Grade 6 Program Author Dr. Diane August Educational Researcher Principal Investigator, Developing Literacy in Second-Language • Learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language- Minority Children and Youth Member of the New Standards Literacy Project, Grades 4-5 • Program Consultant Dr. Cheryl Dressler Literacy Consultant- English Learners cover photography credits: (t) MedioImages/Getty Images; (bl) Creatas Images/Jupiterimages; (br) SW Productions/Getty Images. B Published by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Two Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10121 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. These Visual Vocabulary Resources may be displayed in a classroom setting for use with Treasures, provided such display includes a copyright notice in the name of Macmillan/McGraw-Hill. No other use of these Visual Vocabulary Resources is permitted without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, network storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Printed in the United States of America 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 071 12 11 10 09 Contents Unit 1 Unit 4 Week 1 Key Vocabulary...........................................................................1 Week 1 Key Vocabulary......................................................................205 Function Words and Phrases ................................................9 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................213 Basic Words ..............................................................................13 Basic Words ............................................................................217 Week 2 Key Vocabulary........................................................................15 Week 2 Key Vocabulary......................................................................219 Function Words and Phrases .............................................23 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................227 Basic Words ..............................................................................27 Basic Words ............................................................................231 Week 3 Key Vocabulary........................................................................29 Week 3 Key Vocabulary......................................................................233 Function Words and Phrases .............................................35 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................239 Basic Words ..............................................................................39 Basic Words ............................................................................243 Week 4 Key Vocabulary........................................................................41 Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................245 Function Words and Phrases .............................................49 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................253 Basic Words ..............................................................................53 Basic Words ............................................................................257 Week 5 Key Vocabulary........................................................................55 Week 5 Key Vocabulary......................................................................259 Function Words and Phrases .............................................63 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................267 Basic Words ..............................................................................67 Basic Words ............................................................................271 Unit 2 Unit 5 Week 1 Key Vocabulary........................................................................69 Week 1 Key Vocabulary......................................................................273 Function Words and Phrases .............................................77 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................281 Basic Words ..............................................................................81 Basic Words ............................................................................285 Week 2 Key Vocabulary........................................................................83 Week 2 Key Vocabulary......................................................................287 Function Words and Phrases .............................................91 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................295 Basic Words ..............................................................................95 Basic Words ............................................................................299 Week 3 Key Vocabulary........................................................................97 Week 3 Key Vocabulary......................................................................301 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................103 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................307 Basic Words ............................................................................107 Basic Words ............................................................................311 Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................109 Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................313 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................117 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................321 Basic Words ............................................................................121 Basic Words ............................................................................325 Week 5 Key Vocabulary......................................................................123 Week 5 Key Vocabulary......................................................................327 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................131 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................335 Basic Words ............................................................................135 Basic Words ............................................................................339 Unit 3 Unit 6 Week 1 Key Vocabulary......................................................................137 Week 1 Key Vocabulary......................................................................341 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................145 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................349 Basic Words ............................................................................149 Basic Words ............................................................................353 Week 2 Key Vocabulary......................................................................151 Week 2 Key Vocabulary......................................................................355 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................159 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................363 Basic Words ............................................................................163 Basic Words ............................................................................367 Week 3 Key Vocabulary......................................................................165 Week 3 Key Vocabulary......................................................................369 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................171 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................375 Basic Words ............................................................................175 Basic Words ............................................................................379 Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................177 Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................381 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................185 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................389 Basic Words ............................................................................189 Basic Words ............................................................................393 Week 5 Key Vocabulary......................................................................191 Week 5 Key Vocabulary......................................................................395 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................199 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................403 Basic Words ............................................................................203 Basic Words ............................................................................407 English Language Development Vocabulary ...408A How to Use this Book Visual Vocabulary Resources—A New Classroom Resource Purpose and Use The Visual Vocabulary Resources book provides teachers using the Macmillan/McGraw-Hill California Treasures reading program photo-word cards that visually introduce specific vocabulary from the program. The photos are intended to preteach vocabulary to English learners and Approaching Level students, as well as offer additional, meaningful language and concept support to these students. The photo-word cards are designed to interrelate with the English Learners and Approaching Small Groups lessons and the English Learner Resource lessons, all of which are designed to support the EL and struggling reader population. The Visual Vocabulary Resources book is referenced specifically in those lessons. Vocabulary Words UKneity 2 VWoeceak b2u Dlaairlyy Life in Ancient Greece In the first half of the book, the photo-word cards support three categories of vocabulary in the core Word 1 feature reading program: 1. Key Vocabulary These are the Key Words as introduced to the entire class in the core vocabulary lesson and core selection. Students of all levels of language acquisition are taught these words: Beginning, Early Intermediate, Intermediate, and Early Advanced. 2. Function Words and Phrases These are idioms, adverbs, two-word verbs, and other words and phrases of particular use to English learners. Function Words and Phrases are also drawn BUNonnoa its9thi 01ic ntWh gWSe tEerovekeer r1dt Hsappens cinnamonm, soeuasfsoeo, dc,o cffheoec, opliaztzWeao,r d 2 foundation from the core selection, but will not be taught to the whole group as part of the core les- son. Students of all levels of language acquisition are taught these words: Beginning, Early Intermediate, Intermediate, and Early Advanced. A6VVR_CA_U2W2_RD10_key.indd83 3. Basic Words These words are chosen from the core selection, to fit a specific thematic category cinnamon seafood chocolate that will help EL learners increase their depth of vocabulary. These words are not singled out for 2/13/08 instruction to the whole group. Only students at the Beginning and Early Intermediate levels of language acquisition are taught these words. mousse coffee pizza The second half of the book supports the vocabulary presented in the English Language ROUTINEFUunint c3t Wioene kW 3 oSradvisn ga nGdra cPehrases Word 1 to capture the spirit Development component of the California Treasures reading program. The ELD Vocabulary 21.. DDIniescfipo nlrapey o etrahacethe c waacrodtri.odn isn wEnhgelriesh a,p rperfoerprriinagt et.o the photograph. 3. Have children say the word three times. presented is selected from the weekly Skill-Based English Learners Practice Reader. In the place of 4. Einxdpelapienn hdoewnt t wheosrek stiixm we,o hrdasv efi tc hiniltdor ean g wroruitpe, soern ctaetnecgeos rfyo. rD euarcinhg w ord. 13 (©bl )M ©a cDM. iFlliasnc hMecr Garnadw P-.H Liyllo •n sp/hCootloe cGrreoduitps/:P (htlo) t©od Jisocn/nGieet tMy iIlmesa/gPehso.t o(bdmis)c ©/G ePttixyt aIml/Saguepse.r S(ttco)c ©k. (Sbtro) c©kb yJtuep/iDteigriimtaal Vgiessio/Bnr/aGnedtt yX IPmicatguerse.s (/tAr)l a©m yC I mSqaugaerse. d Studios/Photodisc/Getty Images. the Basic Words categories, there are Content Words drawn from ELD Content Book selections. Structure of Book The Key Vocabulary and Function Words and Phrases sections both have two photos on each right-hand Word 2 tough enough page. Each photo represents one vocabulary word. The teacher script is located on the back of each card directly behind its accompanying photo. The Basic Words section shows six photos per page, followed by a teacher routine. The ELD Content Words section mimics this format with 4 to 6 words per page. Teacher Scripts The lessons found on the Key Vocabulary, Function Words and Phrases, and ELD Vocabulary sections are interactive in approach. They define the vocabulary words in English and Spanish, point out cognates (where appropriate), and provide strategies to get students talking and using the new language as much as possible; for example students: • chorally pronounce the word to focus on articulation • partner talk with structured sentence frames to use the word in oral speech • role-play to make the word come to life and use in everyday situations • connect the word to known words and phrases through sentence replacement activities • engage in movement activities to experience the word’s meaning The techniques make instruction engaging and memorable for students. These low-risk ways to practice speaking help students make connections and develop understanding as they acquire vocabulary. iv sensational Key Vocabulary Word 1 Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street precarious Word 2 sensational Key Vocabulary Word 1 Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 1. One word in the selection is sensational. Say word sensational. See the steep cliff walls that it with me: sensational. To be sensational is to have formed these mountains. It looks like the be wonderful or great. Last summer, I went on top of the mountains touch the clouds in the vacation in the mountains. The view from the sky. The view is absolutely sensational! top of the mountains was sensational! 5. Discuss with a partner how this picture 2. En español, sensational quiere decir “fantástico, illustrates the word sensational. Share your impresionante o llamativo, sensacional.” Si algo ideas with the class. es sensacional, llama la atención. El verano 6. Work with your partner to name as many pasado mi familia pasó las vacaciones en las things as you can that can be described using montañas. ¡La vista del sol saliendo encima de the word sensational. Explain why each one of las montañas fue sensacional! these things could be considered sensational. 3. Sensational in English and sensacional in 7. Now let’s say sensational together three more Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: sensational, sensational, sensational. the same and mean the same thing in both languages. precarious Key Vocabulary Word 2 TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 1. Another word in the selection is precarious. word precarious. (Point to the house in the Say it with me: precarious. When something photo.) See how the dirt on the hill is wearing is precarious it means it is “dangerous and away. The hill supports the house. The house unstable.” Some houses are built on the sides is in a precarious, or unstable, position. If the of hills or mountains. These homes can be dirt continues to wear away, the house could put in precarious positions when the hills or slide down the hill and be destroyed. mountains become damaged. 5. Discuss with a partner why you consider the 2. En español, precarious quiere decir ”peligroso house to be in a precarious position. Share e inestable, precario.” Algunas casas son your ideas with the class. (The house looks like construidas sobre colinas o al lado de it could fall down the hill.) montañas. Cuando algo le sucede a estas 6. Work with your partner to use the word colinas o montañas, estas casas son puestas en precarious in a sentence. Use the sentence una posición precaria: pueden ser dañadas o frame: This house is in a precarious position derrumbadas. because . 3. Precarious in English and precario in Spanish 7. Now let’s say precarious together three more are cognates. They sound almost the same times: precarious, precarious, precarious. and mean the same thing in both languages. 2 © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill • photo credits: (t) © Pixtal/age fotostock. (b) © Dr. Parvinder Sethi/McGraw-Hill Companies. extravagant Key Vocabulary Word 3 Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street unimaginable Word 4 extravagant Key Vocabulary Word 3 Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 1. Another word in the selection is extravagant. word extravagant. Look at the extravagant Say it with me: extravagant. When something limousine driving through the city. What is extravagant it means that it is “extreme and a long, fancy car! Most people don’t ride far beyond what you would normally expect.” in limousines every day. It must be a very The fresh rose petals, silk tablecloths, and important person riding in the extravagant jeweled candles were some of the extravagant limousine. decorations at the school dance. 5. Discuss why you might use the word 2. En español, extravagant quiere decir ”fuera de extravagant to describe this picture. Share las expectativas normales, extravagante.” Los your ideas with the class. (The limousine is pétalos de rosas frescos, los manteles de seda very fancy! This might be a famous person’s y las velas enjoyadas fueron algunas de las car. I think at least 10 people can fi t in it.) decoraciones extravagantes en el baile 6. Think about something you would describe del colegio. as extravagant. Share your idea with your 3. Extravagant in English and extravagante in partner and discuss why it is extravagant. Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say extravagant together three more the same and mean the same thing in both times: extravagant, extravagant, extravagant. languages. unimaginable Key Vocabulary Word 4 TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates 1. Another word in the selection is unimaginable. the word unimaginable. (Point to the tops Say it with me: unimaginable. When of the houses.) What you see in this picture something is unimaginable it is shocking and are the tops of houses. This used to be a hard to believe. The damage from a terrible neighborhood. A terrible storm brought so storm can be unimaginable. The wind and rain much rain to this area that all the homes were from terrible storms can destroy all the homes destroyed. in a neighborhood in a very short period of 5. Discuss with a partner how this picture time. illustrates the word unimaginable. Share your 2. En español, unimaginable quiere decir ”que ideas with the class. no se puede predecir, pensar o imaginar, 6. Pretend you live in this neighborhood. Work inimaginable.” El daño causado por una fuerte with a partner to describe this unimaginable tormenta puede ser inimaginable. El viento y situation to someone not living in the la lluvia de tormentas terribles pueden destruir neighborhood. Complete this sentence todas las casas de un barrio en poco tiempo. frame to express your ideas: The damage 3. Unimaginable in English and inimaginable from the storm was unimaginable because in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost . the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say unimaginable together three languages. more times: unimaginable, unimaginable, unimaginable. 4 © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill • photo credits: (t) © Lars A. Niki/McGraw-Hill Companies. (b) © Jocelyn Augustino/FEMA. lamented Key Vocabulary Word 5 Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street promenade Word 6 lamented Key Vocabulary Word 5 Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates 1. Another word in the selection is lamented. the word lamented. Look at the lady’s face. Say it with me: lamented. When you have She looks very upset. The back of her car lamented you have “shown sadness or felt is damaged. Another car must have hit her sorry” for something that has happened. I car. I know she feels very sorry for what has have lamented the fact that I gave up playing happened. the piano. 5. Discuss why you might use the word lamented 2. En español, to lament quiere decir ”lamentar, to describe this picture. Share your ideas with sentir y demostrar tristeza por algo que the class. (Examples include: The lady is very ha ocurrido.” Ayer algunos estudiantes no sad that her car was hit. I think she regrets permitieron que su compañero jugara con parking on the street.) ellos durante el recreo. Después de ver lo 6. Work with your partner to use the mal que lo hicieron sentir, lamentaron su word lamented in a sentence. Use this comportamiento. sentence frame: I lamented the time when 3. To lament in English and lamentar in Spanish . are cognates. They sound almost the same 7. Now let’s say lamented together three more and mean the same thing in both languages. times: lamented, lamented, lamented. promenade Key Vocabulary Word 6 TEACHER TALK MOVEMENT Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show what it is like to take a 1. Another word in the selection is promenade. promenade. Let’s imagine we are at the park Say it with me: promenade. A promenade enjoying an afternoon walk. Let’s slowly walk means “a slow and relaxing walk.” My family through the park. Now turn to a friend and likes to take a promenade through the park. smile as you promenade. Isn’t it relaxing to This gives us time to relax and talk about the promenade? events happening in our lives. 5. Promenade with a partner. Now walk quickly 2. En español, promenade quiere decir “un paseo with your partner. Let’s talk about what is o una caminata sin prisa y relajante.”A mi different between the ways you walked. familia le gusta tomar un paseo por el parque. Why was it more relaxing and enjoyable to Esto nos da tiempo para relajarnos y hablar de promenade? los acontecimientos en nuestras vidas. 6. Now let’s say promenade together three more 3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: promenade, promenade, promenade. word promenade. Look at how this family takes a promenade down the street. They are talking, smiling, and holding hands. One of the smallest children is sitting on the man’s shoulders. It looks like they are having a great time together! 6 © Macmillan/McGraw-Hill • photo credits: (t) © Corbis. (b) © Digital Vision/PunchStock.