Catherine of Siena MEDIEVAL WOMEN: TEXTS AND CONTEXTS Editorial Board under the auspices of the School of Historical Studies, Monash University Constant Mews, Monash University Gabriela Signori, Universität Konstanz Nicholas Watson, Harvard University Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, University of Pittsburgh Miri Rubin, Queen Mary University of London Claire Waters, University of Virginia Jeffrey Hamburger, Harvard University Anneke Mulder-Bakker, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Juliette D’Or, Université de Liège Previously published volumes in this series are listed at the back of the book. Volume 13 Catherine of Siena The Creation of a Cult Edited by Jeffrey F. Hamburger and Gabriela Signori British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Catherine of Siena : the creation of a cult. -- (Medieval women : texts and contexts ; 13) 1. Catherine, of Siena, Saint, 1347-1380--Cult. 2. Catherine, of Siena, Saint, 1347-1380--Cult--History. I. Series II. Hamburger, Jeffrey F., 1957- editor of compilation. III. Signori, Gabriela, 1960- editor of compilation. 282'.092-dc23 ISBN-13: 9782503544151 © 2013, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. D/2013/0095/223 ISBN: 978-2-503-54415-1 e-ISBN: 978-2-503-54485-4 Printed on acid-free paper Contents Illustrations vii The Making of a Saint: Catherine of Siena, Tommaso Caffarini, and the Others — Introduction JEFFREy F. HAMBURGER and GABRIELA SIGNORI 1 Canonization, Cult, and Relics Many Strategies and One Goal: The Difficult Road to the Canonization of Catherine of Siena OTFRIED KRAFFT 25 ‘Sacra lipsana’: The Relics of Catherine of Siena in the Context of Propagation, Piety, and Community MICHAEL HOHLSTEIN 47 Catherine of Siena and the Italian Public GABRIELLA ZARRI 69 Manuscripts and Prints The Transmission of the Upper German Life of Catherine of Siena THOMAS BRAKMANN 83 Humanist Lives of Catherine of Siena: Latin Prose Narratives on the Italian Peninsula (1461–1505) ALISON FRAZIER 109 vi Contents Saintly Authorship in the Italian Renaissance: The Quattrocento Reception of Catherine of Siena’s Letters F. THOMAS LUONGO 135 ‘Pro solatio illicteratorum’: The Earliest Italian Translations of the Legenda maior SILVIA NOCENTINI 169 Translating St Catherine of Siena in Fifteenth-Century England DIRK SCHULTZE 185 Catherine in Words and Pictures ‘Uff daz man daz unsicher von dem sichren bekenen mug’ The Evidence of Visions in the Illustrated Vitae of Catherine of Siena KRISTIN BöSE 215 The Dilemma of a Saint’s Portrait: Catherine’s Stigmata between Invisible Body Trace and Visible Pictorial Sign DAVID GANZ 239 Wondrous Words: Catherine of Siena’s Miraculous Reading and Writing According to the Early Sources CATHERINE M. MOONEy 263 Writing versus Voice: Tommaso Caffarini and the Production of a Literate Catherine JANE TyLUS 291 Perspectives Italian Holy Women against Bohemian Heretics: Catherine of Siena and the ‘Second Catherines’ in the Kingdom of Bohemia TAMAR HERZIG 315 Illustrations Figures Figure 1, p. 9. ‘The Death of Saint Catherine’, Paris, BnF, MS franç. 9761, fol. 97r (1470–80?): ‘Cy commence la tierce partie de la legende sainte Katherine de Senne en laquelle est contenu le trespas dicelle’. Figure 2, p. 39. Original letter of canonization of St  Catherine issued by Pius II., written by John de Tartarinis, papal scribe and Roman cleric (Siena, Archivio di Stato, diplomatico). Figure 3, p. 123. The title-page design of the first printed edition of Niccolò Borghesi’s Vita divae Catherinae Senensis (Venice: Giovanni Tacuino, dated 26 April 1501) closely resembles that in the two known manuscript editions, Stanford University M0381 and BAV Urb. Lat. 1510. Figure 4, p. 136. Epistole devotissime de sancta Catharina da Siena, Venice, Aldus Manutius, 1500. Figure 5, p. 147. Andrea di Bartolo, St Catherine of Siena and Four Dominican Beate, Murano, Museo Vetrario. Figure 6, p. 149. Siena, Biblioteca comunale, T. II. 4, 5v. Libro della divina dottrina or Dialogo, in Latin. Produced in Venice at Caffarini’s scriptorium. Figure 7, p. 151. Siena, Biblioteca comunale, MS T. II. 4, 6v. Figure 8, p. 152. Siena, Biblioteca comunale, MS T. II. 3, 19r. Epistole, produced in Venice at Caffarini’s scriptorium. Opening of the section of letters to Italian civic signori. viii ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 9, p. 155. Siena, Biblioteca comunale, MS B. VII. 5, 3r. Copia privilegii ordinis fratrum et sororum de penitentia beati Dominici. Figure 10, p. 158. London, British Library, MS Harley 3480, 54v. Figure 11, p. 161. Florence, Biblioteca nazionale, Palatino MS 58, 1r. Figure 12, p. 191. The Orchard of Syon. London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1519, title page. Figures 13–14, p. 193. Sts Bridget and Catherine of Siena; St Andrew and St Margaret’s Church, Horsham St Faith (Norfolk). Figure 15, p. 194. St Catherine of Siena, St Winwaloe’s Church, East Portle- mouth (Devon). Figure 16, p. 195. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, MS 48, fol. 85v. Figure 17, p. 201. Modified UV-scan of Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 114, fol. 150v (lower half). Figure 18, p. 222. Vision of Catherine drinking from Christ’s side wound, the Geistliche Rosengarten, 1466; Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Kupfer stich- kabinett, MS 78 A 14, fol. 28r. Figure 19, p. 223. Catherine drinks from Christ’s side wound, the Geistliche Roseng arten, not later than 1430; Paris, BnF, MS allemand 34, fol. 43v. Figure 20, p. 228. Hans Schäufelein, Catherine and two demons appearing as dragons, from Hystori und wunderbarlich legend Katharine von Senis (Augspurg: Rynman, 1515), fol. 11v. Figure 21, p. 228. Hans Schäufelein, Christus instructs Caterina, from Hystori und wunderbarlich legend Katharine von Senis (Augspurg: Rynman, 1515), fol. 13r. Figure 22, p. 231. Christ shows his side wound to Catherine, the Geistliche Rosengarten, not later than 1430; Paris, BnF, MS allemand 34, fol. 43r. Figure 23, p. 232. Flagellation, the Geistliche Rosengarten, not later than 1430; Paris, BnF, MS allemand 34, fol. 4v. Figure 24, p. 240. St Catherine of Siena with mantellata, shortly after 1380. Siena, San Domenico, Cappella delle Volte. ILLUSTRATIONS ix Figure 25, p. 241. Tobias Stimmer (attr.), St Francis ‘anatomized/ dissected/ cut up [...] by his own fellow-criminals’, woodcut from: Johann Fischart, Der Barfuesser Secten und Kuttenstreit, 1570/71. Figure 26, p. 244. Bardi panel, 1250/60. Florence, Santa Croce, Cappella Bardi. Figure 27, pp. 248–49. Cristoforo Cortese, Marginal drawings with stigmatized saints, Libellus de supplemento, Siena, Biblioteca comunale degli Intronati, MS T. I. 2, pp. 56–57. Figure 28, p. 252. Cristoforo Cortese, Four stigmatizations: St Francis, Helena of Hungary, Walter of Strasbourg, Catherine of Siena. Libellus de supplemento, Siena, Biblioteca comunale degli Intronati, MS T. I. 2, p. 81. Figure 29, p. 257. Cristoforo Cortese, Four stigmatizations: St Francis, Helena of Hungary, Walter of Strasbourg, Catherine of Siena. Libellus de supplemento, Bologna, Biblioteca universitaria, MS 1574, fol. 29r. Figure 30, p. 296. Circle of Cristoforo Cortese, from Tommaso Caffarini, Libel lus de Supplemento, Bologna, Biblioteca universitaria, MS 1574 , c. 29 (Catherine receiving the stigmata). Figure 31, p. 297. Circle of Cristoforo Cortese, from Tommaso Caffarini, Libel lus de Supplemento, Bologna, Biblioteca Universitaria, MS 1574, c. 19v (Catherine pierced by a nail). Tables Table 1, pp. 101–02. Overview of the manuscript transmission of the Geistliche Roseng arten Table 2, p. 187. Middle English texts relating to St Catherine of Siena