.~1!1',:. The Joan Palevsky .:\ · · . · ·. :·:.:~. . t;~~:Imprint in Classical Literature _______ .< ..; ",>.. \":::.:;;:·:'::'l]~:.,. ____________ ~·:,"' _: ::.'~.. ·: " In honor of beloved Virgil- "O degli altri poeti onore e lume ..." - Dante lnfemo 1 The publisher gratefully acknowledges the generous contributions to this book provided by the Classical Literature Endowment Fund of the University of California Press Foundation, which is supported by a major gift from Joan Palevsky, and by the Indiana University Department of History. City and School in Late Antique Athens and Alexandria THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CLASSICAL HERITAGE Peter Brown, General Editor I Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity, by Sabine G. Maccormack II Synesius of Cyrene: Philosopher-Bishop, by Jay Alan Bregman III Theodosian Empresses: Women and Imperial Dominion in Late Antiquity, by Kenneth G. Hoium IV John Chrysostom and the Jews: Rhetoric and Reality in the Late Fourth Century, by Robert L. Wilken V Biography in Late Antiquity: The Quest for the Holy Man, by Patricia Cox VI Pachomius: The Making of a Community in Fourth-Century Egypt, by Philip Rousseau VII Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries, by A. P. Kazhdan and Ann Wharton Epstein VIII Leadership and Community in Late Antique Gaul, by Raymond Van Dam IX Homer the Theologfon: Neoplatonist AUegorical Reading and the Growth of the Epic Tradition, by Robert Lamberton X Procopius and the Sixth Century, by Averil Cameron XI Guardians of Language: The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity, by Robert A. Kaster XII Civic Coins and Civic Politics in the Roman East, A.D. zBo-275, by Kenneth Harl XIII Holy Women of the Syrian Orient, introduced and translated by Sebastian P. Brock and Susan Ashbrook Harvey XIV Gregory the Great: Perfection in Imperfection, by Carole Straw XV "Apex Omnium ": Religion in the "Res gestae" of Ammianus, by R. L. Rike XVI Dioscorus of Aphrodito: His Work and His World, by Leslie S. B. MacCoull XVII On Roman Time: The Codex-Calendar of3 54 and the Rhythms of Urban Life in Late Antiquity, by Michele Renee Salzman XVIII Asceticism and Society in Crisis: John ofE phesus and "The Lives of the Eastern Saints," by Susan Ashbrook Harvey XIX Barbarians and Politics at the Court of Arcadius, by Alan Cameron and Jacqueline Long, with a contribution by Lee Sherry XX Basil of Caesarea, by Philip Rousseau XXI In Praise of Later Roman Emperors: The Panegyrici Latini, introduction, translation, and historical commentary by C. E. V. Nixon and Barbara Saylor Rodgers XXII Ambrose of Milan: Church and Court in a Christian Capital, by Neil B. McLynn XXIII Public Disputation, Power, and Social Order in Late Antiquity, by Richard Lim XXIV The iYlakingof a Heretic: Gender, Authority, and the Priscillianist ContrmJerS)~ by Virginia Burrus XXV Symeon the Holy Fool: Leontius's "Life" and the Late Antique City, by Derek Krueger XXVI The Shadows ofP oetry': Vergil in the 1\find of Augustine, by Sabine Maccormack XXVII Paulinus of Nola: Life, Letters, and Poems, by Dennis E. Trout XXVIII The Barbarian Plain: Saint Sergius between Rome and Iran, by Elizabeth Key Fowden XXIX The Private Orations of Thernistius, translated, annotated, and introduced by Robert]. Penella XXX The Memory of the Eyes: Pilgrims to Living Saints in Christian Late Antiquity, by Georgia Frank XXXI Greek Biography and Panegyric in Late Antiquity, edited by Tomas Hagg and Philip Rousseau XXXII Subtle Bodies: Representing Angels in Byzantium, by Glenn Peers XXXIII Wandering, Begging Monks: Social Order and the Promotion of Monasticism in Late Antiquity, by Daniel Folger Caner XXXIV Failure ofE mpire: Valens and the Roman State in the Fourth Century A.D., by Noel Lenski XXXV Merovingian Mortuary' Archaeolog)' and the Making of the Early Middle Ages, by Bonnie Effros XXXVI Q~ayr :Arnra: Art and the UmayyadElite in Late Antique S)1ria, by Garth Fowden XXXVII Holy Bishops in Late Antiquit; The Nature of Christian Leadership in an 1: Age of Transition, by Claudia Rapp XXXVIII Encountering the Sacred: The Debate on Christian Pilgrimage in Late Antiquity, by Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony XXXIX There ls No Crime for Those Who Ha·oe Christ: Religfous Violence in the Christian Roman Empire, by Michael Gaddis XL The Legend of Mar Qardagh: Narratfoe and Christian Heroism in Late Antique Iraq, by Joel Thomas Walker J. XLI City and School in Late Antique Athens and Alexandria, by Edward Watts XLII Scenting Salvation: Ancient Christianity and the Olfactory Imagination, by Susan Ashbrook Harvey BLANK PAGE City and School in Late Antique Athens and Alexandria J. Edward Watts UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley Los Angeles London University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from indiviauals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 200~ by The Regents of the University of California First paperback printing 2008 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Watts, Edward, 1975-. City and school in late antique Athens and Alexandria / Edward Watts. p. cm. - (The transformation of the classical heritage) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-520-25816-7 (pbk.: alk. paper) I. Education-Greece-Athens-History-To 1500. 2. Education-Egypt-Alexandria-History-To 1500. 3. Athens (Greece)-Intellectual life. 4. Alexandria (Egypt) Intellectual life. 5. Rome-History-Empire, 30 B.c.-47 6 A.D. I. Title. II. Series. LA75.W38 2006 370'.0938-dc22 2005005830 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO z39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Perrnanence ofP aper). ToManasi ... 'A,/.... I \ ',/.... I \ ' I ,/.... \ "" n'{JEVTES Ta €\fJYJfLEpa, TOV aiwvwv '{Jt/\WfLEV. JOHN CHRYSOSTOM, Expositiones in Psalmos 55.r64.55-57 BLANK PAGE