National Series Volume-1 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 2008 Structure of Agricultural Holdings & Livestock Population BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE 2008 Structure of Agricultural Holdings and Livestock Population Volume-1 November, 2010 BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS STATISTICS DIVISION, MINISTRY OF PLANNING GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH DHAKA, BANGLADESH MESSAGE The economic progress of Bangladesh is mainly dependent on development of the agriculture sector which contributes around 21 percent to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and provides employment to around 48 percent of total labour force. The recent world wide disarray in food supply has only reemphasized the need for building a more dependable food security system with increased productivity. The government has been pursuing a range of development projects and programmes in the agriculture sector in order to achieve defined national agriculture policy goals of the country. Timely and realistic statistics for the agriculture sector have, therefore, remained inextricably linked to the root of our economic development initiatives and achievements. Agriculture census, one of the largest statistical operations of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), is the basic source of information relating to structure and nature of agricultural activities of the country. It is gratifying to note that BBS for the first time has successfully conducted the census of agriculture with complete counts of both rural and urban areas simultaneously. I hope that the data presented in this publication would be very useful for policy formulation and planning to maintain sustainable development of the agriculture sector. Apart from providing small area statistics up to mauza level in the zila series of publications, this census report will provide basis for a sampling frame to be used for subsequent surveys for strengthening further the current agriculture statistics system. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to Ms. Riti Ibrahim, Secretary, Statistics Division and other officers of the Ministry for their policy support to the programme of census. I appreciate very much their valuable contribution in making the agriculture census a success. I would also like to congratulate Mr. Md. Shahjahan Ali Mollah, Director General, BBS, Mr. Jafor Ahmed Khan, Project Director and all officers and staff of BBS for successfully concluding the census operation. I convey a note of appreciation too to all of them for their earnest effort in bringing out this national report in time. Dhaka, Air Vice Marshal (Rtd.) A K Khandker (BU) November, 2010 Minister for Planning Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh FOREWORD Agriculture is the single most dominant sector of the country. It has significant impact on all vital plans and programmes of economic growth, employment generation, poverty alleviation, and food security. Timely and reliable statistics on structure and performance of the agriculture sector are, therefore, indispensable for pragmatic agricultural development planning and policy formulation. Agriculture census is the principal tool for providing comprehensive statistics about structural parameters of the agriculture sector. The government, therefore, accorded a high priority for conducting a full count census both in rural and urban areas of the country simultaneously. The census aimed at making available for all households the basic data in such detail as household group, agriculture land ownership, tenancy, land use, cropping pattern, irrigation, livestock & poultry, and farm employment on 100 percent full count basis. Also, the census aim was to supplement full count data by conducting a sample survey of farm holdings designed for generating comprehensive agriculture statistics in much greater detail. I am very happy that BBS has quite successfully conducted the census despite various constraints. I take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to Mr. Md. Shahjahan Ali Mollah, Director General, BBS, Mr. Jafor Ahmed Khan, Project Director and his colleagues for their incessant endeavour to carry out the census as programmed. I appreciate the assistance provided by FAO regarding Agriculture Census 2008. I hope that the report will be useful to researchers, planners, and policy makers in formulating effective programmes and policies for agricultural development of the country. Dhaka, Riti Ibrahim November, 2010 Secretary Statistics Division Ministry of Planning PREFACE Due to rapid growth of population, decreasing trend in availability of cultivable land, and changes in socio-economic patterns, some substantial changes have taken place in agriculture sector over the past few years. Considering the importance of agriculture in our national economy, the government has decided to conduct agriculture census for the first time on full count basis both in rural and urban areas of the country simultaneously. The data collection scheme of the census was carried out in two phases: (i) full count with a short questionnaire in the first phase, and (ii) a sample survey with a long questionnaire in the second phase. In order to compile as quickly as possible the large volumes of data sets of the census, a centralized processing system was developed and adopted. Under the system manual editing, data capture through manual keying into computer, computer editing, and tabulations were systematically linked in order to get error- free final results of the census. It is hoped that the census information and data as available would be able to fill up data gaps that persisted for long as a barrier to clear understanding of current and overall situations of the agriculture sector. Although BBS made all-out efforts for carrying out the census as efficiently as possible, it might be that few lapses have occurred in carrying out the census. However, since this is the first endeavour to cover the entire urban and rural domains of the country concurrently, we hope that the users will appreciate our sincere effort made in meeting this new challenge. Any suggestions or comments for further improving the census data base and also its presentation will be highly appreciated and acknowledged with thanks. I am grateful to Ms. Riti Ibrahim, Secretary, Statistics Division, for her constant support and guidance to the programme of successful implementation of census plan. I express my special gratitude to members of the technical committee and other participants for their valuable contributions to the census. I am also grateful to media personnel, local government bodies, and general public as a whole for their support in conducting the census. I would like to thank all those who have been associated with different tasks of the census and have eventually succeeded in bringing out this publication in time. Finally, I wish to thank Mr. Jafor Ahmed Khan, Project Director and other members of BBS, for their hard works that led to successful implementations all activities of the census. My special thanks to Mr. Abdul Baten, consultant of agriculture census project, for rendering valuable advice. I thank also Mr.S.M Shahjahan, EX.-Deputy Director, BBS for preparing the manuscript of this report. Dhaka, Md. Shahjahan Ali Mollah November, 2010 (Additional Secretary) Director General Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Contents Item Page No. Message .................................................................................................................................................... iii Foreword ................................................................................................................................................... v Preface ...................................................................................................................................................... vii Bangladesh Map ….................................................................................................................................... xi Acronyms …..…………………………………………………………………………….................................... xiii Key findings of different agriculture censuses …….......................……………….….................................. xv-xvi Explanatory notes on some specific data of key findings and also of national tables ............................... xvii-xviii Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1-2 Part-I : Census Background and Operation Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 5-10 Scope, Objectives, and Methodology ........................................................................................................ 11-12 Pre-census Operation ………………………......................…………………………...................................... 13-14 Field Operation Management .................................…………………..………………….............................. 15-16 Data Processing …………………………………………………………….....................…............................. 17-18 Part-II : Concepts and Definitions Concepts and Definitions ............................................................................................................. 21-28 Part-III : Census Tables Notes on Tables ........................................................................................................................... 31-34 Selected Agriculture Statistics by Division and District/ Zila …….............................................................. 37-48 Detailed Tables Table 1 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size ………..…............................................ 51-59 Table 2 : Crop area (acre) of farm holdings classified by area size .......................................................... 60-70 Table 3 : Population in dwelling units and population engaged in agricultural work by sex and age group 71 Table 4 : Population engaged in agricultural work classified by area size of holdings ............................. 72-73 Table 5 : Population of agriculture labour households and number engaged in agricultural work classified by age group and area size …………………………………………………………………………… 74-75 Table 6 : Land ownership of holdings classified by area size and type …….……….................................. 76-77 Table 6A : Average area per holding classified by number of members ……………………....................... 78-80 Table 7 : Land ownership of holdings classified by operated area …….……………................................ 81 Table 8 : Operated, homestead, crop area, and irrigation classified by tenancy and farm size................ 82-83 Table 9 : Land ownership of holdings classified by homestead and farm & other lands ......................... 84 Table 10 : Tenancy status and practices of holdings classified by farm size …….….…….....................… 85-86 Table 11 : Tenancy status of male & female headed holdings classified by selected characteristics …… 87-88 Table 12 : Area irrigated under different sources by farm size classification of holdings ………................ 89-90 ix Contents Item Page No. Table 13: Area irrigated under different sources classified by tenancy of holdings ……….............……….…. 91 Table 14: Livestock and poultry population of holdings by type and size …... ……………….......................... 92-96 Table 15: Cattle heads in groups and buffalo heads of holdings classified by tenancy and farm type & size 97-98 Table 16 : Goat heads in groups and sheep heads of holdings classified by tenancy and farm type & size 99-100 Table 17 : Fowls in bird groups of holdings classified by tenancy and farm type & size ………..….............. 101-102 Table 18 : Ducks in bird groups of holdings classified by tenancy and farm type & size …………................ 103-104 Table 19 : Pigeons in bird groups of holdings classified by tenancy and farm type & size ........................... 105-106 Table 20 : Holdings reporting herd and flock populations of the cross bred classified by tenancy and farm type & size …………………………………………………………………………………………….…. 107-108 Table 21 : Livestock and poultry of agriculture labour households classified by tenancy and farm type & size 109-110 Table 22 : Livestock & poultry and agriculture equipment of holdings by land ownership status .................. 111-113 Table 23 : Holdings reporting deaths of livestock and poultry by causes ………..…….................................. 114-115 Table 24 : Borrower holdings and their average loan amounts (Tk.) from institutional & non-institutional sources classified by category of loan ......................................................................................... 116 Table 25 : Type and size of holdings classified by farm equipment ownership and tenancy .......................... 117-124 Division and District/Zila Tables Table D1 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size for Barisal division ………....……..……. 127-154 Table D2 : Crop area of farm holdings classified by area size for Barisal division ………………...…............. 155-182 Table D3 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size for Chittagong division …………..…….. 183-230 Table D4 : Crop area of farm holdings classified by area size for Chittagong division …………................... 231-278 Table D5 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size for Dhaka division ………………......….. 279-350 Table D6 : Crop area of farm holdings classified by area size for Dhaka division ……………................…… 351-422 Table D7 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size for Khulna division ……………………… 423-466 Table D8 : Crop area of farm holdings classified by area size for Khulna division ………………..…............. 467-510 Table D9 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size for Rajshahi division ….………………... 511-577 Table D10 : Crop area of farm holdings classified by area size for Rajshahi division ……….……................ 578-645 Table D11 : Basic characteristics of holdings classified by area size for Sylhet division …….……..………... 646-665 Table D12 : Crop area of farm holdings classified by area size for Sylhet division …………….................... 666-685 ANNEXURE Annexure-i : Agricultural Census Act No. XLI of 1958 (as amended in 1983) ............................................ 689-691 Annexure-ii : Calendar of Activities of Agriculture Census 2008 ………………………………...................... 692 Annexure-iii : Questionnaire ……………….………………………………………………..........................……. 693-694 Annexure-iv : Tally Sheet ………………..………………………………………………............................……. 695-696 Annexure-v : List of Temporary Crops ……………………….....................……............................................ 697-698 Annexure-vi : Steering Committee of Agriculture Census-2008 699 Annexure-vii : Technical Committee of Agriculture Census 2008 ……………………………......................... 700 Annexure-viii Editorial Committee of Agriculture Census 2008 ………………………………........................ 701 Annexure- ix : Validation and Inconsistency Checking Committee of Agriculture Census 2008 ..……………… 702 Annexure- x : List of References ………………………………………………………………………………….. 703 Annexure- xi : Personnel Engaged in Preparation of this Report …...…………………….........................….. 704 x xii