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Printed in China 1 2 34 5 6 714 13 12 1110 Main–Group Elements Atomic number 86 [222] Atomic weight 1 Symbol Rn I A Name radon 1 1.00794 1 H 2 II A hydrogen 3 [6.941] 4 9.012182 2 Li Be Transition Metals lithium beryllium 1122.98976928 12 24.3050 9 3 Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 VIII B III B IV B V B VI B VII B sodium magnesium d 19 39.0983 20 40.078 21 44.955912 22 47.867 23 50.9415 24 51.9961 25 54.938045 26 55.845 27 58.933195 o ri 4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co e P potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt 37 85.4678 38 87.62 39 88.90585 40 91.224 41 92.90638 42 95.96 43 [98] 44 101.07 45 102.90550 5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium 55132.9054519 56 137.327 57–71 72 178.49 73 180.94788 74 183.84 75 186.207 76 190.23 77 192.217 6 Cs Ba * Hf Ta W Re Os Ir cesium barium lanthanoids hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium 87 [223] 88 [226] 89–103 104 [261]105 [262]106 [266] 107 [264] 108 [277] 109 [268] † 7 Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt francium radium actinoids rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium 57 138.90547 58 140.116 59 140.90765 60 144.242 61 [145] 62 150.36 *Lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium 89 [227] 90 232.03806 91 231.03588 92 238.02891 93 [237] 94 [244] † Actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium vi Main–Group Elements Color Key 18 alkali metals alkaline earth metals VIII A transition metals inner-transition metals 2 4.002602 metalloids 13 14 15 16 17 He other metals other non-metals III A IV A V A VI A VII A helium halogens noble gases 5 10.811 6 12.0107 7 14.0067 8 15.9994 9 18.9984032 10 20.1797 under review B C N O F Ne not yet discovered boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon 13 26.9815386 14 28.085515 30.973762 16 32.065 17 35.453 18 39.948 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar I B II B aluminum silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon 28 58.6934 29 63.546 30 65.38 31 69.723 32 72.64 33 74.92160 34 78.96 35 79.904 36 83.798 Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton 46 106.42 47 107.8682 48 112.411 49 114.818 50 118.710 51 121.760 52 127.60 53 126.90447 54 131.293 Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon 78 195.084 79 196.966569 80 200.59 81 204.3833 82 207.2 83 208.98040 84 [209] 85 [210] 86 [222] Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon 110 [271] 111 [272] 112 [285] 113 [284] 114 [289] 115 [288] 116 [293] 117 118 [294] Ds Rg Cn Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium ununtrium ununquadium ununpentium ununhexium ununseptium ununoctium Inner–Transition Metals 63 151.964 64 157.25 65 158.92535 66 162.500 67 164.93032 68 167.259 69 168.93421 70 173.054 71 174.9668 Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium 95 [243] 96 [247] 97 [247] 98 [251] 99 [252] 100 [257] 101 [258] 102 [259] 103 [262] Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium vii Contents Contents: Elements by Atomic Number xv Contents: Elements by Family Group xix Reader’s Guide xxv Timeline: The Discovery of Elements xxxi Words to Know xli Actinium(Ac) 1 Aluminum(Al) 5 Americium (Am) 15 Antimony (Sb) 19 Argon (Ar) 25 Arsenic(As) 31 Astatine (At) 39 Barium (Ba) 43 Berkelium (Bk) 49 Beryllium (Be) 53 Bismuth(Bi) 59 Bohrium (Bh) See Transfermium elements, volume 3, p. 627 Boron (B) 65 Bromine (Br) 73 Cadmium (Cd) 79 Calcium(Ca) 85 ix