This page intentionally left blank TheCambridgeCompaniontoF.ScottFitzgerald Inthisvolume,elevenspeciallycommissionedessaysbymajorFitzgeraldschol- arspresentaclearlywrittenandcomprehensiveassessmentofF.ScottFitzger- ald as a writer and as a public and private figure. No aspect of his career is overlooked,fromhisfirstnovelpublishedin1920,throughhismorethan170 shortstories,tohislastunfinishedHollywoodnovel.Contributionspresentthe readerwithafullandaccessiblepictureofthebackgroundofAmericansocial andculturalchangeintheearlydecadesofthetwentiethcentury.Theintroduc- tiontracesFitzgerald’scareerasaliteraryandpublicfigure,andexaminesthe extenttowhichpublicrecognitionhasaffectedhisreputationamongscholars, critics,andgeneralreadersoverthepastsixtyyears.Thisistheonlyvolume that offers undergraduates, graduates, and general readers a full account of Fitzgerald’sworkaswellassuggestionsforfurtherexplorationofhiswork. ruth prigozy is Professor of English at Hofstra University and Executive Directorandco-founderoftheF.ScottFitzgeraldSociety.Sheistheauthorof F.ScottFitzgerald:AnIllustratedLife,editorofTheGreatGatsby,ThisSide ofParadise,andco-editorofF.ScottFitzgerald:NewPerspectives.Shehasalso writtenmanyarticlesonFitzgerald,Hemingway,J.D.Salinger,D.W.Griffith, andBillyWilderamongothers. CAMBRIDGE COMPANIONS TO LITERATURE TheCambridgeCompaniontoGreekTragedy TheCambridgeCompaniontotheClassic editedbyP.E.Easterling RussianNovel TheCambridgeCompaniontoOldEnglish editedbyMalcolmV.Jonesand Literature RobinFeuerMiller editedbyMalcolmGoddenand TheCambridgeCompaniontotheFrench MichaelLapidge Novel:from1800tothepresent TheCambridgeCompaniontoMedieval editedbyTimothyUnwin Romance TheCambridgeCompaniontoModernism editedbyRobertaL.Kreuger editedbyMichaelLevenson TheCambridgeCompaniontoMedievalEnglish TheCambridgeCompaniontoAustralian Theatre Literature editedbyRichardBeadle editedbyElizabethWebby TheCambridgeCompaniontoEnglish TheCambridgeCompaniontoAmerican RenaissanceDrama WomenPlaywrights editedbyA.R.Braunmullerand editedbyBrendaMurphy MichaelHattaway TheCambridgeCompaniontoModernBritish TheCambridgeCompaniontoRenaissance WomenPlaywrights Humanism editedbyElaineAstonandJanelleReinelt editedbyJillKraye TheCambridgeCompaniontoVirgil TheCambridgeCompaniontoEnglishPoetry, editedbyCharlesMartindale DonnetoMarvell TheCambridgeCompaniontoDante editedbyThomasN.Corns editedbyRachelJacoff TheCambridgeCompaniontoEnglish TheCambridgeCompaniontoProust Literature,1500–1600 editedbyRichardBales editedbyArthurF.Kinney TheCambridgeCompaniontoChekhov TheCambridgeCompaniontoEnglish editedbyVeraGottliebandPaulAllain Literature,1650–1740 TheCambridgeCompaniontoIbsen editedbyStevenN.Zwicker editedbyJamesMcFarlane TheCambridgeCompaniontoWritingofthe TheCambridgeCompaniontoBrecht EnglishRevolution editedbyPeterThomsonand editedbyN.H.Keeble GlendyrSacks TheCambridgeCompaniontoEnglish TheCambridgeChaucerCompanion RestorationTheatre editedbyPieroBoitaniandJillMann editedbyDeborahC.PayneFisk TheCambridgeCompaniontoShakespeare TheCambridgeCompaniontoBritish editedbyMargaretadeGraziaand Romanticism StanleyWells editedbyStuartCurran TheCambridgeCompaniontoShakespeare TheCambridgeCompanionto onFilm Eighteenth-CenturyPoetry editedbyRussellJackson editedbyJohnSitter TheCambridgeCompaniontoSpenser TheCambridgeCompaniontothe editedbyAndrewHadfield Eighteenth-CenturyNovel editedbyJohnRichetti TheCambridgeCompaniontoBenJonson editedbyRichardHarpandStanleyStewart TheCambridgeCompaniontoVictorianPoetry editedbyJosephBristow TheCambridgeCompaniontoMilton editedbyDennisDanielson TheCambridgeCompaniontothe VictorianNovel TheCambridgeCompaniontoSamuelJohnson editedbyDeirdreDavid editedbyGregClingham TheCambridgeCompaniontoAmerican TheCambridgeCompaniontoKeats RealismandNaturalism editedbySusanJ.Wolfson editedbyDonaldPizer TheCambridgeCompaniontoJaneAusten TheCambridgeCompanionto editedbyEdwardCopelandand Nineteenth-CenturyAmerican JulietMcMaster Women’sWriting TheCambridgeCompaniontoCharlesDickens editedbyDaleM.BauerandPhilipGould editedbyJohnO.Jordan TheCambridgeCompaniontoGeorgeEliot TheCambridgeCompaniontoEdithWharton editedbyGeorgeLevine editedbyMillicentBell TheCambridgeCompaniontoThomasHardy TheCambridgeCompaniontoHenryJames editedbyDaleKramer editedbyJonathanFreedman TheCambridgeCompaniontoOscarWilde TheCambridgeCompaniontoWaltWhitman editedbyPeterRaby editedbyEzraGreenspan TheCambridgeCompanionto TheCambridgeCompanionto GeorgeBernardShaw HenryDavidThoreau editedbyChristopherInnes editedbyJoelMyerson TheCambridgeCompaniontoJosephConrad TheCambridgeCompaniontoMarkTwain editedbyJ.H.Stape editedbyForrestG.Robinson TheCambridgeCompaniontoD.H.Lawrence TheCambridgeCompaniontoWilliamFaulkner editedbyAnneFernihough editedbyPhilipM.Weinstein TheCambridgeCompaniontoVirginiaWoolf TheCambridgeCompanionto editedbySueRoeandSusanSellers ErnestHemingway TheCambridgeCompaniontoJamesJoyce editedbyScottDonaldson editedbyDerekAttridge TheCambridgeCompanionto TheCambridgeCompaniontoT.S.Eliot F.ScottFitzgerald editedbyA.DavidMoody editedbyRuthPrigozy TheCambridgeCompaniontoEzraPound TheCambridgeCompaniontoRobertFrost editedbyIraB.Nadel editedbyRobertFaggen TheCambridgeCompaniontoBeckett TheCambridgeCompaniontoEugeneO’Neill editedbyJohnPilling editedbyMichaelManheim TheCambridgeCompaniontoHaroldPinter TheCambridgeCompanionto editedbyPeterRaby TennesseeWilliams editedbyMatthewC.Roudane´ TheCambridgeCompaniontoTomStoppard editedbyKatherineE.Kelly TheCambridgeCompaniontoArthurMiller editedbyChristopherBigsby TheCambridgeCompaniontoHermanMelville editedbyRobertS.Levine CAMBRIDGE COMPANIONS TO CULTURE TheCambridgeCompaniontoModernGerman TheCambridgeCompaniontoModernSpanish Culture Culture editedbyEvaKolinskyand editedbyDavidT.Gies WilfriedvanderWill TheCambridgeCompaniontoModernItalian TheCambridgeCompaniontoModernRussian Culture Culture editedbyZygmuntG.Baranskiand editedbyNicholasRzhevsky RebeccaJ.West THE CAMBRIDGE COMPANION TO F. SCOTT FITZGERALD EDITED BY RUTH PRIGOZY HofstraUniversity cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb22ru,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambrid ge.org/9780521624473 © Cambridge University Press 2002 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionof relevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplace withoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublishedinprintformat 2001 isbn-13 978-0-511-22183-5 eBook (Adobe Reader) isbn-10 0-511-22183-5 eBook (Adobe Reader) isbn-13 978-0-521-62447-3 hardback isbn-10 0-521-62447-9 hardback isbn-13 978-0-521-62474-9 paperback isbn-10 0-521-62474-6 paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurls forexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,anddoesnot guaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. ForFrancesKrollRing Withaffection,gratitude,andrespectfromeveryonewhoreveres F.ScottFitzgeraldasmanandartist