor Emeritus School of Dental Medicine East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina Edward Ellis III, DDS, MS Professor and Chair Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas Myron R. Tucker, DDS Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Education Consultant Charlotte, North Carolina Isle of Palms, South Carolina; Adjunct Clinical Professor Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Louisiana State University New Orleans, Louisiana 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 CONTEMPORARY ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, ISBN: 978-0-323-55221-9 SEVENTH EDITION Copyright © 2019 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notice Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Previous editions copyrighted 2014, 2008, 2003, 1998, 1993, 1988 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier, Inc. Library of Congress Control Number: 2018944860 Content Strategist: Alexandra Mortimer Senior Content Development Manager: Kathryn DeFrancesco Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson Senior Project Manager/Specialist: Carrie Stetz Design Direction: Patrick Ferguson Printed in China Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 My contributions to this book are dedicated to my wonderfully supportive family: Carmen, my wife, best friend, and the love of my life; our children, Jamie, Justin, Joelle, and Jordan; our daughters and sons-in-law, Natacha, Joe, Jordan, and Ted; and our precious grandchildren, Peyton, Morgan, and Owen. James R. Hupp To all of the people I have worked with for the past 40 years in oral and maxillofacial surgery, including my mentors, partners in practice, residents, students, and the staff that has offered me so much support. You all know who you are. Myron R. Tucker To the many students and residents who have allowed me to take part in their education. Edward Ellis III Contributors Richard Bauer, DMD, MD James Hupp, DMD, MD, JD, MBA Assistant Professor Vice Dean for Student and Faculty Experience Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Professor of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Washington State University Spokane, Washington; Troy R. Eans, DMD Founding Dean and Professor Emeritus Clinical Assistant Professor School of Dental Medicine Prosthodontics East Carolina University University of Pittsburgh Greenville, North Carolina Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Antonia Kolokythas, DDS, MSc, FACS Edward Ellis III, DDS, MS Head and Program Director Professor and Chair Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Rochester University of Texas Health Science Center Rochester, New York San Antonio, Texas Stuart Lieblich, DMD Brian Farrell, DDS, MD, FACS Clinical Professor Private Practice and Fellowship Director Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Carolinas Center for Oral and Facial Surgery University of Connecticut Charlotte, North Carolina; Farmington, Connecticut; Assistant Clinical Professor Private Practice Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Avon Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Louisiana State University Health Science Center Avon, Connecticut New Orleans, Louisiana Michael R. Markiewicz, DDS, MPH, MD Tirbod Fattahi, DDS, MD, FACS Assistant Professor Professor and Chair Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Illinois at Chicago Cancer Center; University of Florida College of Medicine Assistant Professor Jacksonville, Florida Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University; Michael Han, DDS Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Chicago, Illinois University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois Michael Miloro, DMD, MD, FACS Professor, Department Head, and Program Director Michaell Huber, DDS Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Professor & Diplomate University of Illinois American Board of Oral Medicine Chicago, Illinois Department of Comprehensive Dentistry UT Health San Antonio School of Dentistry John Nale, DMD, MD, FACS San Antonio, Texas Assistant Clinical Professor Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Louisiana State University Health Science Center New Orleans, Louisiana; Private Practice Carolinas Center for Oral and Facial Surgery Charlotte, North Carolina vi Contributors vii Edward M. Narcisi, DMD Salam O. Salman, DDS, MD, FACS Assistant Clinical Professor Residency Program Director and Assistant Professor Department of Restorative Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinical Co-Director, Multi-Disciplinary Implant Center University of Florida College of Medicine Clinical Co-Director, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Jacksonville, Florida Presbyterian/Shadyside School of Dental Medicine Myron R. Tucker, DDS University of Pittsburgh; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Educational Consultant Private Practice Charlotte, North Carolina Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Isle of Palms, South Carolina; Adjunct Clinical Professor Mark W. Ochs, DMD, MD Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Professor and Chair Louisiana State University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery New Orleans, Louisiana School of Dental Medicine University of Pittsburgh; Alison Yeung, DDS, MD Professor Clinical Assistant Professor Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center School of Dental Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina Preface The seventh edition of this internationally adopted and highly Chapter 11, “Postextraction Patient Management.” This chapter praised textbook, Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, provides comprehensive information on preventing and managing is designed to provide both dental trainees and practicing the postoperative sequelae and complications of exodontia. dentists the fundamental principles of clinical evaluation, Chapter 12, “Medicolegal Considerations.” This chapter has treatment planning, and surgical care for patients with diseases been updated with the most current HIPAA and Affordable Health and deformities of the oral and maxillofacial region. This book Care Act information that affects dentistry and oral and maxillofacial provides great detail on the foundational techniques of evaluation, surgery. diagnosis, and care for clinical problems commonly managed Chapter 15, “Implant Treatment: Advanced Concepts and by the general dental practitioner. The extensive number of Complex Cases.” This chapter has been updated with the latest illustrations make the surgical techniques readily understand- virtual planning options and new cases. able and also enhance readers’ appreciation of the biologic Chapter 20, “Odontogenic Diseases of the Maxillary Sinus.” basis and technical fundamentals, allowing them to manage This chapter includes updated medical management and treatment routine surgical situations as well as those that go beyond with endoscopic procedures. “textbook cases.” Chapter 21, “Diagnosis and Management of Salivary Gland There are two major purposes of the seventh edition of Disorders.” This chapter includes updates on imaging techniques Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: (1) to present a and medical management. comprehensive description of the basic oral surgery procedures Chapter 25, “Management of Facial Fractures.” New cases have that are performed by general practitioners, and (2) to provide been added, with emphasis on the most recent imaging and naviga- information on advanced, more complex surgical evaluation and tion applications. management of patients with problems that are typically managed Chapter 26, “Correction of Dentofacial Deformities.” The most by oral and maxillofacial surgeons but are commonly first seen current applications of computerized virtual surgical planning have and evaluated by other dental practitioners. been expanded. New illustrations using Dolphin Aquarium technol- Whether you are a dental student, resident, or already in ogy have been added to demonstrate surgical osteotomies, along practice, the seventh edition of Contemporary Oral and Maxil- with many new case reports. lofacial Surgery is an excellent resource to add to your professional Chapter 27, “Facial Cosmetic Surgery.” This chapter has been library and regularly return to while providing patient care. rewritten by a new author emphasizing the full scope of facial cosmetic surgery, including surgical and nonsurgical treatment of New to This Edition the aging face. Chapter 28, “Management of Temporomandibular Disorders.” Chapters 1 and 2, “Preoperative Health Status Evaluation” and Updates on nonsurgical medical management have been addressed. “Prevention and Management of Medical Emergencies.” These The latest concepts of reconstruction of severe temporomandibular chapters have been completely updated. joint degeneration and the current technology for joint replacement Chapter 6, “Pain and Anxiety Control in Surgical Practice.” have been augmented. This is an entirely new chapter providing succinct presentation Chapter 29, “Surgical Reconstruction of Defects of the Jaws.” of local anesthesia and nitrous oxide sedation as they relate to This chapter includes new information on the use of a combination office-based oral surgery. of bone morphogenetic protein, bone marrow aspirate cell con- Chapter 8, “Principles of Routine Exodontia.” New photo- centrate, and allogeneic bone to reconstruct the jaws without the graphs and illustrations help enhance understanding of routine need for procurement of large autogenous bone grafts. exodontic procedures. viii