The Picturephone? System: Station Set Components Ty A, M, GORDON an J.B. SINGLETON (Macunipt recived Cotber 2, 100) The dowlopmost of th Piccurophons® stotion set roquivd the epecad ucgn of many naw elecronis compononta. Tass inluis new caren nd ‘play tubes for optoclecto conversion, 18 nterated civil using Vath {elie and tantatum felnoloin, amd several atonal ses dics ‘hie ortcle raviews the dtelopment ofthese cusom designed electri comment ‘Th Pctaophone uabion st sexe of cho met eopistinted items of ation enuient ree score) 4 el Syatem stoner Zot Sritsued twovsey censmur‘cornm, To eospl, Ubu Pietaephone Ration ac sereibles ¢wommerial closed ree texas am Fodver, However, tae operating tndtions re meckedly difermt tnd itnpose special sequrements any of tha component, To pro- ‘he tte opie to seca! onveron fm the tezanitter and the invert fn the veseiver, anette the mut an eon unetons, ‘puns ver A sletreel components fa the wation vet Tee rans {rom inrle psi diverts nesistore the eon diode array camara tube whieh contain crer 800000 deer i ie ajprstanaly 02 Store inch seve tages aes Ce ‘ibinations of hybrid integrated eireuite utilising both silicon ani tonto fedinologie elieon meni rity dre olde ‘ete devi, and dente pativevorputets ace incorporated on the Sarour cna, bows, Addioaal somparente const of fhe camera Sud clspley ther end ero scive aonsoirata deioes whieh are tied in he higbevotiage power py. The elie earonente teed inthe play, sono abd nervio unite one saan in Bg I “To dovden the eoplex sation ac eeuty in an entry fashion, ie wan every to dese erly in the deign whch potion of the ficeity wer do be sealed i Sntograted form. Some cies o> {1 vu se, avezase aremyr0st soma, raMUAHY 297 quired the pression tuning sniduble with tentatum thin-film tech- ology wnd were designed using hybrid inlegrated cients. Other ot ‘ully ere unecononsital in ep ed/or cont Lo be bail n dterete form nd their designs were realized in. monolithio silicon form In til teber cizouils it wes found that though they could be realised in ‘isorete form, # would be aivariageous to utilise the malehed char- ‘oleritis availae on econ chive, Thus intogeuted clevut designs swore te where fs mae bet veal 0° eeonomie eense to use Ue Gab of this design effort, uacerules joins by the Syatome Develop- reat and Devies groupe, 28 alicon integrated circuits (S1C) of 18 Aifnete designs evuleat or Pi 2 etesion a use, The rst bvidely sei BIC is tho bile Block eieuit which is used in coven Alifernt appiestions. A smplted Block ingen of the Picturepbone station st ix shown in Vig. 3, 8, and 4. Theo excite which ubiize byheid and monolithic Integrated eceile nce mavked accordingly ‘Several dierte componente were exstom designe (o operate under the special coatitons uid inthe Picturephone stotion vel Tale rrp 88 enarnasmeTs as to in this eategory are bipolar (nesilors, alin fle ater transis, ao sad 9 eoulevely inoresungrable packaged ele ill Nh yh toe ts ieon hil ene ing ce'eym whic eit spesal haraets ian tom deeigned and © tion forse ath Several uniqde propertics exe eguired of seamen lube for Picturepkone serviee!" Lile sn soiabisy aiast be consistent ith an ig 1Ronsver Hck dng. ‘Bel Systm standards. Phe exmera tube mast gperat in environments ‘whore there are bright lights cad high tenperslanes. [t ust withstand Toechanies) sone anil have the sblity to rouctempidly when called ‘upon. Tn mcoting these nbjeerive, the required power ust be Kept fs vinimam ang che mnofarining cas snust be suiclently Tow te Seis ao in Petrone serion ‘Theee roqurements ave fulfled In the design of thy Picturaphone camera tube, Unie pervious eamceza tubes which sxe un enwrplios fubetenoe athe phovoonnurkingelaant, thie dosimn uses an eeray 0” Aiodes (~626,000 in the Senne anes) c= waite crystal slik fon. This eppeouch reall in n Lage shesen in Pig having the fol- levying osear agen compared to un nenrphous large 8) Tei nat damaged by any rsasonsbls let oures, (G8) Soaitvly ia uaproved y= factor of eas 340 (i) Ty allows the wean sir be reetzuicaly changed wisbout satoeran eet (0) He pene ang il igre 6 eiowe the ciueractatw straraze which Ins bora designed vo sok! th slioon target ae thal ib ell wihetzad mocha! shol, Sn exeets of 50.G size wil be mcintsied st the temperature of the ‘mation set Sroxk panel, The Sewer. gun and cuan foousiag electrode Iron wineney eterna Seana emeus See ig lok ing of sn ad serie al 18 yun unex sver¥ar-Tromreat sounMA, PRARUARY un sre ansembled by brazing th netullic parts to high alumine etamie Holideteee bani glees ie wed for the envelope and vesls are made <ircotly betwoen glass end mei, Thie teemique oonteass with that {wel in ma vile doves, in wich a sof rvlal eal (auch us Stati) Tornss an Gnlcrtinge lager betwen glass aad eactal. An ‘advantage of the diet seal Babreen glace not molal is thst high rosesingtnperators ean be uted which enbiner Tong esthade ie ‘The onthe hae been desigeed to mateh the long life expected of the silicon target, A thin layer of nickel i used lo ont the electron ‘eve eahode paetioes 9 that the reralting cathode ean Ue oper= ‘ed lower lance or a given eurent, Use of this sostiog techniqu® along wich the proner nickel base allay provides euthode wich greator Cun Gve-Foar life rxpeetaney ‘Masafastring thrives al Zariiies ave been designed to on ‘nance relibility, Target are freoceeed and cubee cesembied within Taina ow york Wenehes whisk are installed within «roortZi with filler wir, Arserly wtatony ata ached na menner ta miniiee ‘ontamination of the work area, Final tbo eciauet is euced ut on fn alfsee high vasuun sation, with sftimate preceare atthe time ‘of tube pinch of uf abou: 2 % 10°* are, ‘The physical dasisn philosophy used in she sation set has been éo form, Marnfeare ofthe eamere, tbe The required eiexite are mounte willin the seamera packago us -be take cinuecturing plant. They inehude detec- tion eoie, magnaie ehisiling, wrahestonnts for eeflsation ouzzents, Fig |Chmer sabe tat 520TH RRL STEW TRREAE, JOURNAL, FRAY IL raster centering and all tube clctrode vollages as ehuwn in Fig. 7 Ajutmont ofthe cara: tsho wil nat he nsseary when i is mounted in te station wt ‘The enruera ale operates st @ peak signal current of 295 mA end ‘hes mat signal autpt in exoee of 200 A. At room temper tre the dl signal etre is aboot 10/18. For ineandescon? ight the verge stzaltivity iy 175 2A por 0 foolonle, Operation of the begins almost instantly when & eal eitiato’ or armored thik par= formance is attsined by mairtining the tubo ut 80 peroont of is operating hata: voltage doring standby porieds Requirements on the display ‘ube are also semomat more stingent Lan told be found fa anvmal eommersc] applications. Ts add ‘ion to providing long, unattended ble, aad thoce reistanve, the potential hazard of the envelope imploting must he eumsidered for Derconnel proterson. Implosion pectttion ie provided by applying a Tatrina‘ed vafety panel over the expoatd Zac of the tube. Additonal fmploson pocection is provided Zor the funnel portion of the inbe Jy vorpelely erenptating i. in a pavyorethaae jadket. Suze lhe feared polyarethene material edheros lo Use glass envelope, it pre- ‘ents cellapca ofthe funnel upon fracture of the display tabe "The Sislay tube ie manofactered with a noa-browaing gli fenvelae, ‘Thi insure thal lngeinre bomberdment of the lass by lhe high-vokageelecton bess will not result in 9 glee olor ehange ‘which might alter the apestrel quality of tao emitcd light. Convene tional sesling techniques ave sant tn deposit e white phosphor. To inorense suis’ gh. ail to peolecs the pesphor layer from ion ese anion ‘Ascambly of the elect sau wailing of lunes sel parte in performed on laminar tow benches. Cathode tscbaiquos, a described for the ecmers ‘ube, havo teen ake to msiiey fo capability. To further extend operating lite the aneraze ear eurant be ell to Ta keeping with tho tos ene, tn Piturephona display we eakage shown in Fig, 8 conlsine the dadlecon yoke sn onnlering Fig Choe view of Silay ae 522° sw nm SYREN THONTCAL JOUAAD, SAMUS components. The eatin: paskogs is agembled atthe tube mazufaeiae- ing pl, To Fziprove prestrain very bight ambit ight the Tamloated face plate which is appliod over the iran of she ube fo ‘implosion proton sonpertes SO portant The caemsieion Str. With thie fooe pte, less thin 9 perveu of Ue inn roor High i combined with the video display, yot oho hight brightnem ean ex- teed 100 foot lambert, daaly, tie online weonbly sewn in Fig. 9 neapeulated in the proviews” meational polvuerthane jackel. Thie toi, im adios to provide polation from fying glam in the feat of en implosion ofthe bal, alo rashes a fom and repron Eedble meccbuacn? allow fur sting within the ation act. The Eniehed unit provides package 0! canederable payeioalarength and plueament of play tube equiva only adjustment of zante see sand centering Pi Babe apy ta