'^ t * ^ - ^ Guide 'Career to TOP 'America's INDUSTRIES Sixth Edition Essential Data on Job Opportunities in Over 40 Industries Explore diflerenl sectors for>'our oesi career pros. • Suhstdntial descriptions of all major I'.S. industries, with details on ch jol) opportunities, projected grouih, training and education needed, eat. achancement. working conditions, and more • Excellent oveniew of the most current employment, industry, and technology trends • Information on each industry's career paths and majorjobs, cross-referenced to the (Xcupational Outlook Handbook, another main source of career data ^ Works . Department ofLabor, Bureau ofLaborStatistics Am«rk«'ftC«r««rPubli»K«r — Boston PubHe Ubraiy^ MA Boston, 02116 As the Economy Changes, Consider Various Industries for Career Opportunities Nonstop changes in the economy have far-reaching effects on employment in the industries covered in this unique guide. Job seekers and students should be aware of these changes and keep alert for developments that can affect job opportunities. Consider, for example, these changes over the 10- year period ending in 2012: ^ Health services will account for the most new jobs, about 3.5 million. * Educational services is expected to grow by nearly 20 percent, adding about 2.5 million new jobs. * Employment in one of the nation's fastest growing industries — employment services is expected to increase by more than 50 per- cent, adding another 1.8 million jobs. * Almost 760,000 new jobs are expected to arise in state and local government. Career Guide to America's Top Industries is your bestresource for these and many other career-influencing facts. New in This Edition ThisneweditionofCareerGuidetoAmerica'sTopIndustriesprovidesthelatestlabormarketinformationand alsofeaturesthefollowingchanges: Theindustriesdescribed havebeen reorganized into 10majorgroupsthatreflect thenewest developmentsintheeconomy. Alldata hasbeenupdatedforthe 10-yearperiodendingin2012. All jobtitlesarecross-referencedtothelatestOccupationalOutlookHandbook. ThisisthefirsteditionoftheCareerGuidetoAmerica'sTopIndustriestobeclassifiedbytheNorth American IndustryClassificationSystem (NAICS). NAICSdefinesindustriesandestablishesa structureforrelatingindustriestooneanother. Prioreditionsclassified industriesbytheStan- dard Industrial Classification (SIC), whichisnolongerbeingusedbyfederal statistical programs. An index makesiteasierthanevertofind information ofinterest. Call 1-800-648-11ST or visit www.jist.com for more details. Career Guide to TOP America's INDUSTRIES Sixth Edition Essential Data on fob Opportunities in Over 40 Industries Published by JIST Works^ this book's industry descriptions are a complete reprint of the entire contents of the Career Guide to Industries (Bulletin 2571) as produced by the good people at the U.S. Department of Labor. JiSt JWorks Career Guide to America's Top Industries^ Sixth Edition Essential Data on fob Opportunities in Over 40 industries ©2004 byJIST Publishing, Inc. Published byJISTWorks, an imprint ofJISTPublishing, Inc. 8902 Otis Avenue Indianapolis, IN 46216-1033 Phone: 1-800-648-JlST Fax: 1-800-JIST-FAX E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.jist.com Other books in the America's Top Jobs* series: America's Top300fobs America's Top 101 JobsforCollegeGraduates America's 101 FastestGrowingJobs America's Top 101 Computerand TechnicalJobs America's Top 101 JobsforPeople Without America's TopMilitaryCareers aFour-YearDegree America's TopResumesforAmerica's TopJobs About career materials published by JIST. Our materials encourage people to be self-directed and to take control of their destinies. We work hard to provide excellent content, solid advice, and techniques that get results. Ifyou have questions about this book or otherJIST products, call 1-800-648-JIST or visit www.jist.com. Quantitydiscounts areavailableforJISTproducts. Pleasecall 1-800-648-JISTorvisitwww.jist.com fora free catalog and more information. Visit www.jist.com for information on JIST, free job search information, book excerpts, and ordering information on our manyproducts. For free information on 14,000 job titles, visit wwrw.careeroink.com. Printed in Canada 0605 04 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The industry information contained inJIST Publishing's CareerGuide toAmerica's TopIndustries presents a general, compos- itedescriptionoffirmsand jobsandcannotbeexpectedtoreflectworksituationsinspecificestablishmentsorlocalities.The CareerGuide, therefore, is not intended and should not be used as a guide for determining wages, hours, the right ofa par- ticularunion torepresentworkers, appropriatebargainingunits, orformal jobevaluation systems. Nor shouldearningsdata in the CareerGuide be used to compute future loss ofearnings in adjudication proceedings involving work injuries or acci- dental deaths. Credits.Thisbookisacompletereprintoftheoriginal CareerGuidetoIndustries, publishedbythegood peopleattheBureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Here is the text, from the original, providing credits to the many people who worked on it: TheBureauofLaborStatisticsproducedtheCareerGuidetoIndustriesunderthegeneralguidanceanddirectionofMichael W. Horrigan, Assistant Commissioner for Occupational Statistics and Employment Projections, and Mike Pilot, Chief, Division ofOccupational Outlook. Chester C. Levine andJon Q. Sargent, ManagersofOccupational OutlookStudies, provided plan- ning and day-to-daydirection. SupervisorsoverseeingtheresearchandpreparationofmaterialwereDouglasBraddock,TheresaCosca, ArleneK. Dohm, and CarolynVeneri. OccupationalanalystswhocontributedmaterialwereAzureAlbeck, AndrewD.Alpert,JillAuyer, Hall Dillon, Tamara Dillon, Erika Heaton, Elka Jones, Henry T. Kasper, Jonathan Kelinson, T Alan Lacey, William Lawhorn, Mark Mittelhauser, Kevin M. McCarron, Roger Moncarz, Terry Schau, Lynn Shniper, Patricia Tate, and Ian Wyatt. Editorial work was provided by Edith Baker, Monica Carpio, Monica Gabor, and Douglas Himes, under the supervision of Mary K. Rieg. Word-processing support was provided by Monique Smith and Beverly A. Williams. Computer-programming support was provided by David S. Frank and Erik A. Savisaar. Cover and other artwork (for the original book) were designed by Keith Tapscott. ISBN 1-59357-032-5 About Book This Helpful Career Planning Information on 42 Major Industries Employing 75 Percent of the Workforce Most people, when planning their careers, think mainly about the job they want and the education or training needed to get Unfortunately, they often overlook the enormous importance it. of the industry where they work. This book is designed to help. The Career Guide to America's Top Industries provides information on employment trends and opportunities in industries. It is a companion to another book, also published by the U.S. Department of Labor, titled the Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH). These books fulfill a Department of Labor mission to pro- vide useful information for career planning and job seeking. While the OOH provides information on jobs, the Career Guide to America's Top Industries gives details on the industries where people hold these jobs. JIST suggests you use both of these important references in your career planning. Career Guide to Americans Top Industries Is Easy to Use! This book was developed to assist you in making good career decisions. The information is presented in a readable and useful format. Use the table of contents to identify industries that interest you, and then find out more about them by turning to the page where each industry is described. You can also get a good overview on major employment trends by reading the short section titled "Major Trends in Industries and Employment." ill Tabic of Contents Motor Vehicle and Parts Manufacturing 63 Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing 69 Summary of Major Sections Printing 75 Steel Manufacturing 80 Information Provided in the Career Guide to Textile Mills and Products 85 America's Top Industries: A quick review of the elements included in each industry description Service-Providing Industries in this book. Begins onpage v. Trade 89 Major Trends in Industries and Employment: Automobile Dealers 90 An excellent (and short!) overview of trends Clothing, Accessory, and General Merchandise within related groupings of industries and jobs. Stores 95 Begins onpage 1. Grocery Stores 100 Wholesale Trade 105 The Industry Descriptions: This is the major Transportation and Utilities Ill section of the book, providing detailed descrip- tions of 42 industries that employ about 75 per- Air Transportation 112 Truck Transportation and Warehousing 117 cent of the workforce. Use the following list Utilities 122 titled "Industries Described in This Book" to locate industries that interest you. Learn more Information 129 Broadcasting 130 about those industries by reading their descrip- tions on the pages indicated. Begins onpage 9. Motion Picture and Video Industries 136 Publishing, Except Software 142 Sources of State and Local Labor Market and Software Publishers 148 Career Information: State-by-state sources of Telecommunications 153 additional information, including Web site Financial Activities 159 addresses. Begins onpage259. Banking 160 Index. Begins onpage262. Insurance 165 Securities, Commodities, and Other Investments ....172 Professional and Business Services 179 Advertising and Public Relations Services 180 Computer Systems Design and Related Services 185 Industries Described Employment Services 192 in This Book MaCnoangsuelmteinntg,SeSrcvieincteisfic, and Technical 197 Education and Health Services 205 Child Daycare Services 206 Goods-Producing Industries Educational Services 210 Agriculture, Mining, and Construction 9 Health Services 216 Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 10 Social Assistance, Except Child Daycare 223 Construction 18 Leisure and Hospitality 227 Mining 24 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 228 Oil and Gas Extraction 31 Food Services and Drinking Places 234 Manufacturing 37 Hotels and Other Accommodations 240 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing 38 Government 247 Apparel Manufacturing 43 Federal Government, Excluding the Postal Chemical Manufacturing, Except Pharmaceutical Service 248 and Medicine Manufacturing 48 State and Local Government, Excluding Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing ....53 Education and Hospitals 254 Food Manufacturing 58 Information Provided in tlie Career Guide America to 's Top Industries What kinds ofworkers are employed by a particular Industry Title ninodwus?trWyh,aatndjowbsharteqjuoibrse asrpeeciyaolueqduuaclaitfiioedn foorrtrriagihnt- This is the name the industry is most commonly called. ing? And what advancement opportunities do these jobs offer in the long run? The Career Guide to NAICS Number America's Top Industries addresses these questions and more for 42 diverse industries which, when The numbers in parentheses that appear to the right combined, accounted for about 3 out of4 wage and of each industry title are North American Industry salary jobs in 2002. Classification System (NAICS) codes that define the economic activities covered by each industry in the As a companion to the Occupational Outlook Career Guide to America's Top Industries. These codes Handbook (OOH), the Career Guide to America's Top are from the 2002 edition of the North American Industries discusses careers from an industry Industry Classification System Manual, a publication perspective. Why? Because many career-minded of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget that people think in terms of industries rather than defines and names industriesand establishes a struc- occupations. Your personal circumstances or choice ture for relating industries to one another. All statis- of lifestyle may compel you to remain in a specific tics on industries produced by the federal govern- area, limiting prospective jobs to those offered by ment are collected in accordance with the NAICS. the distinctive mix of industries in your state or TheNAICSManualdescribestheestablishment types community. Or you may be—attracted to a particular and goods and services produced in each ofthe spe- industry for other reasons the potential for high cific industries covered in the Career Guide to earnings in the securities and commodities indus- America's TopIndustries. Readers interested in obtain- try, the appeal of using advanced technology in ing moredetailed definitions ofthe industries in the aerospace manufacturing, or the opportunity to Career Guide to America's Top Industries should con- work with children offered by the educational ser- sult the NAICS Manual, which is available in the ref- vices industry. By focusing on industries, the Career erence section of many libraries. The NAICS Manual Guide to America's Top Industries provides informa- also may be consulted on the Internet at http:// tion that the OOH does not. It shows the relation- www.census.gov/epcd/ww^w/naics.html. This edi- ships between different occupations and how they tion of the Career Guide to America's Top Industries is cooperate within industries to produce goods and the first to be classified according to NAICS. Prior bring them to the market or provide services to editions classified industries according to the businesses and the public. Furthermore, some occu- Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), which is no pations are unique to a particular industry and are longer being used by federal statistical programs. not discussed in the OOH. And some industries offer specific paths of career advancement that are Significant Points not addressed in the OOH. One or more key information items are presented at For each industry, the Career Guide to America's Top the beginning of each industry description. Industries includes a section with information on each of the following topics, although the informa- Nature of the Industry tion presented within each section varies slightly • Describes the goods produced or the services from industry to industry: provided by the individual segments of each industry. S: Career Guide to America's Top Industries • Describes the production processes, and the • Lists the principle unions and the proportion of changes in technology or business practices tak- workers who belong to unions or who are cov- ing place. ered by union contracts. Working Conditions Outlook • Describes the physical environment in which • Discusses the projected growth or decline of workers perform their duties, including the jobs in the industry and the projected rate of hours of work, the frequency of night or week- job growth compared with those in the econo- end work or split shifts, and the physical activi- my as a whole. ties essential to successful job performance. • Describes the factors expected to influence • Discusses the proportion of part-time workers, employment growth, such as new technology, rates of job-related injury and illness, and the changing business practices, and demographics. extent and frequency oftravel. • May discuss the ease or difficulty of acquiring a Employment job. • Indicates the number of wage and salary jobs Sources of Additional Information and, where significant, the number of self- This section includes organizations providing addi- employed persons in the industry and data on tional information via the Internet or by mail on the age ofworkers. the industry and its job opportunities. It also lists • Includes the number of establishments and jobs described in the Occupational OutlookHandbook concentration ofindustryemploymentbystate, that are typically found in the industry. as well as the distribution ofestablishments and Many trade associations, professional societies, employment in the industry by employment- unions, industrial organizations, and government size class. agencies provide career information that isvaluable • Includes data on other unusual characteristics to counselors and job seekers. For your conven- of industry workers, where significant. ience, some of these organizations and their Internet addresses are listed at the end of each Occupations in the Industry industry statement. Although these references were • Describes the various jobs and the ways in carefully compiled, the Bureau of Labor Statistics which each fits into the process of producing has neither authority nor facilities for investigating goods or delivering services to consumers. the organizations or the information or publica- tions that are sent in response to a request and can- • Provides the current and projected numbers of not guarantee the accuracy of such information. wage and salary jobs by occupation. The listing of an organization, therefore, does not constitute in any way an endorsement or recom- Training and Advancement mendation bythe Bureau either ofthe organization • Details the qualifications required for key occu- and its activities or of the information it supplies. pations and the types of formal education and Each organization has sole responsibility for what- other training that employers prefer. ever information it issues. • Discusses the training and educational paths of Information Tables career advancement for key occupations. Unless otherwise indicated, the source of data pre- • Discusses self-employment opportunities, when sented in the tables is the Bureau ofLabor Statistics. relevant. Earnings • Provides data on the average weekly earnings, earnings of key occupations, and employee benefits. vl 2004 • JIST Works iSLI Major Trends in Industries and Employment You have many factors to consider in targeting one industry over another when making job and career choices. Some industries pay more than others, are growing more rapidly, have more openings, fit your interests better, or have other advantages. This section will give you a quick overview of the major employment trends in various occupations and industries in the U.S. economy. TheU.S.economyiscomprisedofindustrieswithdiversechar- employsworkersinestablishmentsthatprovideelectricity,natu- acteristics. Foreach industrycovered intheCareerGuide, de- ralgas,andwater. tailedinformationisprovidedaboutspecificcharacteristics:The Therewerealmost7.8millionprivatebusinessestablishments nature ofthe industry, workingconditions, employment, occu- intheUnitedStatesin2002. Theaveragesizeoftheseestablish- pational composition, training and advancement requirements, mentsvarieswidelyacross industries. earnings,andjoboutlook. Thischapterprovidesanoverviewof Most establishments in the construction, wholesale trade, these characteristics and the outlook forthe various industries retail trade, finance and insurance, real estate and rental and andeconomyasawhole. leasing, and professional, scientific, and technical services in- dustriesaresmall,averagingfewerthan 15employeesperestab- Natureofthe Industry lishment. However,widedifferenceswithinindustriescanexist. Industries are defined by the processes they use to produce Hospitals,forexample,employanaverageof712.4workers,while goods andservices. Workers in the United States produce and physicians'officesemployanaverageof9.3. Similarly,although provideawidevarietyofproductsand servicesandasa—result, thereisanaverageof13.3employeesperestablishmentforallof thetypesofindustriesintheU.S.economyrangewidely from retailtrade,departmentstoresemployanaverageof166.5people. agriculture, forestry, and fishing to aerospace manufacturing. Business establishments in the United States are predomi- Althoughmanyoftheseindustriesarerelated,eachindustryhas nantlysmall;59.6percentofallestablishmentsemployedfewer a unique combination ofoccupations, production techniques, than5workersin2002. However,themedium-sizedtolargees- inputs and outputs, and business characteristics. Understand- tablishments employ a greater proportion ofall workers. For ing the nature ofthe industry is important, because it is this example,establishmentsthatemployed50ormoreworkersac- uniquecombinationthatdeterminesworkingconditions,educa- countedforonly4.7percentofallestablishments,yetem—ployed tional requirements, and thejob outlook foreach ofthe indus- 57.4 percent ofall workers. The large establishments those triesdiscussed in the CareerGuide. withmorethan500workers-accountedforonly0.2percentofall Industries consist ofmany different places ofwork, called establishments,butemployed 18.2percentofallworkers. Table establishments, which range from large factories and office 1 presentsthepercentdistributionofemploymentaccordingto complexesemployingthousandsofworkerstosmallbusinesses establishmentsize. employing only a fewworkers. Notto beconfused with com- panies,which are legalentities,establishmentsarephysical lo- Table 1. Percent distribution of establishments and cations in which people work, such as the branch office ofa eMmaprclhoy2m0e0n2t in all private industries by establishment size, bank. Thus,acompanymayhavemorethanoneestablishment. Establishments that use the same or similar processes to pro- Establishment size (number of workers) Establishments Employment duce goods or services are organized together into industries. Industriesare, in turn, organizedtogetherintoindustrygroups. Total 100.0 100.0 These are further organized into industry subsectors and then 1 to4 59.6 6.6 ultimately into industry sectors. For the purposes of labor 5to9 16.9 8.2 market analysis, the Bureau ofLabor Statistics organized in- 10to 19 11.1 10.9 dustry sectors into industrysupersectors and then divided the 20to49 7.7 17.0 50to99 2.6 13.3 supersectors into two broad groups: Goods-producing indus- 100to249 1.5 16.4 tries (natural resources and mining; construction; and manu- 250to499 0.4 9.5 facturing) and service-providing industries (trade, transporta- 500to999 0.1 7.0 tion,andutilities;information; financialactivities;professional 1,000ormore 0.1 11.2 and business services; education and health services; leisure and hospitality; otherservices; andpublic administration). Establishment size can play a role in the characteristics of Each industry subsector is made upofa numberofindustry eachjob. Largeestablishmentsgenerallyofferworkersgreater groups, which are, as mentioned, determined bydifferences in occupationalmobilityandadvancementpotential,whereassmall production processes. An easily recognized example ofthese establishmentsmayprovidetheiremployeeswithbroaderexpe- distinctions is in the food manufacturing subsector, which is riencebyrequiringthemtoassumeawiderrangeofresponsibili- made up ofindustry groups that produce meat products, pre- ties. Also, small establishments are distributed throughout the served fruits and vegetables, bakery items, and dairy products, Nation;every localityhasa fewsmall businesses. Largeestab- amongothers. Each ofthese industrygroups requires workers lishments, in contrast, employ moreworkersandare lesscom- with varyingskillsandemploysuniqueproductiontechniques. mon,buttheyplayamuchmoreprominentroleintheeconomies Anotherexampleofthesedistinctionsisfoundinutilities,which oftheareasinwhichtheyarelocated.