E d Challenges ito r A: s k a and Innovations r Z h u s s u in Geotechnics p b e k o v Challenges and Innovations in Geotechnics is a collections of papers presented i C n h at the Eighth Asian Young Geotechnical Engineering Conference (8AYGEC, Astana, G a Kazakhstan, 5-7 August 2016), and covers various aspects the areas of soil mechanics e l and geotechnical engineering. The book contains special and keynote lectures and o le contributions on a wide range of topics in geotechnical engineering and construction: te n c g (1) Laboratory and Field Testing h e (2) Foundation and Underground Structure n s (3) Ground Improvement ic an (4) Earthquake and Environment s d (5) Numerical and Analytical Modeling I n (6) Advanced Soil Mechanics n (7) Historical Sites o v a Challenges and Innovations in Geotechnics was published under the auspices of t i the ISSMGE TC-305 ‘Geotechnical Infrastructures for Megacities and New Capitals’, o and reflects the present and future state of geotechnical engineering. The book will n s be extremely useful to geoengineers and researchers in the abovementioned areas. Editor: Askar Zhussupbekov an informa business CHALLENGESANDINNOVATIONSINGEOTECHNICS PROCEEDINGSOFTHE8THASIANYOUNGGEOTECHNICALENGINEERSCONFERENCE, ASTANA,KAZAKHSTAN,AUGUST5–7,2016 Challenges and Innovations in Geotechnics Editor Askar Zhussupbekov KazakhstanGeotechnicalSociety,Astana,Kazakhstan CoverIllustration BayterekTowerinAstana,symbolofKazakhstan Copyright:TropininaOlga Courtesyofwww.shutterstock.com CRCPress/BalkemaisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2016Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,UK TypesetbyMPSLimited,Chennai,India PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyCPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationortheinformationcontainedhereinmaybe reproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronic,mechanical,byphotocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutwrittenprior permissionfromthepublishers. Althoughallcareistakentoensureintegrityandthequalityofthispublicationandthe informationherein,noresponsibilityisassumedbythepublishersnortheauthorforany damagetothepropertyorpersonsasaresultofoperationoruseofthispublication and/ortheinformationcontainedherein. Publishedby: CRCPress/Balkema P.O.Box11320,2301EHLeiden,TheNetherlands e-mail:[email protected] www.crcpress.com–www.taylorandfrancis.com ISBN:978-1-138-03007-7(Hbk) ISBN:978-1-4987-9974-4(eBookPDF) ChallengesandInnovationsinGeotechnics–Zhussupbekov(Ed.) ©2016Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN978-1-138-03007-7 Table of contents Preface IX Conferenceorganizers XI Supportingorganizations XIII SpecialLecturers Futurechallengesforgeotechnicalengineers(amorecontractororientatedperspective) 3 W.Sondermann&C.Kummerer Reconnaissanceinandfindingsfromthe2016KumamotoearthquakeinJapan 9 I.Towhata KeynoteLecturers Applicationofgeosyntheticsincivilengineersprojects 15 E.C.Shin,M.K.Jung&J.K.Kang ProblemsofSyrianhistoricalmonuments,destroyedbymilitaryaction:Diagnostics, strengtheningandreconstruction 21 T.Awwad Geotechnicalandconstructionconsiderationsofpilefoundationsinproblematicalsoils 27 A.Zh.Zhussupbekov&A.R.Omarov OninterimresultsofsandproductionresearchinweaksandstoneformationsinKazakhstan 33 J.R.Kim&M.H.Nguyen Laboratoryandfieldtesting(TS1) Centrifugeapplicationsinmicropilefoundations 41 A.Alnuaim,M.H.ElNaggar&H.ElNaggar Analyzingofsoilgroundtofrostheavingofstructures 47 Z.Shakhmov,A.Tleubayeva,E.Smagulova,L.Utepbergenova,Y.Togabayev&D.Bazarbayev AdvantagesofthepilestestingmethodsaccordingtotheUSAstandards 51 A.S.Tulebekova,N.T.Alibekova,I.T.Zhumadilov&G.R.Alipbayeva Measuredtemperatureandmoisturedistributioninthesubgradeofthe“Almaty-Bishkek”highway 57 A.Nugmanova&B.Teltayev Researchofthemechanicalpropertiesofsoilbasisbyanequivalentmaterial 61 B.Kaldanova,G.Zhukenova,A.Zh.Zhussupbekov,Y.Muzdybayev, T.Muzdybayeva&B.Dosmukhambetova Evaluationofwindpowerunitreliabilityaccordingtotheresultsoffieldstudiesonthe exampleofEreymentauwindpowerstation 65 D.K.Orazova,A.Zh.Zhussupbekov,R.E.Lukpanov&S.B.Yenkebayev Influenceofblowenergyofthehammeronthebearingcapacityofpilesduringdynamictesting 71 R.E.Lukpanov,D.V.Tsigulyov,S.B.Yenkebayev&D.T.Askarov Foundationandundergroundstructure(TS2) Acasestudyonzonedexcavationofalargefoundationpitinproximitytoexistingtunnels 77 Q.Li,Z.H.Xu,J.Li&X.J.Wang V Reliabilityevaluationofthebearingcapacityofanodularcast-in-placeconcretepile 83 K.Watanabe,A.Mitsumori,H.Nishioka&M.Koda Comparativeanalysisofallowableloadcarryingcapacityoflaterallyloadedpiles 89 F.N.Sheikh,A.A.Gill,T.Masood&M.Irfan Mid-tunnelundergrounddockingoftunnelboringmachinesinSingapore 93 G.T.Senthilnath Reliabilityanalysisofpiledrivingformulaforconcretedrivenpilesinstiffsoillayer: CasestudyinChiangMaiprovince 99 S.Thongmunee&A.Thongchai Two-lanevehicleunderpassusingpiperoofmethodatSentosaGatewayTunnel 105 S.C.Teo,T.G.Ng,I.Yogarajah,K.X.Woon&H.P.Dang Analysisofpilefoundationbehavioronmodernandancientclaybases 111 A.B.Ponomaryov&E.N.Sychkina Stressstrainbehaviourofurbanroadwithundergroundcommunicationstructure 115 K.Tileu&B.Teltayev Developmentofareinforcedconcretefoundationsystemforrenewableenergystorage usingcompressedairtechnology 119 A.Sabirova,D.Zhang,J.Kim,M.Nguyen&C.-S.Shon Prospectsofusinganinnovativecrushedstone(lightweight,solid,heat-insulating)andan aggregateforconcretestructuresaswellasinthebuildingprocessoftheundergroundpart 123 A.Montayeva Theanalysisofthepilingtestsonconstructionsite“Thefutureofthefreecountry” 127 A.R.Omarov,A.Zh.Zhussupbekov,A.D.Tulegulov,G.A.Zhukenova&G.K.Tanyrbergenova Thepileanchorbasewithuseoftheextendingmixes 131 G.G.Kamshibaev,L.V.Gorshkova&K.T.Sakanov Groundimprovement(TS3) Roleofconsideringnon-constantsoilthermalparametersinthesimulationofgeothermal heatstoragesystemsinthevadosezone 137 T.Bas¸er,Y.Dong,N.Lu&J.S.McCartney Strengtheningofpilefoundationunderdynamicloadsbyhigh-pressureinjection 143 M.L.Nuzhdin&L.V.Nuzhdin Newdesignsofthecombinedtapebasesprovidingfulleruseofthebearingabilityofthebasis 147 T.A.Krakhmal’ny,S.I.Evtushenko&M.P.Krakhmal’naya Propertiesofcollapsiblesoil—acasestudy 151 A.Zhakulina,Y.Akhmetov,A.Akhmetov&A.Zhakulin Improvementofsoftsoilcharacteristicsthroughapplicationofdryconcretemixpillars 155 T.Tronda Laboratorymodelingofsoildamreinforcedbygeosyntheticmaterial 159 R.E.Lukpanov Estimationofliquefactionpotential:AcasestudyinSanFrancisco,California 163 A.Mussa,E.Satekenova,D.Zhang,S.Thiyyakkandi&J.R.Kim Earthquakeandenvironment(TS4) Seismicbearingcapacityoffootingsinc-φsoilbyusinganon-associatedflowrule 169 D.Chakraborty Applicationoflocalbentoniteasbufferandbackfillmaterialinlow-levelradioactivewaste disposalfacility 175 F.Teng VI Geotechnicalapproachesontheseismicriskassessmentforarchitecturalheritagesathistorical sitesusingfieldandcentrifugetests 179 H.-J.Park&D.-S.Kim LiquefactionsusceptibilityanalysisbasedonSPTandmicrotremor 183 N.Shrestha&S.K.Jha FoundationsonartificialbasesstabilizedbyVerticalArmo-Elements(VAE)witha seismic-protectivedampinglayer 187 Z.A.Khasanov,A.Z.Khasanov&I.I.Usmankhodjaev Monitoringandprotectionofthefoundationsofbuildingsofdangerousproductionplantson seasonallyheavingground 191 S.A.Kudryavtsev,V.V.Kogay,A.A.Moldazhanova,I.V.Shestakov&A.V.Kazharzkii HazardousgeologicalprocessesintheNorthernSikhote-Alin 197 S.Kvashuk,P.Iazvenko&V.Iazvenko Numericalandanalyticalmodeling(TS5) Three-dimensionalfiniteelementanalysisforstabilizingpilesusedinhomogeneousslopes 205 I.-H.Ho Numericalsimulationfortheestimationthejackingforceinpipejacking 211 J.Yen&K.Shou Applicationof3-Dstaticanalysisprogramforresidualdeformationduetoliquefaction 217 Y.Tadano,H.Uno&A.Tateishi Evaluationofdamagemorphologyinthree-hingeprecastarchculvertbasedonshaking tabletestsandnumericalanalyses 221 Y.Sawamura,K.Kishida,M.Kimura&H.Ishihara Numericalstudyonelectricalresistivitytomographyforpredictionofanomalyinmechanized tunnellingjob-sites 227 K.-H.Lee&I.-M.Lee Analysisofefficiencyoffiberreinforcedsandasabackfillofretainingwalls 233 A.S.Grishina&A.B.Ponomaryov Mathematicalmodelingofmassifstatearoundthemountainroadslopesandhighlandpit 237 S.Zh.Kuvakov,K.Ch.Kozhogulov&G.Dz.Kabaeva Finiteelementanalysisofdeepexcavation:Acasestudyofundergroundparkingunderneath RusselSquare,London 241 K.Bekish,A.Ulykbanov,T.Mukashev,Y.Serik,M.Nguyen&J.Kim Analysisofexcavation-inducedgroundmovementsinurbanareas 247 C.Hung ComparisonanalysisoffeaturesinEurocodeandKazakhstannormsrequirements 251 A.Zh.Zhussupbekov,A.S.Tulebekova,R.Lukpanov&I.T.Zhumadilov Stabilizationofstrainmoundroadtopartiallythawingpermafrostbaseusinggeocells 257 N.V.Kushnareva,D.O.Grigoriev&S.A.Kudryavtsev Advancedsoilmechanics(TS6) Long-termdurabilityofsoil-bentonitecutoffwallsusedforcontainmentofgroundcontamination 263 A.Takai,T.Katsumi,T.Inui,M.Kamon&S.Araki Strengthanddeformationcharacteristicsofsand-geosyntheticinterfacesthroughdigital imageanalysis 269 P.Vangla&M.L.Gali Analysisofstress-strainstateofanisotropicsoilbasement 277 L.V.Nuzhdin&K.V.Pavlyuk VII Theuseofexpressmethodfordeterminingthemodulusofdeformationoffillsoil 283 A.B.Ponomaryov&S.A.Sazonova Experimentalresearchofdeformedstateofuniformsoilmassifdependingonthestepofbarretts 287 K.Y.Stepanischev,P.V.Buryak,D.A.Vnukov&F.F.Zekhniev Estimationofrailwayballastandsubballastbearingcapacityintermsof300kNaxle loadtrainoperation 291 A.F.Kolos&A.A.Konon Historicalsites(TS7) Therehabilitationofhistoricbuildings—casestudyAl-ThakanaAl-HamidiehinSyria 297 L.Awwad,N.Rahme&T.Awwad Engineering-geologicalconditionsandanalysisofdeformationofhistoricalmonuments inKazakhstan 303 A.Z.Issina,S.Sh.Sadykova,Zh.S.Bisenova&A.S.Temirova Strengtheningofhydraulicstructuresonunderminedterritories 307 A.K.Aldungarova,M.K.Kuderin&V.A.Kozionov Authorindex 311 VIII ChallengesandInnovationsinGeotechnics–Zhussupbekov(Ed.) ©2016Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN978-1-138-03007-7 Preface The8thAsianYoungGeotechnicalEngineersConference(8AYGEC)isorganizedbytheKazakhstanGeotech- nicalSociety(KGS)underthejointauspicesoftheInternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsandGeotechnical Engineering(ISSMGE)andArchitectureandConstructionFaculty,theGumilyovEurasianNationalUniversity andSchoolofEngineering,NazarbayevUniversity,Kazakhstan.Thisconferenceistheeighthintheseriesfol- lowingthefirstinBangkok(1991),thesecondinSingapore(1994),thethirdinSingapore(1997),thefourthin Seoul(2001),thefifthinTaipei(2004),thesixthinBangalore(2008)andtheseventhinTokushima(2012).This conferenceaimsatprovidinginteractivepossibilityfortheyounggeotechnicalengineersfromAsianregionsof ISSMGE. AlltheAsianmembersocietiesofISSMGEwereinvitedtonominatetwoeachormoregeotechnicalengineers and/orresearchersundertheageof35years.Thenomineeswereexpectedtosubmitwrittenpapersandtopresent asoralspeakerstheirresearchworksattheconference.About50engineersandresearcherswerenominated by 14 societies inAsia, 3 societies in Europe and one society from United States ofAmerica. By this time, thenomineesweresentfromgeotechnicalsocietiesofBelorussia,China,India,Germany,Japan,Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,Nepal,Pakistan,Russia,SaudiArabia,Singapore,SouthKorea,Syria,Taiwan,Tajikistan,USAand Uzbekistan.TheacceptedpaperscovertheareasofLaboratoryandFieldTesting,FoundationandUnderground Structure,GroundImprovement,EarthquakeandEnvironment,NumericalandAnalyticalModeling,Advanced SoilMechanicsandHistoricalSites. The general theme of the 8AYGEC has been set as Challenges and Innovations in Geotechnics, which is relatedtoTC305ofISSMGE“Geotechnicalinfrastructureformegacitiesandnewcapitals”. OnbehalfoftheOrganizingCommitteeIwouldliketothanktheScientificCommitteeandtheInternational AdvisoryCommitteefortheirgreatcontributionsinmakingthisconferenceasuccess.Wewouldparticularly liketothankProfessorIkuoTowhata,theVice-PresidentforAsia;Mr.ShigeoKatsu,thePresidentofNazarbayev UniversityandProfessorAsemgulMoldazhanova,ViceRectorofEurasianNationalUniversity,fortheirefforts toplanningandorganizingthisconference.Wealsosincerelyacknowledgethefinancialsponsorshipreceived fromvariousgovernmentinstitutions,privatecompaniesandindividuals.Ourdeepappreciationsarealsodueto allthenationalsocietiesthathavenominatedtheirdelegates,tothenomineeswhohavesubmittedtheirpapersand aregoingtoparticipateintheconference,tothereviewerswhohavestronglyreviewedandratedthesubmitted papers, to the senior participants who are going to chair the technical sessions and to the authors of invited lecturesfortheirspecialcontributionstotheconference.Finally,wewouldliketoexpressourspecialthanksto allmembersofthelocalorganizingcommitteeandtheassistantsfortheirpreparationsofthisconferenceaswell. Prof.AskarZhussupbekov, ChairmanofOrganizingCommitteeofthe8AYGEC, PresidentofKazakhstanGeotechnicalSociety IX