CONN S ’ CURRENT THERAPY 2021 RICK D. KELLERMAN, MD Professor and Chair Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita Wichita, Kansas DAVID P. RAKEL, MD Professor and Chair Department of Family and Community Medicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, New Mexico Elsevier 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1600 Philadelphia, PA 19103- 2899 CONN’S CURRENT THERAPY 2021 ISBN: 978- 0- 323- 79006- 2 Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. 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ISBN: 978-0-323-79006-2 Senior Content Specialist: Charlotta Kryhl Senior Content Development Manager: Kathryn DeFrancesco Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson Senior Project Manager: Kate Mannix Design Direction: Renee Duenow Printed in the United States Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contributors Kashif Abad, MD Arash Arshi, MD Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Interventional Cardiology, Cardiovascular Disease, OhioHealth, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico Columbus, Ohio Chronic Kidney Disease Valvular Heart Disease Mustafa Abdul- Hussein, MD, MSCR Danny Avalos, MD Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Anthony Assistant Professor, Gastroenterology, Herbert Wertheim College Hospital, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma of Medicine–Florida International University, Miami, Florida Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Inflammatory Bowel Disease Rodney D. Adam, MD Cecilio M. Azar, MD Professor of Pathology and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Associate in Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Department Nairobi, Kenya; Professor Emeritus, University of Arizona of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona Center, Beirut, Lebanon Giardiasis Bleeding Esophageal Varices Paul C. Adams, MD Amir Azarbal, MD Professor of Medicine, University of Western Ontario; Cardiology Fellow, Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington, Gastroenterologist, University Hospital, London, Ontario, Vermont Canada Pericarditis Hemochromatosis Zachary J. Baeseman, MD, MPH Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita, MD Associate Medical Director, ThedaCare Physicians, Wild Rose Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of and Appleton, Wisconsin; Adjunct Professor of Family Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Plague Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Adjunct Faculty of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Lee Akst, MD Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin Director, Johns Hopkins Voice Center, Assistant Professor of Vaginal Bleeding in Pregnancy Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Justin Bailey, MD Hoarseness and Laryngitis Associate Professor of Family Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Director, Procedures Institute, Family Kelley P. Anderson, MD Medicine Residency of Idaho, Boise, Idaho Adjunct Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Gaseousness, Indigestion, Nausea, and Vomiting; School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; Palpitations Department of Cardiology, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin Mandeep Bajaj, MD Heart Block Professor of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Paul Andre, MD Hyperlipidemia Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico Vladimer Bakhutashvili, MD Tachycardias West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia Gregory M. Anstead, MD, PhD Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Staff Physician, Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Affairs Hospital; Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas Federico Balagué, MD Coccidioidomycosis Médecin agree, Rheumatology, HFR Fribourg- hôpital cantonal, Fribourg, Switzerland Ann M. Aring, MD Spine Pain Clinical Assistant Professor of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University; Bradley E. Barth, MD Associate Program Director, Family Medicine Residency, Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, Ohio University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions; Rhinosinusitis Burns Gina M. Basello, DO Clara Bloomfield, MD† Vice Chair, Department of Family Medicine, Director, Family Distinguished University Professor, William G. Pace III Professor Medicine Residency Program, Associate Director, Palliative of Cancer Research, Cancer Scholar and Senior Advisor, The Medicine, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center; Assistant Clinical Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur Professor, Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research of Medicine, New York, New York Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Fever Acute Leukemia in Adults Renee M. Bassaly, DO William Blum, MD Division Director and Fellowship Director, Associate Professor, Professor and Director, Acute Leukemia Program, Winship Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Acute Leukemia in Adults Florida, Tampa, Florida Urinary Incontinence Diana Bolotin, MD, PhD Associate Professor, Director of Dermatologic Surgery, Section of Adel Bassily-Marcus, MD Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Associate Professor, Surgical Critical Care, The Mount Sinai Nonmelanoma Cancer of the Skin Hospital, New York, New York Targeted Temperature Management (Therapeutic Rachel A. Bonnema, MD, MS Hypothermia) Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska Julie M. Baughn, MD Contraception Consultant, Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Pediatric Sleep Disorders David Borenstein, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine, The George Washington Sheryl Beard, MD University Medical Center, Washington, DC Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Community Spine Pain Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita, Wichita, Kansas Christopher Bossart, MD Rhinitis Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico Aleksandr Belakovskiy, MD Osteoarthritis Assistant Professor, Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Dee Ann Bragg, MD s or Erectile Dysfunction Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family and t u Community Medicine, The University of Kansas School of b ri Ronen Ben- Ami, MD Medicine–Wichita; Faculty, Via Christi Family Medicine t n Head, Infectious Disease Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Residency Program, Wichita, Kansas o C Tel Aviv, Israel Rubella and Congenital Rubella Cat Scratch Disease Scott Bragg, PharmD vi Hassan Bencheqroun, MD Associate Professor, Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Science, Assistant Clinical Professor, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy; University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Riverside, California Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina Pruritus Osteoporosis David I. Bernstein, MD Prasheda Bremjit, MD Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Department of Cardiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal New Mexico Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Congestive Heart Failure Cincinnati, Ohio Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Sylvia L. Brice, MD Clinical Professor of Dermatology, University of Colorado, Denver, Jonathan A. Bernstein, MD Colorado Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Viral Diseases of the Skin Rheumatology and Allergy, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio John Brill, MD, MPH Anaphylaxis Vice- President, Population Health, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Kristin Schmid Biggerstaff, MD, MS Gonorrhea Associate Professor, Opthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine; Glaucoma Staff, Eye Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veteran’s Patricia D. Brown, MD Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Glaucoma Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Associate Chief of Staff for Medicine, John D. Mitchell Birt, MD Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pyelonephritis University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas Osteomyelitis †Deceased. Patrick Brown, MD William E. Cayley Jr., MD, MDiv Associate Professor of Oncology and Pediatrics, The Johns Adjunct Clinical Professor, University of Wisconsin School Hopkins University School of Medicine; Director, Pediatric of Medicine and Public Health; Prevea Family Medicine Leukemia Program, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Residency, Augusta and Eau Claire, Wisconsin Center at Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Chest Pain Acute Leukemia in Children Sonia Cerquozzi, MD Rachel Brown, MBBS Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Hematology and Professor and Chair, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University Hematologic Malignancies, University of Calgary, Calgary, of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita, Wichita, Kansas Alberta, Canada Autism Polycythemia Vera Peter F. Buckley, MD Alvaro Cervera, MD, PhD Dean, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University; Consultant Neurologist, Royal Darwin Hospital, Northern Executive Vice President for Medical Affairs, VCU Health, Territory, Australia Richmond, Virginia Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease Schizophrenia Rachel Chamberlain, MD Sarah Burns, DO, MS Associate Program Director, Primary Care Sports Medicine Assistant Professor, Division of Hospital Medicine, Department Fellowship, Assistant Professor, Department of Family of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico Acute Kidney Injury Osteoarthritis Kenneth Byrd, DO Lawrence Chan, MD Assistant Professor, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Professor, Departments of Medicine, Molecular and Cellular Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Hyperaldosteronism; Hyperlipidemia; Hyperprolactinemia Diego Cadavid, MD Miriam Chan, PharmD Senior Vice President of Clinical Development, Fulcrum Director of Pharmacy Education, Family Medicine Residency Therapeutics; Affiliate Instructor in Neurology, University of Program, Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, Ohio Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester, Massachusetts Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions; Popular Herbs and Nutri- s Relapsing Fever tional Supplements or t u b Thomas R. Caraccio, PharmD Zenas Chang, MD, MS ri t Clinical Pharmacist and Toxicologist, Pharmacy Department, Assistant Professor, Gynecologic Oncology, Indiana University n o New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana C Medical Toxicology Ovarian Cancer vii Peter J. Carek, MD, MS Jimmy Chen, MD Professor and Chair, Community Health and Family Medicine, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Division University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida of Hospital Pediatrics, University of Florida–Jacksonville, Osteoporosis Jacksonville, Florida Parenteral Fluid Therapy for Infants and Children Andres F. Carrion, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Lin Yee Chen, MBBS, MS Florida Professor, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Cirrhosis University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota Amanda S. Cass, PharmD Atrial Fibrillation Clinical Pharmacist Specialist, Thoracic Oncology, Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Shingo Chihara, MD Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee Section of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Lung Cancer Seattle, Washington Anthrax Donald O. Castell, MD Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Meera Chitlur, MD Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, Professor of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University; Pediatric South Carolina Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan; Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Barnhart-Lusher Hemostasis Research Endowed Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Anthony Peter Catinella, MD, MPH Michigan Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Texas Tech University Hemophilia and Related Conditions Health Science Center; Chair, Department of Family Medicine– Transmountain, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas Pulmonary Hypertension Saima Chohan, MD Carlo Contini, MD Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Clinical Education, Full Professor of Infectious Diseases, Director of Infectious Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, Arizona; Diseases Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy Division of Rheumatology, University of Arizona College of Toxoplasmosis Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona Gout and Hyperuricemia Ashley Cooper, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Tulane School of Medicine, New Jacob Christensen, DO Orleans, Louisiana Family Medicine, University of Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Osteoarthritis Allison K. Cormier, MD Kuang-Y uh Chyu, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Tulane School of Medicine, New Associate Director, Coronary Intensive Care Unit, Department Orleans, Louisiana of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Health Sciences Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Treatment and Prevention Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California Michael L. Corriveau, MD Acute Myocardial Infarction Assistant Clinical Professor of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University School of Medicine; Pulmonologist, Chalmers P. Joaquin E. Cigarroa, MD Wylie VA Ambulatory Care Center, Columbus, Ohio Professor of Medicine, Clinical Chief, Knight Cardiovascular Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Institute; Division Head, Cardiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon Bart L. Cox, MD Congenital Heart Disease Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico Paul Cleland, MD Congestive Heart Failure Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Burke A. Cunha, MD Medicine–Wichita; Associate Director, University of Kansas Professor, State University of New York School of Medicine, School of Medicine–Wichita Sports Medicine Fellowship, Stony Brook, New York; Chief, Infectious Disease Division, Wichita, Kansas Winthrop–University Hospital, Mineola, New York Heat- Related Illness Babesiosis; Viral and Mycoplasmal Pneumonias Matthew K. Cline, MD Cheston B. Cunha, MD s or MUSC Affiliate Professor (Anderson/Family Medicine), Medical Medical Director, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Infectious Disease ut University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina Division, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, b ri Antepartum Care Providence, Rhode Island t n Babesiosis; Viral and Mycoplasmal Pneumonias o C Laura C. Coates, MBChB, PhD Associate Professor, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Amy E. Curry, MD Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Family and viii Oxford, Oxford, Great Britain Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Psoriatic Arthritis Medicine–Wichita; Via Christi Family Medicine Residency, Wichita, Kansas August Colenbrander, MD Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Affiliate Senior Scientist, Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center, Smith- Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, Julia Dai, MD California Associate Professor, Director of Dermatologic Surgery, Section of Vision Rehabilitation Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Nonmelanoma Cancer of the Skin Tracie C. Collins, MD, MPH, MHCDS Dean and Professor, College of Population Health, University of Cori L. Daines, MD New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico Professor, Division Chief, Director, Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Peripheral Artery Disease Medicine Center, Tucson Cystic Fibrosis Center; Director, Pediatric Pulmonary Center, The University of Arizona College Ryan M. Commins, MD of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona Internal Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cystic Fibrosis Washington, DC High Altitude Illness Oriana M. Damas, MD Assistant Professor, Director of Translational Studies for the Christine Conageski, MD Crohn’s and Colitis Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Associate Professor, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado Medicine, Miami, Florida Vulvar Neoplasia Inflammatory Bowel Disease John M. Conly, MD Beth A. Damitz, MD Professor of Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Associate Professor, Family and Community Medicine, Medical Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Methicillin-R esistant Staphylococcus aureus Immunization Practices Natalie C. Dattilo, PhD John N. Dorsch, MD Director of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Professor Emeritus, Department of Family and Community Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita, Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Wichita, Kansas Red Eye Raul Davaro, MD Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, University of Chad Douglas, MD, PharmD Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts Assistant Professor of Family and Preventive Medicine, Medical Smallpox; Whooping Cough & Didactic Education Director, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; Department of Family and Preventive Kevin A. David, MD Medicine, Medical Director–OU Physicians Health and Associate Professor of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Wellness Clinic, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Medical School; Member, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Erythema Multiforme Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma Shannon Dowler, MD Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, André de Leon, MD University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Asheville, North Family Medicine/Sports Medicine, OhioHealth Primary Care and Carolina Pediatric Physicians, Delaware, Ohio Nongonococcal Urethritis Chronic Diarrhea Douglas A. Drevets, MD Tate de Leon, MD Professor and Chief, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Faculty, Family Medicine, Eisenhower Family Medicine Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; Staff Physician, Veterans Residency, Rancho Mirage, California Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Acute Diarrhea Plague Alexei O. DeCastro, MD Samuel C. Dudley Jr., MD, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, Medical Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Osteoporosis Atrial Fibrillation Katharine C. DeGeorge, MD, MS Peter R. Duggan, MD Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Calgary, of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia Calgary, Alberta, Canada s Bacterial Pneumonia; Asthma in Children Polycythemia Vera or t u b Thomas G. DeLoughery, MD Kim Eagle, MD ri t Professor of Medicine, Pathology, and Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Albion Walter Hewlett Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, n o Science University, Portland, Oregon Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Health System, C Hemolytic Anemias Ann Arbor, Michigan Angina Pectoris ix Atul Deodhar, MD Professor of Medicine, Division of Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, Leigh M. Eck, MD Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon Associate Professor of Medicine, Program Director–Internal Axial Spondyloarthritis Medicine Residency Program, Vice Chair of GME–Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, Kansas Urmi Desai, MD, MS Thyroiditis Director, Foundations of Clinical Medicine Clerkships, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Center for Family and Community Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New Genevieve L. Egnatios, MD York, New York Affiliated Dermatology, Scottsdale, Arizona Vulvovaginitis Contact Dermatitis Clio Dessinioti, MD, MSc, PhD Wissam El Atrouni, MD, MSc Dermatologist, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Parasitic Diseases of the Skin Kansas Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas Osteomyelitis Michael P. Diamond, MD Leon Henri Charbonnier Endowed Chair in Reproductive Dirk M. Elston, MD Endocrinology, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Associate Professor and Chairman, Department of Dermatology and Dean for Research, Medical College of Georgia; Senior Vice Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, President for Research, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia Charleston, South Carolina Infertility Diseases of the Hair Geoffrey A. Donnan, MD Department of Neurology, University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences; Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease John M. Embil, MD William E. Fisher, MD Professor, Departments of Internal Medicine (Section of Professor, Clinical Vice-C hair and Chief, Division of General Infectious Diseases) and Medical Microbiology, Consultant, Surgery, George L. Jordan, MD Chair of General Surgery, Infectious Diseases, Director, BSc(Med) Program, University of Vice Chair, Clinical Affairs, Director, Elkins Pancreas Center, Manitoba; Medical Director, Infection Prevention and Control Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Chief, Surgery Unit, Health Sciences Centre and Winnipeg Regional Health Service Line, Baylor St. Luke’s Medical Center, Houston, Texas Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis Blastomycosis Maria Fleseriu, MD Scott K. Epstein, MD Professor of Medicine and Neurological Surgery, Director of Dean for Educational Affairs and Professor of Medicine, Tufts Pituitary Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Oregon Acute Respiratory Failure Adrenocortical Insufficiency; Hypopituitarism Susan Evans, MD Donald C. Fletcher, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, University Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, of Nebraska Medical Center University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas Iron Deficiency Anemia Vision Rehabilitation Andrew M. Evens, DO, MSc Sarah Forsberg, PsyD Professor of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Eating School; Associate Director for Clinical Services, Rutgers Cancer Disorders Program, University of California, San Francisco, Institute of New Jersey; Director, Lymphoma Program, Division San Francisco, California of Blood Disorders, Medical Director, Oncology Service Line, Eating Disorders RWJBarnabas Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma Jeffrey Michael Foster, DO Anesthesiology and Interventional Pain Medicine, Saint Luke’s J. Barry Fagan, MD Hospital of Kansas City; Clinical Assistant Professor of Service Chief, Specialty Medicine, Central Ohio VA Healthcare Anesthesiology, University of Missouri at Kansas City, Kansas System, Columbus, Ohio City, Missouri Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Fibromyalgia Anna Faris, MD Jennifer Frank, MD Resident Physician, Department of Urology, University of Chief Medical Officer, Clinically Integrated Network, Theda ors Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Care Physicians, Neenah, Wisconsin ut Trauma to the Genitourinary Tract Syphilis b ntri Anthony J. Faugno III, MD Ellen W. Freeman, PhD Co Instructor in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Research Professor, Obstetrics/Gynecology, Perelman School of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Tufts Medical Center, Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Boston, Massachusetts Premenstrual Syndrome x Acute Respiratory Failure Ruchi Gaba, MD Kinder Fayssoux, MD Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Center for Family Medicine, Eisenhower Medical Associates, La Medicine, Houston, Texas Quinta, California Hyperaldosteronism Bacterial Infections of the Urinary Tract in Women Melissa Gaines, MD Cox Senior Health, Geriatrics Division, Springfield, Missouri Dorianne Feldman, MD, MSPT Constipation Medical Director, Inpatient Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins Marc G. Ghany, MD, MHSc University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Clinical Research Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Rehabilitation of the Stroke Patient Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Terry D. Fife, MD Hepatitis A, B, D, and E Director, Otoneurology and Balance Disorders, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Muhammad Ahmad Ghazi, MD Ménière’s Disease Family Physician, Jacksonville, Florida Pruritus Ani and Vulvae David J. Finley, MD Co- Director, Complex Airway Program, Surgeon, Thoracic Geoffrey Gibney, MD Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, Co- Leader Melanoma Program, Lombardi Comprehensive New York Cancer Center, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Pleural Effusions and Empyema Washington, DC Melanoma Jonathon Firnhaber, MD, MAEd, MBA Residency Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, Donald L. Gilbert, MD, MS East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Diseases of the Nail Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome