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Challenging Interdisciplinary Science Experiements Volume 2 Tasks of the European Union Science Opympiads 2008-2012 PDF

386 Pages·2013·44.576 MB·English
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Preview Challenging Interdisciplinary Science Experiements Volume 2 Tasks of the European Union Science Opympiads 2008-2012

EUmJ 2 StefPaent er&s Meinc haAe.C lo tt(eErd s.) II\ ""C .,, 0.. ... E TheE uropeaUnn ionS cienOcley mpia(dE USOi)s a uniqumeu,l tidiscipplriancatriyc,a l­ � basetde amc ompetitiinot nh en atursacli encIetws a.s d evelopteodp roviydoeu ngs tu­ 0 ChallengIinntge rdisciplinary dentwsi tha no pportuntiotm ye etw itht heiErU counterpoafra t ssi milaagrea ndw ith Cl.I u a commoni nterienss tc iencTeh.r ougthh eE USOt heya rep rovidweidt ha platfotrom c Cl.I ScienEcxep eriments worki nt eamso ft hreteo s olvree levant scienceo fpt rhoebitlrie mmeas n dt od isplay u their sciceanptaibfiilci ties. VI c Eachy eari ns prinsgi xteen-yeasrt-uodlednf trso ma crostsh eE U gathefro ro new eek 0 Volum2 e c tot estth eisrk ililnbs i ologcyh,e mistarnyd p hysicTsh.i bso okc ontaitnhse t askpsr e­ ::::> Taslo<fts h eE uropeUanni oSnc ienOcley mpiads 2008 2012. senteidn t hef ivOel ympiaodfst hey ears to Thei nterdiscipnlaitnuarrey c oft het askmsa kest hema ppealifnogru sei nt hes cienlcaeb oratoorfit ehses chools nsQ.I 2008- 2012 oft odayT.h eb ookw ilall ssoe rvaes a valuabrlees ourocfei nteresatnidnc gh allenging 0.. 0 experimefnotrys o ungs cienteivsetrsy where. ... ::::s w Thivso lumec ontaisnusc hd ivertsoep icasse nergfyr oml ighsti,l fkr,u jiuti cwea,t er, Q.I crimien vestigabteieorln,e, n seasm,b era nds paceex ploratIinoa nd.d ititoona detailed ..c ..... descripotfito hnee xperimenitnsc,l udail nigso tft hen ecessaerqyu ipmentth,ib so oka lso - 0 providmeosd ela nswertsot het asks. 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Q) � He lecturienTd e acheErd ucatiDounb liann di nD ubliCni tUyn ivers(iDtCyU )H.e served Q) asC hairmaonft heD ublin InsotfiT tecuhtneo lo(gDy ITa)n da sa membero ft heH igher lo-' Q) 1994 a.. Education Aut(hHoErAio)tf Iy r elaInnd . hee stablisthheeId r iSschi enOcley mpiad whicshe lecatnsdt raisntsu denttors e presIernetl aanttd h eI BO,I ChOI,P hOI,O Ia ndt he V'I IJSO. � SPONSOREDBYTHE � 11 -'D. FedeMrianli stry WAXMANN W IofE d ucation WAXMANN ''111'!1 !,�'";'°'"'""''"''' anRde search anMdat hemticasE ducation 911873 8 139 13 0 2 4 2 0 NICOSIA GOTHENBIJRG ChallengIinntge rdisciplinary ScienEcxep eriments StefaPne ters&e Mni chaeA.lC otte(rE ds.) ChallengIinntge rdisciplinary ScienEcxep eriments Volum2e Taslo<fst heE uropeaUnn ioSnc ienOcley mpiads 2008- 2012 Waxmann2 015 MunsteNre wI Y ork Bibliograipnhfoircm atipounb lishbeydd i eD eutscNhaet ionalbibliothek DieD eutscNhaet ionalbiblliisottthship esuk b licaitnit ohne DeutscNhaeti onalbiblidoegtraaifbliieebd;l iaopghridca ta area vailaibntl heei nteranteh tt tp://dnb.d-nb.de. ISBN9 78--83309-3242-0 © WaxmannV erlGamgb H,2 015 SteinfuSrttrear5!S 5e5 ,4 8159M unster, Germany WaxmannP ublhiisnCgo . P.0 .B ox1 318N,e w YorkN,Y 10028U,. S.A . www.waxmann.com [email protected] CoveDre sigIn L ayouVte:r enHaa neI S onjDai erk SettiInPgN-: LeibnIinzs tiftouSrtce i enacned M athematEidcusc atiGoenr,m any PrinTte:s inTsksiak arnAa.,S .C,e skTye sin Czech Republic PhotoFso:t oliap..c2o©2m i:v aknm itp,. 2©3 alessandropz.o3©c0c P.e teHre rmeFsu rian, p.3©1 LianepM.,3 2© :F otFol arIe© Ian2 010I © Vilapr.,8© 9 AfricSat udipo.,9© 2 siamphoto, p.10©3 i magedb.cp.o1m2,4© DmitryK norrpe.,1 1©5 IriUnkar ainpe.t1s1,©7 logos2012, p.14©6 Mechanipk.,1 5©1V olkZer,p .16A8f riSctau dipo.,1 6©9 a kfp,. 18©1 :c owboy54I3 7 © MartinBae rIg© ryzhk_osvereygI © PefkIo©s engabiIt©o n auanan7I2©6 S ergeLya vrenIt ev MichaAld amczyIk© Soh appyp,. 182©:S tefaTnh iermayIe©r M arcT outaIi©n T ommyW in­d eckerp.,1 9©8 maksymowipc.z2,3© 1 VRD,p. 266© TobiaAsr helgpe.r2,9© 7 lculpi.g3,5© 9 HitToon.com Othesro urcEeUsS:O p,. 15A5d aptefdr ohmt tp://commons.wirkgi/mweidkiia/.Foile:Microvelialn­ diajpbgyL .S hyamuanld eCrC B Y-SA2 .5p..,2 6A9d aptefdr omh up://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File: Venaiotn_of_in_sweicnt.gsvbgy B ugboy52u.n4d0e CrC BY-S3A. 0p,. 27A0d aptefdr omh up:// www.dipteristsfo.ruuk/mw.iokig/rlgoss:wairyngusn deCrC B Y-NC-2S.A0 p,. 27P0a rtiaadlalpyt ed fromh up://weink.i pedia.oArrgsi/tw_a(iinksie/c_ atnatomy) Alrli ghrtess ervNeod p.a rotf t hipsu blicamtaiyob ne r eproducsetdo,r iend ar etriseyvsalt eomrt ransmiitnta endyf ormo rb ya nym eanse,l ectronic, electrosmtaagtniectt,ia cp em,e chanicpahloot,c opyirnegc,o rdoirn g otherwise wpietrhmoiusts iinwo rni tifnrgo mt hec opyrihgohltd er. 4 .. CONTENTS 7 Preface Introdutcott ihoEenu ropeUanni oSnc ienOcley mpiad 9 Briehfi story 12 Genersatlr uctoufrt eh ec ompetition GthE uropeUanni oSnc ienOcley mpiianN dic osCiyap,r us � 20 Overvi(eLwo ctaela mm,e dalasn dr esults) ·\Ill A 22 Task (Enerfgyr oLmi ghwti)t ha nswesrh eet 57 TasBk (LigEhnte rgyw)i tha nswesrh eet 81 Lisotfp articipants 7tEh uropeUanni oSnc ienOcley mpiianM dur ciSap,a in 86 Overvi(eLwo ctaela mm,e dalasn dr esults) A 88 Task (Fibrweist)ha nswesrh eet 115 TasBk (Frujiuti,ca ensdf oodw)i tha nswesrh eet 140 Lisotfp articipants gthE uropeUanni oSnc ienOcley mpiianG dot henburg, Sweden 144 Overvi(eLwo ctaela mm,e dalasn dr esults) A 146 Task (Watewri)t ha nswesrh eet 168 TasBk (CriSmcee nIen vestigwaittiohan n)s wesrh eet 192 Lisotfp articipants 9thE uropeUanni oSnc ienOcley mpiian dP arduCbzieccRehe, p ublic 196 Overvie(Lwo ctaela mm,e dalasn dr esults) TasAk (Alalb oubte erw)i tha nswesrh eet 198 231 TasBk (Lensneosto, n lcyo ntaocnte sw)i tha nswesrh eet 259 Lisotfp articipants 10tEh uropeUanni oSnc ience OliynV milpniiLauisdt, h uania 264 Overvi(eLwo ctaela mm,e dalasn dr esults) A 266 Task (Ambewri) tha nswesrh eet 297 TasBk (SpaEcxep lorawtiiotnha) n swesrh eet 330 Lisotfp articipants Appendix EUSOr esults 334 EUSOi mpressions 346 NationEaUlS Os elections 351 .. Preface Thibso okc ontatihnest enm ultidisciipnltiengarrasytc eide ntcaes kpse rformbeyd thef inalaitst thse2 008-2012E uropean USnciioenn Ocley mpia(dEsU SOS)t.u ­ dentcsar rieodu tt hee xperimeinntt esa mcson sistoifnt gh resec ienecxep eretasc h. Thestea skwse red evelopbeyds cientiasntdts e achefrrso mu niversictoilelse,g es ands chooilnsa nda rounNdi cosCiyap,r uMsu;r ciSap,a in; Gothenburg, Sweden; PardiucbeC,z ecRhe publaincdV ilnius, LiTthheuyca ovneiras .u cdhi vertsoep si c ase nergyf roml ighsti,lfr ku,i jtu icper,o pertoifwe ast ecrir,m ei nvestigbaeteiro,n , lenseasm,b era nds paceex ploratIinao dnd.i titooan d etaidleeds cripotfit ohne experimecnartrsi eodu ti nt het askisn,c ludai lnigso tft hen eecssaeryq uipment, thibso oka lspor ovidtehsea nswesrh eetasn dm odeslo lutions. We belietvhea tth ibso okw ilble a valuabrlees ouer fcors tudenttesa,c herre­s, searchaenrdps e oplien volvientd h eo rganizaotfoi tohne Orl ympiabdysp roviding challenignitnegr discispcliiennaecrxeyp erimetnhtacst ov err elevaanndtm otivat­ ingt opics. Idealelayc,eh x perimsehnotu lbde p erformbeyda t eamo fa tl eatshtr eset udents havinsgo mee xpertiinsb ei olocgyh,e mistarnydp hysicTsh.eE USOs tudenatlsl, sixteyeena rosfa geo ry oungepre,r formtehde seex perimeinntt esa mosf t hree, undesrt riecxta minatcionodni tiaonndi nl estsh afno uhro urTsh.e s coreasc heived arer ecordientd h er especcthiavpet emrask,i nigtp ossifboloret hesrt udenwthso underttahkees tea sktsoc omparteh emselwvietsth h eb esyto unsgc ience students withitnh eE uropeUanni on. We woulldi kteot akteh iosp portuntioet xyp reosusrw arma nds incetrhea nktso altlh ea cademictse,a cheanrdst echniacsasslit anltiss,t uendd e"rL ocTaela mw"h o spenlto nhgo urpsu ttitnhge se tasktso getheHra.v inpga i­ns takinagnldyo vera lonpge riod oft imec onstrucatnedtd e sted eactha stkh,e a uthoprrse sented themt ot heE USOm entowrhso examined, insdpisescetcetde,d andc hanged eoafct hh emt o > ensurteh eisru itayb ialnidat p­ propriatefnoerts hseE USOs tu­ dentTsh.e t askpsr esenhteerde aret hef inaolu tcomoef t his lonpgr ocess. 7 TheE USOc oulndo tt akpel acwei thotuhte g enerosuusp poorftm inistruineis­, versitsipeosn,s ovrosl,u nteaesrw se,l als m anyo thertsow hom we expreosusr grattuideW.e wouladl seos pecilailklteyot hantkh ed igimteadli dae signMerrss. SonjDai erakn dM rsV.e renHaa nea tt heL eibnIinzs titfuotSrec ienacned M athe­ matiEcdsu cat(iIoPnN a)tt heU niversoifKt iye wlh,o w orketdi reletsocs olmyp lete thibso oko nt imaes w elals t heo rganizoeftr hseE USOs20 08-201f2o ard ditional materainadlf incaolr rectiTohnefis n.a nciaanldi nfrastruscutpuproaprlrt o vided byI PNa ndt heF ederMailn istoryfE ducatiaonndR esearicnhG ermaniys a lso recognized. Volum3e o ft hisse riceosn taintihnetg e ne xperimefnrtosmE USO2 013-201i7 s alreaidnpy r eparation. StefPaent er&s Meinc haAe.Cl o tter

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