CCLLAAMMSS CCoo--oorrddiinnaatteedd LLooccaall AAqquuaaccuullttuurree MMaannaaggeemmeenntt SSyysstteemmss CClleeww BBaayy,, CCoo.. MMaayyoo DDeecceemmbbeerr 22000011 CCLLAAMMSS CCoo--oorrddiinnaatteedd LLooccaall AAqquuaaccuullttuurree MMaannaaggeemmeenntt SSyysstteemm CClleeww BBaayy DDeecceemmbbeerr 22000011 Minister’s Foreword Since the announcement of the setting up of Co-ordinated Local Aquaculture Management Systems (CLAMS) in late 1998, a number of CLAMS documents have been produced. CLAMS aims to ensure that the development of the Irish aquaculture industry is in keeping with the principles of Single Bay Management. It is distinct from national aquaculture policy and development programmes because it focuses on the local bay level, while still taking on board relevant national policies. This CLAMS document for Clew Bay details both a management plan and a development plan for the bay while incorporating and extending the successful concepts of Single Bay Management to all farmed species (including extensive culture). Single Bay Management adopts an integrated approach to management. It was expertly designed to bring about improvements over a whole range of husbandry issues. It will lead to more efficient production by optimising conditions within the bay and it lays the foundations for co-operative ventures between operators in the same bay. The publication of the CLAMS plan for Clew Bay provides an integrated management and development plan for the bay in one document. The Marine Institute and BIM have been crucial in supporting this plan which can be easily integrated into County Development Plans or other plans being developed for the management of Ireland’s valuable coastal resource. The active participation of the Clew Bay Oyster Co-operative and the involvement of individual shellfish producers and fin fish producers in the bay, right from the outset, was the key to the development of this plan. It marks the start of an ongoing process of integrated management for the aquaculture industry in the bay. The Clew Bay Marine Forum, with representatives of the Oyster Co-operative, shellfish producers, the finfish aquaculture industry and lobster fishermen, together with BIM, Marine Institute and National University of Ireland, Galway has been a major supporter of, and contributor to, the development of the CLAMS process in the Bay. The commitment of the local CLAMS group and the ongoing practical and technical support from the Marine Institute and BIM are to be commended on the development of this comprehensive plan. This commitment will prove central to the future management and development of aquaculture and will ensure that the CLAMS process continues to develop to meet the needs of the industry in the bay. Mr. Frank Fahey TD Minister for the Marine and Natural Resources CCOONNTTEENNTTSS 11.. IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN AANNDD BBAACCKKGGRROOUUNNDD 22.. DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN OOFF CCLLEEWW BBAAYY 33.. MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT PPLLAANN 44.. DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT PPLLAANN 55.. MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT IISSSSUUEESS 66.. CCOONNSSUULLTTEEEESS IISSSSUUEESS 77.. CCOONNTTAACCTT NNAAMMEESS AANNDD AADDDDRREESSSSEESS 88.. BBIIBBLLIIOOGGRRAAPPHHYY 99.. MMAAPPSS 1100.. AAPPPPEENNDDIICCEESS 1111.. AABBBBRREEVVIIAATTIIOONNSS Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND In 1998 Minister of State with the Department of the Marine and Natural Resources (DoMNR) Hugh Byrne T.D. announced the setting up of a Co-ordinated Local Aquaculture Management System group, CLAMS. This concept of management will form a development plan for the bay incorporating and extending the concept of Single Bay Management. It will also be integrated with Coastal Zone Management policy and County Development Plans. Though CLAMS is integrated with these plans and the viewpoints of all interest groups are documented, the process is driven by the aquaculture producers working within the framework of national policy. BIM and the Marine Institute have presented a joint document to the DoMNR on the CLAMS concept, as both agencies have been charged with the responsibility for developing the CLAMS framework at local level. The CLAMS process is a non-statutory management system, which is anchored in the national marine policy and development programmes. It is envisaged that CLAMS will highlight issues in a bay and co-ordinate the industry and relevant bodies to deal with them. It is separate to licensing issues and is not going to solve or take responsibility for all issues. The concept focuses at local bay level while still taking on board relevant national policies. The object of this process is to formulate a management plan for the bay, which incorporates and extends the concepts of Single Bay Management to all farmed species. This is a CLAMS document for Clew Bay. It is one of a series of such plans that are being established country-wide. The CLAMS group is composed of representatives of all bona fide aquaculture interests such as the producers, liaison officer, and relevant regional BIM, DoMNR, MI and Údarás officers. Developing and implementing a CLAMS plan for Clew Bay should incorporate a strategy to encourage further integration of associated activities, i.e. fisheries enhancement/management programmes (including river systems), marine tourism and angling. What is the aim of CLAMS? CLAMS provides a concise description of the bay in terms of physical characteristics, history, aquaculture operations, future potential, problems etc. It also allows various Codes of Practice to be customised and integrated with the aquaculture industry operating in the bay. In addition to this it provides the framework from which a management and development plan for aquaculture in the bay can be drawn. Another important aspect is the fact that this process acts as a focus group for the local community. This will then provide an information channel from local to national level and vice versa. It is envisaged that this will provide a process for addressing issues that affect or are affected by aquaculture activities and streamline the resolution of these situations. What are the steps in establishing CLAMS? The following steps are undertaken each time the CLAMS process is established in a bay: - Define specific area. - Consult with DoMNR on relevant policy and licensing issues for the area. - Identify local CLAMS officer and local resources. - Download relevant information on existing production and licensing from GIS/database. Input additional relevant positional data into GIS/database and verify locations etc. - Meet with all existing producers individually in the area to discuss CLAMS. - On a regional basis meet with third parties for input into the process. - Prepare agenda that raises major issues encountered in preliminary meetings. - Form CLAMS Group. Initial meeting of all producers and co- ordinators with relevant regional BIM/DoMNR personnel, discuss summary of major issues and development strategy. - Appoint local liaison officer. - Agree on a working group to deal with matters arising that need to be addressed in relation to proper management of the bay. - Compile additional data and information. - Draft initial CLAMS document and circulate to group. - Meeting of group to revise document. - Arrange and schedule future meetings to review issues and modify plan. - Information presentations of the plan to relevant local bodies, councils and state agencies. Chapter 2. DESCRIPTION OF CLEW BAY 2. DESCRIPTION OF CLEW BAY Geographical and Physical: Clew Bay, is situated on the West Coast of Ireland in Co. Mayo (Map 1). It is 25km long and 12.5km wide and covers an area of c.31250ha. It is open to westerly swells and winds from the Atlantic with Clare Island giving a small amount of protection. The drumlin landscape of the inner bay was formed during the last ice age, when sediments were laid down and smoothed over by the advancing ice. The sea has since inundated this area, creating a multitude of islands and a complex series of interlocking bays. The popular belief is that Clew Bay contains 365 islands, one for each day of the year. The inner bay is relatively shallow (average 10m) with the southeast area being the shallowest. Further seawards, depths increase progressively to in excess of 40 metres, with an average of about 20 metres. The seabed composition is a mixture of sand, mud, gravel, boulders and cobbles. The mean tidal range for the bay is c.5m. There are 14 rivers flowing into Clew Bay: Buncladdy River, Murrevagh River, Bunnahowna River, Owengarve Rriver, Carrowsallagh River, Burrishoole River, Black Oak (Newport) River, Rossow River, Owennabrockagh River, Moyour River, Carrowbeg River, Owenwee River, Owenglasbreen River, and Bunowen River. Five of these rivers could be classified as important salmonid rivers. All of the rivers flowing into the bay are short and run off poor quality soils typical of mountainous regions. Although they generally have good quality water, they are susceptible to increases in acidification and sedimentation from aforestation and over grazing. Salmon stocks in the five main rivers are reasonably healthy and somewhat comparable to historical levels, however sea trout stocks have decreased below these levels. The largest island is Clare Island at the mouth of Clew Bay with a population of 219. The island is 8 km long and 4.8 km wide and is an imposing feature of Clew Bay. Ferries from Roonagh and Achill Island as well as a post boat service the island. The island has an ancient abbey, a modern church, shop, hotel, community centre, helipad and a lighthouse/guesthouse, along with several B&B's and some cottage style industries. There is one harbour on the east side of the island with two other ancillary piers, one on the south and another on the east near the old lighthouse, both of which have difficult approaches and are not suitable for large boats. The main activities on the island are sheep and cattle farming, salmon farming, fishing, marine services and tourism. The population of the inner islands of Clew Bay has declined from a recorded high in 1841 of 830 inhabitants on 11 islands, to its current low of 23 inhabitants on 7 islands. Whilst there has been a little 'holiday home' activity on some of the islands, the general trend has been one of emigration and resettlement on the mainland. Two of the islands recently had their electricity supply switched on. The one remaining inhabited island without power is to receive it in the near future. The main occupations of the islands residents are centred around farming, fishing and marine transportation and services. Of the reputed 365 islands, approximately 85 are of substantial size. Infrastructure: Main towns and populations 1996. Westport 4,253 Newport 956 Louisburgh 662 Mulranny 635 Clare Island 219 The main towns on the shores of Clew Bay are Westport, Newport, Mulranny and Louisburgh which are serviced by a network of secondary (N59), regional (R335), and third class roads. Traffic is carried from Dublin on the N5 and from Galway and Roscommon on the N84 and N60 respectively. The two main harbours in Clew Bay are Newport in the northeast corner and Westport in the southeast, both of which are tidal and with approaches that can prove difficult without experience or prior knowledge. Both of these harbours cater to a range of vessels including fishing boats, charter boats, pleasure boats, ferries and transport ships. There are a number of smaller piers around the bay; Mulranny, Roigh, Roscahill, Rosmoney, Murrisk, Lecanvey, Old Head, Carrowmore and Roonagh. With the exception of Roonagh, all of these piers are tidal. Whilst the majority of the piers are primarily used in summertime, Roigh pier and Rosmoney are less tidal and weather dependent and are widely used all year round by fishermen, fish farmers, charter boats, island farmers, divers, marine services, island residents, shellfish gatherers, seaweed harvesters and pleasure boats. Clew Bay does not have any all-weather deepwater facilities to offer ships and boats. Inflows to the Bay: There are 14 rivers flowing into Clew Bay. With the exception of one, the EPA consider all of the rivers to be unpolluted. The Carrowbeg River which runs through Westport is currently classified as moderately polluted and this is due to the lack of adequate sewage treatment works for Westport town. The following are the details regarding the sewage treatment plants, which are, or will be discharging into Clew Bay from the four main towns in the area. Westport Whilst delays were experienced in choosing the best location for the facility, a new sewage treatment works is currently underway to handle Westport waste and this is expected to be operational in 2003. Newport At present Newport does not have a second stage sewage treatment facility and discharges are made into the estuary of the river. Funds have recently been allocated to provide a second stage treatment works and although this is only in the planning stage, it is anticipated that this should be in place for 2004. Louisburgh Works on a second stage treatment facility are expected to be completed by mid 2002. Mallaranny (known locally as Mulranny). Second stage treatment has been in place in Mulranny since 1986/7 and this facility is due for a further upgrade in early to mid 2002. Environmental Status: Inner Clew Bay was originally designated as an Area of Scientific Interest in the early 1990's. In 1996/7, Inner Clew Bay was designated by Dúchas (The Heritage Service) as a proposed Natural Heritage Area (NHA); this is an area which is important to the conservation of wildlife and nature. In addition the inner Bay has been nominated by Dúchas, under the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC, for inclusion in a list of proposed Special Areas of Conservation (SAC); for certain natural habitat sites and listed species of flora and fauna. SAC's that contain habitats and species that are in danger of disappearance are given 'priority' status and are subject to a higher level of protection. Map 2 illustrates the extent of the area designated as a proposed NHA in the Clew Bay area and also the area proposed as an SAC.