Construction Project Administration This page intentionally left blank Construction Project Administration N E INTH DITION Edward R. Fisk, PE Wayne D. Reynolds, PE Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Vice President and Executive Editor:Vernon Cover Designer:Bruce Kenselaar R.Anthony Cover Image:Getty Images Acquisitions Editor:David Ploskonka Full-Service Project Management: Editorial Assistant:Nancy Kesterson Shiny Rajesh,Integra Director ofMarketing:David Gesell Composition:Integra Software Executive Marketing Manager:Derril Trakalo Services Pvt.Ltd. 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Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fisk,Edward R.,1924– Construction project administration / Edward R.Fisk,Wayne D.Reynolds.—9th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13:978-0-13-500007-6 (alk.paper) ISBN-10:0-13-500007-6 (alk.paper) 1. Construction industry—Management. 2. Building––Superintendence. I. Reynolds, Wayne D.,1949– II. Title. TH438.F57 2010 624.068––dc22 2009018897 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 13:978-0-13-500007-6 ISBN 10: 0-13-500007-6 PREFACE T added,and some ofthe chapters were reorganized for a more he principal objective ofthis book is to provide those logical flow ofinformation. ofus who are active in the construction industry with Later editions provided the updating necessary to remain a single source of information that will help address current with state-of-the-art techniques in construction and the responsibilities and risks that we are likely to encounter. to add new material,including references to AIA,EJCDC,and The book not only introduces students,design professionals, FIDIC documents,so that the book can literally become a project managers,and owners to the special problems ofcon- single source for most construction-phase activities. struction,but also serves as a ready reference to experienced As a part of the continuing effort to stay abreast of the contract administrators and construction engineers. state ofthe art ofthe construction industry,and in recogni- The first edition was addressed to students ofconstruc- tion of the federal declaration to make the metric system tion management,on-site representatives,engineers,and (SI) the basic system of measurement in the United States inspectors to provide them with a ready source of informa- and that federal agencies be required to use it exclusively,the tion in preparing for the responsibilities they could expect to fifth edition was updated to emphasize its use and included confront on modern construction projects. supplementary information to assist civil and construction However,during the many seminars held by the authors engineers in utilizing metric (SI) civil engineering units in throughout the United States, Venezuela, Guam, Canada, construction.In addition,all of the original material was Jamaica,and Mexico,and in the courses they have taught for reviewed and updated; the subject of partnering was the University ofCalifornia,Berkeley,Institute ofTransporta- addressed;and the index was made more user-friendly. tion Studies;University ofWashington,Seattle,Engineering For the seventh edition,author Ed Fisk added a new Professional Programs;Eastern Kentucky University;and the chapter,“Electronic Project Administration”(Chapter 5) American Society of Civil Engineers,it became evident that and welcomed two new contributors who were experts in the project managers, contract administrators, and other their own right on computer application as applied to pro- management personnel who worked with or exercised control curement and project administration.They were Mr.Harold over the on-site project representatives had special problems Good,CPPO,formerly Director of Procurement and Con- that also needed to be addressed if the project team concept tracting for the City ofPalm Springs and a leader in his field, was to be realized.Thus,the concept for the second edition and W.Gary Craig,PE,President ofProjectEDGE. was born:to bring together the office and field personnel and For the eighth edition, Mr. Wayne Reynolds joined present them with a workable system for operating as an effec- author Ed Fisk in revising much of Chapters 13 and 14 on tive construction team. construction scheduling,and Chapter 16on value engineer- The third edition continued the concept ofdeveloping the ing. Together, the authors made many updates regarding project team approach, with the added consideration of twenty-first-century technology. claims-avoidance methods to reduce claims losses.Each mem- The authors are grateful to the many contributions made ber ofthe project team needed to become intimately familiar through the years since this book was first published.Contrib- with the principles of construction project administration.It utors to previous editions included Julius (Jim) Calhoun,Esq., was toward this end that the author strove to meet the particu- Asst.General Counsel for Montgomery-Watson in Pasadena, lar needs ofthe project team in today’s changing construction CA (ret.);Gary L.McFarland,PE,and Charles H.Lawrance, environment.A considerable amount of new material was PE,President and Vice-President,respectively,of Lawrance, v vi Preface Fisk,& McFarland,Inc.,ofSanta Barbara,CA;Wendell Rigby, The author extends his particular thanks and appreciation PE,former Senior Civil Engineer of the City of Thousand to Donald Scarborough,President ofForward Associates,Ltd., Oaks, CA; Albert Rodriguez, CPCU, ARM, President, of Novato,CA,for his valuable contributions to the updated Rodriguez Consulting Group,Inc.,Jacksonville,FL;Robert chapters on CPM scheduling;to William W.Gurry,President Rubin,Esq.,PE,of Postner & Rubin,Attorneys-at-Law,New ofWm.Gurry & Associates,Atlanta,GA,for his contributions York,NY;Joseph Litvin,Esq.,PE,Attorney-at-Law,Dayton, on design–build contracts;and to the Associated General Con- OH;Arthur Schwartz,Esq.,General Counsel for the National tractors ofAmerica for its input on the concept ofpartnering. Society of Professional Engineers, Alexandria, VA; Robert Special thanks and appreciation is offered to my daugh- Smith, Esq., PE, of Wickwire Gavin, PC of Madison, WI, ter,Jacqueline,and to her son,John Stamp,PhD,who did General Counsel for the Engineers Joint Contract Documents most ofthe indexing for the sixth edition.Thanks also to my Committee (EJCDC);and the members ofthe EJCDC whose son,Edward,who provided all of the computer expertise, contributions to the tools of the contract administrator are both editorially and in a support capacity,for editions five without equal. through seven ofthis book. PREFACE TO THE NINTH EDITION O n August 5, 2008, the Architecture/Engineering/ Chapter 5. I also wish to acknowledge Mr. Matt Gumm, Construction community lost a great constructor Alliance Corporation,for his suggestions on how to improve when Mr.Ed Fisk passed away.His more than three this textbook and Mr.James Dall,Dormitory Authority— decades of construction insights will be sorely missed.This New York,for identifying errata that needed correction from ninth edition ofConstruction Project Administrationis dedi- the eighth edition.Finally,I would like to thank my wife, cated to his memory.He was my mentor and good friend. Karen Reynolds,for her patience and support throughout With the ninth edition,we have continued to fine-tune the duration ofthis project. all chapters to current technologies,to incorporate the latest To access supplementary materials online, instruc- developments in construction project administration,and to tors need to request an instructor access code. Go to correct any errors in the previous edition. Chapter 6 has www.pearsonhighered.com, click the Instructor Resource been updated to include the Construction Specifications Center link,and then click Register Today for an instructor Institute 2004 version ofMasterformat™.Chapter 5has been access code. Within 48 hours after registering you will updated to include a discussion on Building Information receive a confirming e-mail including an instructor access Modeling. code.Once you have received your code,go to the site and I wish to thank Mr.Steven E.Williams,Autodesk Inc., log on for full instructions on downloading the materials for writing the Building Information Modeling update for you wish to use. vii This page intentionally left blank ABOUT THE AUTHORS Edward R. Fisk, PE, LS, Wayne D.Reynolds,PE,is was a construction consul- a Professor in the Depart- tant in Orange,California. ment ofTechnology at East- He was a licensed civil and ern Kentucky University. structural engineer, land Heteaches introduction to surveyor,and licensed gen- construction,project orga- eral contractor and held nization and supervision, licenses in 13 states.Before scheduling and cost control, becoming an independent contracts and bidding, consultant, he was presi- quantity and cost estimat- dent ofGleason,Peacock,& ing,engineering economy, Fisk,Inc.,of Brea,CA,construction consultants;vice presi- statics,structures,and soils in the Construction Management dent of Lawrence, Fisk, & McFarland, Inc., engineers, of program.He also lectures nationally and internationally for the Santa Barbara,CA;and vice president of Construction Ser- American Society of Civil Engineers.He has a B.S.from the vices for Wilsey & Ham,engineers,Foster City,CA.Prior U.S.Military Academy and an M.S.in civil engineering from to that he served as Corporate Director of Construction the Ohio State University. Mr. Reynolds has experience in Management for J.M.Montgomery Engineers (now MWH design and construction projects including transportation Global),and VTN Consolidated,Inc.,and was an Engineer facilities,navigation structures,flood protection,and institu- and a Field Engineer for Bechtel Corp.,Power Division.He tional buildings,and has served as Inspector,Project Engineer, had extensive experience in both the public and private sec- Assistant Resident Engineer,Project Manager,Deputy District tors.He was a Life Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineer,and Contracting Officer.He was an Assistant Profes- Engineers and former chairman ofits Construction Division sor of Civil Engineering at the U.S.Air Force Academy and and was a Fellow ofthe National Academy ofForensic Engi- completed service in the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers as a neers.He taught short courses statewide at the University of Lieutenant Colonel.He is a member ofAmerican Society of California,Berkeley,Institute ofTransportation Studies,and Civil Engineers,the Society ofAmerican Military Engineers, at the University of Washington,Engineering Professional and the Associated Schools ofConstruction. Programs,Seattle,for many years.He lectured nationally and internationally for the American Society of Civil Engi- neers until succeeded by co-author Wayne Reynolds. ix