Capacity Building in Developing Countries Capacity Building in Developing Countries HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSIONS EDITED BY Valentine Udoh James LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Capacitybuildingindevelopingcountries:humanandenvironmental dimensions/editedbyValentineUdohJames. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0–275–95791–8(alk.paper) 1. Sustainabledevelopment—Developingcountries. 2. Developing countries—Socialpolicy. 3. Developingcountries—Economicpolicy. 4. Medicalpolicy—Developingcountries. 5. Environmentalpolicy— Developingcountries. I.James,ValentineUdoh,1952– . HD75.6.C357 1998 338.9'009172'4—dc21 97–33707 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataisavailable. Copyright(cid:1)1998byValentineUdohJames Allrightsreserved.Noportionofthisbookmaybe reproduced,byanyprocessortechnique,withoutthe expresswrittenconsentofthepublisher. LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:97–33707 ISBN:0–275–95791–8 Firstpublishedin1998 PraegerPublishers,88PostRoadWest,Westport,CT06881 AnimprintofGreenwoodPublishingGroup,Inc. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Thepaperusedinthisbookcomplieswiththe PermanentPaperStandardissuedbytheNational InformationStandardsOrganization(Z39.48–1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Comfort Akai Inyang for many years of assistance during my fieldwork in Nigeria and for the hospitality she and her husband extended during my sojourns in Nigeria. Contents Tables and Figures xi Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii 1. Building the Capacities of Developing Nations through Empowerment 1 Valentine Udoh James I. Sociopolitical Issues 2. Ethnicity in the Politics of a Nation: Nigeria and the Problems of Social Transformation 13 Babatunde Oyinade 3. The State and Interplay of Gender and Class on the Emergence of Women as Political Leaders in Developing Countries 27 Ifeyinwa E. Umerah-Udezulu 4. The Difficulty of Consensus Building in Developing Countries: The African Dilemma 47 Valentine Udoh James and Melanie Marshall James 5. Democratization and the Grass Roots: The Case of the Jomoro District Assembly 56 Cyril K. Daddieh viii Contents II. Economic Issues 6. Economic Theory and the Growth Ethic: Proposals for Alternative Measures of Economic Performance 79 Michael A. Burayidi 7. A Reassessment of the Impact of Structural Adjustment in Ghana 90 Benjamin Asare and Clifford L. Staten 8. Pineapple Production, Labor, and Marketing Relations in the Periurban Economy of Accra, Ghana 99 Cyril K. Daddieh 9. Maintaining the African Wealth: A Natural and Human Resource Sustainability Issue 129 Valentine Udoh James III. Development Issues 10. Modernizing Influences and Traditional Villages in Sarawak: The Need for a Paradigm Shift in Development Strategies 143 Lee Boon Thong and Tengku Shamsul Bahrin 11. Exceptional Kerala: Efficient and Sustainable Human Behavior 152 William Alexandra 12. Measuring Development Policy Organizational Effectiveness in Third World Countries 175 Ambe J. Njoh 13. Communications and Democratic Governance for Sustainable Development in Africa 194 Nwafo Nwanko and Babatunde Oyinade 14. The Role of Indigenous Education in Development: The Tanzanian Case 206 Charles Bwenge 15. The Role of Food Self-Sufficiency in Sustainable Development in Africa in Readiness for the Twenty-First Century 216 Bassey Ekpono 16. Management Capacity Building: A Strategic Imperative for African Development in the Twenty-First Century 228 Felix Edoho 17. Manpower Development in Nigeria: A Research Note on the University 252 James Etim ix 18. Rural Population and Economic Development in Africa: An Analysis of Some Policy Issues 267 Paul Kanjo and Agber Dimah References 287 Index 307 About the Contributors 319