Mitt.Münch. Ent. Ges. Plate 1 a: Palaeohelicopsycheserricornis Ulmfk, 1912, male and female with eggs; Baltic amber; Coli. Geological-Palaeon- tological Museum, University of Hamburg; Typ. Kat. Nr.: 3777. b: PalaeohelicopsycheserricornisUlmer, 1912, malegenitalia, ventral view; Balticamber; Coli. Geological-Palaeon- tological Museum, University of Hamburg; Typ. Kat. Nr.: 3777. 102 Plate 2 a: Palacohclicopsychc ;frotcae sp.n., male, lateral vievv; Baltic amber; Coli. Geological-Palaeontological Museum, University of Hamburg; Typ. Kat. Nr.: 3776. b: Palacolwlicopsychc ;^rotcac sp.n., male, dorsal vievv; Baltic amber; Coli. Geological-Palaeontological Museum, University of Hamburg; Typ. Kat. Nr.: 3776. 103 Fig. 1: Palaeohelicopsyche serriconüs (male), Baltic amber. Genitalia, ventral view. Genus Palaeohelicopsyche Ulmer, 1912 Type species: Palaeohelicopsyclic serriconüs Ulmer, 1912. Diagnosis: Male: Head strongly elaborated dorsad. Maxillary palp with second Joint slightly longer than firstJoint. Forewingwith Deaboutaslongashalfthewinglength. Forks 1 and2presentintheforewings. Cul simple, runs very close to and parallel with Cu2. Hind wings with forks 1 and 5. Spurs 2, 2, 4. Abdominal reticulation absent. VIth sternal process truncate. Gonocoxite with a large dorsal primary branch and a small ventral secondary branch. Female: with short dorsal lobes between the eyes. Fore wing with long De, as in male. Palaeohelicopsyche serricornis Ulmer, 1912 (pl. la, b, text-fig. 1) EmendationbasedonUlmer(1912).MalegenitaliadiffersfromthedescriptionbyUlmer(1912).Thepaired gonocoxitearewelldevelopedanddivideintoabroad,dorsalbranchandintoabifurcatedventralbranch. The ventral secondary branch isbasally broad, mediad with a short process, and distally slender, angled about90° and slightly pointed. Ulmerchangedbymistaketheprimarydorsalbranch with theappendices praeanales. The gonopodes were not completely visible. Both tongue-shaped primary branches of the paired gonopodes are dorso-laterally nearby the penis (from ventral view: behind the penis: pl. Ib, text- fig. 1). Material: Theexamined Baltic ambercontains 3 specimenofPalaeohelicopsycheserricornis Ulmer, 1912: male and femalewitheggs(pl. la)andseparatelyadecomposed malewithadistinctgenitalia (pl. Ib; text-fig. 1). Itiskept Coli. Geological-Palaeontological Museum, University of Hamburg; Typ. Kat. Nr. 3777. Theholotypedescribed byUlmer(1912) islost.AparatypeiskeptinSenckenberg-Museum,Frankfurt(Coli. Gwinner: SMF-Nr. VI 14a). 104 Figs2-6: Palncohclicopfii/chcgwtcacsp.n. (male), B:\hicäniber. 2. Head, dorsal view. 3. Mesonotum, dorsalview. 4. Head, lateral \ie\v. 5. Left fore leg. 6. Abdomen and genitalia, lateral view. Palacohelicopsi/che groteae sp.n. I J (pl. 2 a,b, text-figs. 2-6) I Holotvpe: Male within a clear Balticamber,Coli. Geological-Palaeontological Museum, UniversityofHamburg; Typ. kat. Nr. 3776. I Etymology: Dedicated to Hilda Grote, Heist near Hamburg. She made her interesting Baltic amber I (Pnlinvhclicopsi/chc scrriconiis Ulmhr, 1912: pl. la, b, text-fig. 1) available to cur study. Diagnosis: Head vvith two large dorsal lobes; scapes vvith a pair of small median and large distal ( processes. Fork 1 originate at basal half of De. Abdominal reticulation absent. Abdomen with large, I truncate Vlth sternal process. Genitalia have gonocoxites vvith primary branches large, oriented dorsally and slightly bent posteriad; vvith undulated dorsal margin; secondary brauch strongly pointed and I directed posteriad. Posterior marein of >;onoco\ite slit^htlv W-shaix'd. 105 Description: Head (text-figs. 2, 4) posteriorly on the dorsal part strongly extend into two lobes and occupied by a pair oflarge cephalic warts (text-figs. 2, 4). The lobes aredirected dorsad and are about as long as the eyes. In lateral view (text-fig. 4), the cephalic warts are visible only at the posterolateral part. Antennaewithscapeabout 1.3 x theeyediameter; havinga smallbasaland a largedistal mediad oriented process. Pedicelabout0.15 x thelengthofthescape. Maxillarypalpsarestraight,cylindrical;thebasalJoint lengthaboutastheeyediameter,thedistalJointisabout1.5 x longerthanthebasalJoint. Mesonotum(text- fig.3)withapairoflarge,ovalsetalwarts.Foreandhindwingscoveredbysmallscaloid setae(text-fig. 5). Forewingvenation(text-fig.5): Rl beginsaboutVsintothewing. Deverylong,abouthalfthewinglength; fork1 originatesbasallyontheDeandisaboutaslongasDe. R4+5bifurcatesclosetoandbeforecrossvein R3-R4; fork 2 short, without nigma; R5 is tangent to Ml with the deletion of crossvein R-M; R4 and R5 straight. Fork 3 slightly shorter than fork 2, slightly curving posteriad. M3-I-4 and cubital veins not apparent. Fore wing length 3.4mm, hind wing length 2.6mm. Abdominal reticulation absent. Abdomen with VIth sternal process well developed, originates about medially and oriented posteriad (text-fig. 6). Genitalia (text-fig. 6) withwell developeci gonocoxitedivided into a dorsal primaryand a ventral second- ary branch. The posterior margin smooth and substraight. The primary branch is oriented dorsad and slightly hook-shaped. Dorsal margin undulated, the undulations associated with setae. The secondary branch originates about medially, tapers strongly towards apex and is slightly curved mediad. Superior appendages, Xth tergum, basal branches and phallus not apparent. Palaeohelicopsychc sp. A (text-figs. 7-9) Description: Head,lateralview (text-fig. 7),aboutaslongashigh.TheeyeCoversabout75 % ofthelateral partofthehead. Apairofdorsallobespresent,butsmall. Scapeaboutaslongastheeyediameterand4 x the length of the pedicel. Frontal setal warts large, easily seen in lateral view. Maxillary palp with basal Joint slightly longer than scape and about as long as head diameter. Pronotalwarts unknown. A pair of large, oval mesonotal wartspresent. Forewing 5.0mm. Venation (text-fig. 8): De slightly shorterthan half the wing length. Fork 1 originates at about % the De, about as long as the De. R4+5 bifurcates before crossveinR3-R4. Fork2straight,shorterthanfork1.Crossvein R-Mshort,meetsMl-i-2closetobifurcation intoMl andM2. Fork3longM3+4originatesapproximatelyoppositetofork1.CrossveinM-Culong,ends about medially on Cula. Fork 5 present. Hind wing about 3.3mm. Venation (text-fig. 9): Fork 1 long; R2 aboutaslongas thestalk. Forks2,3,and4absent. Crossvein M-CumeetsCula atbasal part. Fork5large; Cula about as long as R2. Abdominal reticulation absent. Abdomen with truncate Vlth sternal process. Genitalia unknown. (Material: Female, Coli. Wichard, Bonn) Discussion Palaeohelicopsychcgrotcaesp.n.isonlyknownfrommales.Commonly,thewingvenationbetweenthesame sex of related species is very similar, and based on the examined material, definite association of the females arenotpossible. Thefindingofa second speciesconsequentlyraises a cjuestion about thevalidity of the associations made by Ulmer (1912). The two Palacohelicopsyche species both have strongly dorsad expanded processes between the eyes, a trend not known in other species within Helicopsychidae. The fore wing venation of Palacohelicopsyche is characteristic in that fork 1 originating medially or slightly basally on the De. This character is probably derived froma moredistaloriginoftheforkasfound withinallotherspeciesgroupsofthefamily, except in the recent Australian Helicopsyche (Johanson, 1995). In Palaeohelicopsychc the De is rather longer than in recent species. The Vlth sternal process of the two Palacohelicopsyche spp. is strongly truncate. This character State is unique to the Palacohelicopsyche and the Australian, New Zealand, and New Caledonian Helicopsyche. The shape of the gonocoxite of P. groteae sp.n. strongly resembles that of the Australian Helicopsyche tillyaniiMosely,1953(Johanson,1995),and theNewZealandendemicsHelicopsychezealamiicaHudson,1904 and HelicopsychehoioesiTillyard, 1924. In the New Zealand species thesecondarybranch is longer than in P. groteae sp.n. The shape of the primary branch of the gonocoxite of P. scrricornis Ulmlr, 1912 resembles the recent 106 Figs 7-9: PalacoliLiicoivi/clie sp. A (female), Balticamber. 7. Head, lateral view. 8. Left fore wing. 9. Right bind wing. EuropeanspeciesHelicopsycheshuttleivorthivonSiebold,1856and Hdicopsychehelicifex(Allen, 1857)andthe Oriental Helicopsyche amarawatlü Schmid, 1958, Helicopsyche k'iicothoe Schmid, 1993 and Helicopsyclw lata Ulmer, 1951. P. serriconiis differs from the rest of the species by the small lobe dorsally on the head; long discoidalcellandfork1 oftheforewing;absenceofabdominalreticulationandtruncatesternalprocessVI. P. groteae sp.n. differs from P. seiricornis Ulmer, 1912 by the median processes on the scapes, scaloid sctaconboth foreand bind wings, theabdomenwith longVIthsternalprocessand thegonocoxiteswhich in lateral view are divided into a broad and little curved primary and a long, pointed secondary branch. The female of PnJaeoJielicopsycJic seiriconüs Ulmer, 1912 and Pnlaeolielicopsyclie sp. A differs slightly in wing venation, but not in the same manner as between the males of the two. The fore wing of Palaeohel- icopsyche sp. A, have longer De, the crossvein M-Cul situated more basally, and Cu2 meets Cul at wing margin. The bind wings have longer fork 1. Both females have wings without scaloid setae. Thus, association to males probably is more complicated than demonstrated by Ulmer (1912). In summary, the Pnlneohelicopsychespeciesresemble therecentAustralianHelicopsychemorethan other recent species groups. The following list of characters may possibly be interpreted as synapomorphies: fork 1 originates mediallv on the discoidal cell, the truncate Vlth sternal process, and the shape of the gonocoxite. If so, nomenclatorial changes within Helicopsvchidae are consequentallv required. However, action in this direction will not bc taken before a more comprehensixe analvsis oi the character distribu- tions in the familv has been demonstrated. 107 Literature JOHANSON, K. A. 1995: Eight new species and a revised key to Australian Helicopsyche (Trichoptera:Helicopsy- chidae). - Ent. scand. 26, 241-272. Neboiss,A. 1986: Identityoftwocaddis-flyspeciesdescribedbyBrauerand Navas(Trichoptera).-Aquat. Insects 8, 99-104. Ross, H. H. 1944: The caddisflies orTrichoptera of Illinois. - Bull. 111. Nat. Hist. Surv. 23, 1-326. Ulmer, G. 1912: Die Trichopteren des baltischen Bernsteins. - Beitr. Naturkd. Preuss. 10, 1-380. t -- 1955: Köcherfliegen (Trichopteren) von der Sunda-lnseln. - Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 21, 408-608. Authors" addresses: Dr. Kjell ArneJohanson Museum ofZoology University ofBergen Museplass 3 N-5007 Bergen Norway Prof. Dr. Wilfried Wichard Institutf. Biologieund ihreDidaktik Universität zu Köln Gronewaldstraße 2 D-50931 Köln Germany 108