CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS NIJENRODE STUDIES IN BUSINESS Advisory Board Michael Z. Brooke, Professor at the University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, U.K. Edgar O. Edwards, Ford Foundation, New York, U.S.A. Myron J. Gordon, Professor at the University of Toronto, Faculty of Man agement Studies, Toronto, Canada Martin J. Gruber, Professor at New York University, Graduate School of Business Administration, New York, U.S.A. Martin K. Starr, Professor at Columbia University, Graduate School of Business, New York, U.S.A. Board of Editors Gerard B. J. Bomers, Dean and Professor at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Business, Breukelen, The Netherlands Frans G. J. Derkinderen, Professor at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Business Hans G. Eijgenhuijsen, Professor at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Business Aart P. van Gent, Professor at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Busi ness Maurice E. Punch, Professor at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Business Ben J. Schep, Professor at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Business Business administration is a broad field of study in which theory and prac tice should intersect for the analysis of old theories and the development of new ones. One of the main objectives of the Nijenrode Studies in Business is to provide an impetus to new developments in the multidisciplinary field of business administration, to serve modern managers as well as students and teachers of business administration. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Edited by Gerard B. J. Bomers Nijenrode, The Netherlands School ofB usiness Richard B. Peterson University of Washington Springer-Science+ Business Media, B. V. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Conflict management and industrial relations. (Nijenrode studies in business) Bibliography: p. 1. Industrial relations-Congresses. 2. Collective bargaining-Congresses. I. Somers, Gerard B. J. II. Peterson, Richard B. III. Series. HD6959.C68 331.8 81-15668 AACR2 ISBN 978-94-017-1134-0 ISBN 978-94-017-1132-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-1132-6 Copyright © 1982 by Springer Science+B usiness Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer • Nijhoff Publishing in 1982. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1982 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means without written permission from the publisher. CONTENTS Preface ix 1 Bridging the Gap between Industrial Relations and Conflict Management: An Introduction George Strauss 1 I DIFFERING CONFLICT CONDITIONS AND DEFINI- TIONS: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGING CONFLICT 33 2 The Conflict Carousel: A Contingency Approach to Conflict Management Mary Elizabeth Beres and Stuart M. Schmidt 37 3 Interface Analysis and the Management of Unequal Conflict 60 L. Dave Brown 4 Problem Definition and Conflict Management Alan C. Filley 79 5 Decision-Making Processes and Conflict John w. Burton 96 v vi CONTENTS II MANIFESTATIONS OF CONFLICT AND MODES OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT 115 6 The Process of Conflict Escalation and Roles of Third Parties Friedrich Glasl 119 7 Manager and Mediator: A Comparison of Third-Party Roles Based upon Conflict-Management Goals Kenneth W. Thomas 141 8 A Laboratory Study of Five Conflict-Handling Modes Thomas L. Ruble and Richard A. Cosier 158 9 Creative Conflict Management: How Bargainers Develop Integrative Agreements Dean G. Pruitt 172 10 Toward a Behavioral Model of Management under Collective Bargaining ThomasA. Kochan 194 11 Conflict Control and Industrial Reform: Three Approaches James E. Crowfoot and Mark A. Chesler 212 III EMPIRICAL STUDIES IN CONFLICT 239 12 Determinants of Collective Bargaining Impasses: Effects of Dispute Resolution Procedures John C. Anderson 243 13 The Aftermath of Strikes from the Perspective of Chief Negotiators Arie Shirom 262 14 Further Testing of a Behavioral Model of Problem Solving in Labor Negotiations Don J. Turkington and David F. Smith 281 CONTENTS vii IV COMPARATIVE INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 297 15 Conflict Management in Dutch Industrial Relations: An Analysis of Recent Developments, Trends, and Issues Andre F. M. Wierdsma and Gerard B. J. Bomers 303 16 Conflict Management in French Industrial Relations: Recent Developments and Trends Yves Delamotte 327 17 Management of Industrial Conflict in Britain during the 1970s Andrew J. W. Thomson 340 18 Conflict Management in the Austrian System of Social Partnership Friedrich Furstenberg 359 19 Conflict Regulation in Self-Managed Yugoslav Enterprises VeljkoRus 375 V VALUE ISSUES AND CONFLICT 395 20 Pressure, Protest, and Struggle: Some Problems in the Concept and Theory of Industrial Conflict Richard Hyman 401 21 Ethical Concerns in Conflict Management Roy J. Lewicki 423 Epilogue: Insights and Conclusions 447 List of Conference Participants 453 PREFACE This volume contains a selection of the most notable contributions delivered at the research conference "Industrial Relations and Conflict Management: Different Ways of Managing Conflict," which was hosted by the Nether lands School of Business in July 1980. Held at Nijenrode Castle, the confer ence brought together an international gathering of thirty-five of the most distinguished scholars in these fields to present research papers and to en gage in round-table discussions. One of the principal aims of the conference was to explore cross-links and differences between the areas of conflict management and industrial relations in an international context. The book opens with a chapter by George Strauss, who provides an in troduction to and an overall view of the subject matter covered. The chap ters that follow in Part I deal with differing conflict conditions and defini tions and their implications for managing conflict. The manifestations of conflict and different modes of conflict management are the subject of the chapters in Part II. In Part III, three empirical studies of conflict are dis cussed. Part IV is concerned with comparative industrial relations, while value issues and conflict are the focus of Part V. Finally, in the Epilogue the participant feedback regarding the conference is reviewed. ix x PREFACE We would like to express our special appreciation to Dr. Jacques Postma, recently retired president of the Netherlands School of Business (Nijenrode), for his support of the conference. Our thanks are also ex tended to the Nijenrode Board of Management for providing the necessary finances to hold the conference. Without this support, the idea of the con ference would have remained a dream.