Super Simple Science You Can Snack On CH E M ISTRY You Can CHOMP JESSIE ALKIRE Consulting Editor, Diane Craig, MA/Reading Specialist ABDOBOOKS.COM Published by Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO, PO Box 398166, Minneapolis, TO ADULT HELPERS Minnesota 55439. Copyright © 2019 by Abdo Consulting Group, Inc. International copyrights reserved in all countries. No part of this book may be reproduced in The projects in this book any form without written permission from the publisher. Super SandCastle™ is a trademark and logo of Abdo Publishing. are fun and simple. There Printed in the United States of America, North Mankato, Minnesota are just a few things to 102018 012019 remember to keep kids safe. Some projects require the use of sharp or hot Design: Emily O’Malley, Mighty Media, Inc. Production: Mighty Media, Inc. objects. Also, kids may be Editor: Liz Salzmann Cover Photographs: Mighty Media, Inc.; Shutterstock using messy ingredients. Interior Photographs: Mighty Media, Inc.; Shutterstock; Wellcome Collection Make sure they protect The following manufacturers/names appearing in this book are trademarks: Argo®, their clothes and work Arm & Hammer™, C&H®, Clear Value®, Essential Everyday®, Gold Emblem™, Knox®, Morton®, Old Home®, Pyrex®, Reynolds®, Cut-Rite®, Skittles®, Target® surfaces. Review the Library of Congress Control Number: 2018948855 projects before starting, Publisher's Cataloging-in-Publication Data and be ready to assist Names: Alkire, Jessie, author. Title: Chemistry you can chomp / by Jessie Alkire. when necessary. Description: Minneapolis, Minnesota : Abdo Publishing, 2019 | Series: Super simple science you can snack on Identifiers: ISBN 9781532117237 (lib. bdg.) | ISBN 9781532170096 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Chemistry--Juvenile literature. | Cooking--Juvenile KEY SYMBOLS literature. | Science--Experiments--Juvenile literature. | Gastronomy--Juvenile literature. Watch for these warning symbols in Classification: DDC 641.0--dc23 this book. Here is what they mean. Super SandCastle™ books are created by a team of professional educators, reading specialists, and content developers around five essential components—phonemic Hot! awareness, phonics, vocabulary, text comprehension, and fluency—to assist young readers as they develop reading skills and strategies and increase their general You will be working with knowledge. All books are written, reviewed, and leveled for guided reading and something hot. Get help! early reading intervention programs for use in shared, guided, and independent reading and writing activities to support a balanced approach to literacy sharp! instruction. You will be working with something sharp. Get help! What Is Chemistry? 4 Chemistry Today 6 S Chemistry Snacks 8 Ingredients & Tools 10 T Atomic Pizza 12 N Hot Chocolate Solution 14 Fizzing Lemonade 16 E Endothermic Slushy 18 T Marshmallow Magic 20 N Osmosis Gummy Bears 24 Candy Chromatography 26 O Conclusion 30 Quiz 31 C Glossary 32 WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Chemistry is the study of matter. All matter is made of atoms. The center of an atom is the nucleus. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons. Electrons move around the nucleus. nucleus electron proton neutron 4 Chemists are scientists who study the properties of matter. They also study how different types of matter and energy react to each other. Chemical reactions occur around us every day. They happen in everything from cooking to medicine. Studying chemistry can help us understand our world and the things in it. Irish scientist Robert Boyle is often called the first modern chemist. He lived in the 1600s. 5 CHEMISTRY TODAY Today, chemistry is important to many industries. These include energy, entertainment, and health care. Here are examples of the way chemistry is used in each of these industries. NUCLEAR FISSION Nuclear fission is the process of breaking a nucleus apart. This creates nuclear energy. Nuclear energy can power and heat homes and businesses! Nuclear power is created in large power plants. 6 LCD SCREENS LCD stands for liquid crystal display. LCD screens are used in televisions, cell phones, and more. In an LCD, electricity is applied to liquid crystals. The electric current changes the colors LCD screens come in many sizes. shown on the screen. 3-D PRINTING 3-D printers can print 3-D objects. Scientists use chemistry to create the plastic and other substances used by 3-D printers to make objects. Dentists can use 3-d Printers to make clear braces for straightening teeth. 7 CHEMISTRY SNACKS You can learn a lot about chemistry by making the fun snacks in this book! GET READY * Ask an adult for permission to use kitchen tools and ingredients. * Read the snack’s list of tools and ingredients. Make sure you have everything you need. * Does a snack require ingredients you don’t like? Get creative! Find other ingredients you enjoy instead. 8