CLASS B MISDEMEANOR MANUAL SECOND EDITION 1996 North Carolina CriminalJustice Education and Training Standards Commission John Glenn David Cashwell Chairman Director CLASS B MISDEMEANOR MANUAL SECOND EDITION 1996 North Carolina CriminalJustice Education and Training Standards Commission John Glenn David Cashwell Chairman Director LAW LIBRAPV * INTRODUCTION During the 1993 Session of the General Assembly, our legislature enacted new sentencing laws which changed now offenders are sentenced in North Carolina. Tne new laws, primarily based on concepts developed by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission, created a system of structured sentencing in North Carolina designed to he implemented with a comprehensive community corrections plan. The new laws, which reclassified misdemeanors and certain felonies, replaced the Fair Sentencing Act and apply to crimes committed on or after October 1, 1994. Since this new manner of sentencing directly impacted upon the Commission's definitions of "Class A" and "Class B" misdemeanors, modifications to our definitions were needed. Previously the misdemeanor definitions were based upon the punishment level which the offender could have received. Class A misdemeanors were those for which the maximum punishment is less then six months, while Class B misdemeanors encompass those offenses with terms of imprisonment of more than six months but not more than two years. To ensure equitable treatment of criminal justice officer applicants and certified officers, the Commission selected a method of evaluating misdemeanor criminal offenses which did not entail review ofthe punishment levels of each North Carolina offense alone. In essence, the Commission will look at the status of an offense rather than only the maximum possible punishment which could have been imposed. Under the Commission's current rules, those offenses classified as "Class B" misdemeanors will be listed in a manual to be published by the North Carolina Department of Justice and incorporated by reference in its rules. With the exception of most motor vehicle offenses, any misdemeanor not designated as a Class B in this manual will be deemed to be a "Class A" offense. Several sub-committees of the Commission reviewed each misdemeanor under North Carolina law to determine which misdemeanors should be included. These committees, and subsequently the Commission, adopted a general philosophy to guide them in this selection process. Basically, if a misdemeanorwas a general misdemeanor under the old law (maximum punishment of two years) and it was subsequently reclassified as a Class 1 or Class Al misdemeanor under Structured Sentencing, then it was included as a Class B misdemeanor. Generally, if the legislature decreased the severity of a particular misdemeanor by lowering it from a general misdemeanor to a Class 2 or 3 misdemeanor, then that misdemeanor was designated as a Class A. This guideline will ensure consistent treatment of current criminal justice officers and future applicants. However, offenses involving violence, intimidation, or fraud are generally included on the Class B list, since the Commission deems these offenses incompatible with the purpose and responsibilities of the justice profession. In essence, based upon its experience and expertise, the Commission included certain offenses which had not previously been classified as Class B's, and downgraded other offenses which the Commission had determined did not rise to the level of a Class B based upon the above criteria. In conclusion, those misdemeanors specified as Class B misdemeanors are offenses which the Commission views as the most serious and incompatible with membership in the criminal justice A officer profession. Those misdemeanors classified as Class misdemeanors are offenses which, while serious and would be considered by the Commission, do not rise to the level of Class B Misdemeanors. MISDEMEANOR DEFINITION "Misdemeanor" means tkose criminal offenses not classified under tke laws, statutes, or ordinances as felonies. Misdemeanor offenses are classified by the Commission as follows: (a) "Class A Misdemeanor" means an act committed or omitted in violation of any common law, duly enacted ordinance, or criminal statute of this state which is not classified as a Class B Misdemeanor pursuant to subsection21(b) oftkis rule. Class A Misdemeanor also includes any act committed or omitted in violation of any common law, duly enacted ordinance, criminal statute, or criminal traffic code of any jurisdiction other than North Carolina, either civil or military, for wkick the maximum punishment allowable for the designated offense under the laws, statutes, or ordinances of tne jurisdiction in which the offense occurred includes imprisonment for a term of not more than six (6) months. Specifically excluded from this grouping of "Class A Misdemeanor" criminal offenses for jurisdictions other than North Carolina, are motor vehicle or traffic offenses designated as misdemeanors under tne laws of otker jurisdictions, or duly enacted ordinances ofan authorized governmental entity with the A exception of tke offense of impaired driving wkick is expressly included herein as a Class Misdemeanor, if tke offender could kave been sentenced for a term of not more tkan six (6) montks. Also specificallyincluded kerein as a Class AMisdemeanor is tke offense of impaired driving, iftke offenderwas sentencedunderpunishment level tkree [G.S. 20-179(1)], level iour [G.S. 20-179(j)], orlevelfive [G.S. 20-179(k)]. Class A Misdemeanor skall also include acts committedoromittedin NortkCarolina priorto October 1, 1994 inviolation of any common law, duly enacted ordinance or criminal statute, of tkis state for wkick tke maximum puniskment allowable fortbe designatedoffense included imprisonment for a term of not more tkan six months; (b) "Class B Misdemeanor" means an act committed or omitted inviolation of any common law, criminal statute, or criminal traffic code of tkis state wkick is classified as a Class B Misdemeanor as set fortk in tke Class B Misdemeanor manual as pubhshed by tke North Carokna Department of Justice and skall automatically include any later amendments and editions oftke incorporated material as provided by G.S. 150B-21.6. Class B Misdemeanor also includes any act committed or omitted in violation of any common law, duly enacted ordinance, criminal statute, or criminal traffic code of any jurisdiction otker tkan North Carolina, eitker civil or miktary, for wkick tke maximum puniskment allowable for the designated offense under tke laws, statutes, or ordinances of tke jurisdiction in wkick the offenseoccurredincludes imprisonment for a term of more than six (6) months but not more tkantwo (2) years. Specificallyexcludedfromtkis grouping of "Class B Misdemeanor" criminal offenses for jurisdictions otker tkan Nortk Carolina, are motor vekicles or traffic offenses designated as being misdemeanors under tke laws of otker jurisdictions with the iollowing exceptions: Class B Misdemeanor does expressly include, eitker first or subsequent offenses of driving wkileimpairediftkemaximumallowable puniskment is for a term of more tkan six (6) montks but not more tkan two (2) years, and driving wkile kcense permanently revoked or permanentlysuspended. "Class B Misdemeanor" skall also include acts committed or omitted in Nortk Carolina prior to October 1, 1994 in violation of any common law, duly enacted ordinance, criminal statute, or criminal traffic code of tkis state for wkick tke maximum puniskment allowablefortke designatedoffenseincludedimprisonment for a term of more than six (6) montks but not more tkan two (2) years. INSTRUCTIONS This manual sets out each misdemeanor offense designated by the Commission to be a Class B Misdemeanor, along with its corresponding General Statute citation. The first column will indicate where in the General Statutes the substantive orrense is located. If the punishment for this offense is located in a separate statute, this citation will appear in parenthesis adjacent to the title of the offense. The final column, entitled Misdemeanor Class, will indicate the offense level under the Structured Sentencing Act. When an article of a particular chapter is designated as the substantive offense, then any criminal violation 01 a section in that article is included as a Class B. As always, even though an officer or applicant is notfoundguilty ofan offense, the Commission retains the authority to investigate ana proceedon the "commission of offense".