PROJECT ECHO Satellite-Tracking Radar Fy 0. 5, DE LANGE, ‘Thin paper ts euro wih the radar empige ok Bll Parphone elorateie, Mall, Nex Ferny, ste for lacking tie Beko F elite ‘The rar we originally devia forthe ce purpons of ete poi. eenty, homer, has also bees emploged to meas earth-alloon-erth ith to aroun darn of tie a oder to xp trac of the eon Tike tat ‘he performance of the apse and some of the dato obtained are dis- cunt. ‘Th ie gona! deveripion of the aan followed by mare de ead deeriptione af the sso component hs operational play af fhe Project Pb experiment provided for minting of tae Teaming and wrviving antennas from calealatrd Gril te. Ths sugletraing radar wae inchnded as a hark up" to Thissyetem# Ta epanation the eur bee ound ta provideappiecitly Tdi pintaygateunaey Caan Ts obtained! fom te eompied data Ae rol, the orbital al are empl only ta ey Ue anne ped “anprosima‘ely sn tangs wilh the radar Cor optical telescope Ati Yeon of vib) poowiWding for more exat alignment “Avoonling ve the orginal concep: the radar wa intended to serve only the orp ut keying te tenes, pdioned ing eens sperimeir. Ta iver iat lyse aspera have prarically “tet, which aves ie with only tht rar as a gr rouse of eign ot siding Women efforts. Vader the present plan of operation "he halon tasked sppmsmately on pe wel and ite een eetion ‘termined {rin the stot ofthe eect radar eign aenel nd ggae! Pree ‘terete nnoact ee wi eats 1138 us ama seman aveHPSICAL SOMNAL, ZU HME ft Adoumaiiaing Pls ‘he antenva positioning plan fae the complete Holrdel teninal® is dnyn ow Fig. 1, Grbital Infrmatinn ie taken off yer tape by the ope tener ni i conerte fon gia tore fore by th digit anal sonverter This nis guso peertare ret! the psiiene file tron -ting dich val the nerving hur, ww = sho opie {Ueno ihe SE gan dsster. To nendon? syns on the tens Initinganterneconicl tke eition of he rave reeising antenna. The Dointingeroeinfornation derive irom the rac a ciplased before aa Uperator ut ti ME divector who applioe coasts Iv meme of 3 evi whies pues in souteolle asians of ete fn vaimunh and eleva ien unt the indicated errr oan eeduced to aern. During portals ot ‘iy The wptical else ea act be np pel bs strep Iginforwatinn. It is ev del. chat, omer a si arqnied, pointing eld be sued ont entirely ih formation som che radar or open ‘Selem: However, the eontal provided by the dia ta analog comer inks ooqision murs easier and provide on excllent tracking aid, vith abe maar or tea syste simpy indicating the srortnn whieh se ede Up to Ue yneee time she hav bons 26 attempts ub auieteacking she sell. Some Tinted exporimeats on auvomte allowing tho Toon deer fn hale ert a Design Oboe ‘he dar wae desig ae che tllesing piers: 1 Tel p be capable wl seg the 100 Ie ln ve a rags of S00 2. A poiating arorcey of about 201° was desired A Aeeurste rang infra sol eid 1 1 bad tow eoxapatble pith the eonauniessonesystem, shou both sharon enn seine ad rane tting cna a Kae Pecormance once fo soma inital apwrating differ, the performance of the tavker Ine heen sotstetory, Mure Usun TOD socetstal tracking. es Thave Fern taal ni he cin chit a erent hes almost chases Poca cela dsison of ha Holndel terol sop por sanuamnecsaseninie nabase ua : Lage been pails ta nue a sgpal om the allan ns sn us la sfewe gece aloe te hvetaon and to muir sooteet unl. hay Ahopped lo wins dno of she peste heise "Vie In-sniss pean aaron ax be cory sae with eect Volare lighted in, Dior peel of ean Ia ity thas rver hao tememod ni 180 es in a Uegele ben i, te tii cates wg fe ne ie evs. This eon 0 Lh froviter abe power wnlnl esaeiated ia ppendie Tring serie viii ees beet posite In empath saa poizing wovmatint sth the Tete seule iret obtain Fifi mes, This" wnnapiahed by altreatirg bee te eee Feed to sete inate piel enn zen ad Te eas ge fomase he valoned mazar gor oro, Th che el wpa hl ate aly goes on iltin ow ve to tons of a dees, axeept for stort pete on some cavena post. Wa, 2 1 phe atone eet of cts be tined in thiemacser, ithe i data Seng weed as laser “The sis on this pn geen se, ith each division ey sho one mizate: the unlirales an ange evior in egress Lhe surouuarecmuscaane wave 110 ‘ours represent et i it be i ar te alae Coin Bern Oi ad ML GAL the ballon tas passin thru ite print of mares poate, Ne ew y thee, He eerie 3 pastel bit saint dts eevee savin ab hin ioe, Ii troy 12% It evidens that re radar dats ane censerably better hat the computa dats, speciy su cai, "The aystem i sihjart ta eaces de to parle Between te tree vil (ae eviing nay anteater eae of tations, and to hue of estes algument betwoon the vith ae in the seceiving eaveura. AMhotu eal of these ern ns tha a fal up enosgh fo bvons: sgn fr paris sue lve por Fortitayy leaned ata dave hot lt Tang abd! maximum at he pi aarest appt 2° the ballon, whese she signal level is zr enouul 9 lin fe sonce seeepsey i ping. Tae rar det Iieve boo fi fete: necuute nn te atl lta, en et hes averse pases, Eig, Srepreente the recived igual, as ical by the AGC sul sag, lor par of pus 21, whieh woe Temnedod on Feemary 2 1661 ihe nowt eave i pinto she thera alo of ena stench, Over ie period ft shows, the onal ne He nak wey HA fc the eat vty exp daring periods af defuse Ha aden shorn thier Fartae typi] este hie tiene at thigh “hab sie (hh fe somewhas deepor that Ul, Sencar ave uscally cone Silerlily preter nthe Deginting avd atthe end ef a pass than ¢= the Pisin, pulse tasers et le he a ah ear the bois (Charis snilar ta te one shown og. & ave Keen peepaned or 0 aes af the cei, From the charts ths average dhtrence be- tier the defi eign foe! andthe sued sos asin ae fers8l pune betwen eer 20, 195, ond Met 2, WA. Tee lore Bane Lida wens ego msemnican ZONAL, SUEY Lot aT reel ocr ate abo plotted ou Jig, 1 stmt wre wa Ura Uegh Sn averoge o! these points hr nn allem. So desernige any long tte tread, he eurve iets th he es lng soe Ealing fn aes Signal seuss sine wr lar rosonling,teigh nok mone Kan aboot 1S db, This sles than the spread from one aes to the next, to lly signa, ‘Chere has oven wo sinifeun change in Tila wc nvee Uh pied Zor mis we Bave reeds, [tev (ia Hon ce Ian geet ela che veo aap of Uw ll The present tine, Unfertnctely. cculpa-ext aes uck ass up to revonk serie dak, Lene Ostabe= 2 ‘ln mmerou oususins she pula fasion oval Uo tmnk tie men, Big, resrdng of ie eels sel or pr seh open. A ovtatending fein of the rene ete tepid aed contin dof tre nigra Those astustione ace noma ta oe grater Eu mre rail nu inlvalisl un This hae’, bere the iadintions were Lites by the tina eonsest ofthe rsooding exgrnent Irv tne weve gual vel Tiyeatt- moore: pth ls alte a he 208-7 fh, ope Ion 3A8. i qnneed hy Heese Zor our foe Apres B ig, § — Roto ngs rm he ts amu 8,1 ovinuuarecrnscmea Rank 8 ‘at Geral crrangomante "To pw sme high-contrast and lage tenet Ling teas foe ti ac ald vr berate expensive and added ‘insoenby rhe const of te syesni, oe tees reasons i ae fkeided that the trausnitee ats ctansneicg antenna employed for omzinieatons shot be shared yy the rade yr renner ‘lion, The eave bencwidt ofthe srarmtter wuld Fave algae fc vcde separation betes the cormibns ard made Foes freqneney assignment, Fone, imsed “he apeg ta ane mega, sith the madara abe higher feeuong’. Ahh Ub peng we lh int to allow separatinn of she igual in ho ceceivers, a same) fener pacing would rae hoe adernogren "Tho rar train snl roseeer wr ars la 1 Ween eel ‘oh trae wed ff shal Tv thi way ing i epic ay hoving the rerciver on erly diving tmre wea the “rapemiter ie ef, ‘iy: ging ales var) Petra (and 4 ees depending pom the range he bulb. Tv ald voraing ashe nary rage of hae Tate arivoe hy te magated eomuvnisesione trom, «Wa Tevvirng ste sme choerr ata distance nf agpenimatelr oae ul se Ther miles oth the transmis, The rorsving aston, whieh i pr ‘ de wit oneal sean, be “algo” tI crue tone by Incas af exreeo siznals eae ee evn in ve Pigs Thre in ling of the rane ting utienta, Poiting-eeregna'2 are Sent ‘en span lines bask to che extouns-comtralceatarwtre te ane race correct ip antenna pointing are made manual 2g Troaenator Since the éransnsver i verbo Sv dla in w cup yee it wiltte dieussed wily very heey Tate. From the Bek digas Fig 8 we ean or Ul th val setion of the raster consists ofa crystal ontlled olla‘, 9 exved harmonic generar, and n-attomadar oe ela ss sone with Ue bane ems i rising apie To Ue ser al anpitor is lows Hoe ing emplifer the Tomo signel i wvedneted yp to KILN re and the rar sige up to 96105 na Thew oe sige ane ample isle teacousy by the kiyscon power amplifier which hus a baudedth of 1161 yom mena svamiag phone JOM EE nL ie T_ Liecanne of the early high seni ofthe recess reas say to have (ve Irv ie ri of at all tines hen she seeker i fu. Iya ona ley rsperies thar aatlemte ineforenbe at te Foveivor nel mbagees Fu eile nm a Te mnt ‘ie, even thnagk tae ovlister wa wll ('eerd se eile an die Funimrted trom the exer. Thie ruled fom the tigh geia o? che tranenittr Betsecn tho FI-ine “yal ase the antente, Doese of thie ‘ese -onne eeessary fo ens neler operating at a subhannerie ITT von and gave the haranone genet teat is roqsined ta eb Dv fosaed toequeney. ‘Dering ciuultaneocs notion th trasantsr power i shared, wll 1745 a norm woh 2 the stant elated wn 28 kw the Shahar Becae of emplitude aeolineartos in ce rane ury, hate 5 Tinton between se tag Ta the Ge cae, pling a ho rear gal preduote ampli eda of the eommauriestions signal at te ple petition save. TH be pele to redo sie rasta wo cleat Yak, longs sai Hn use zepetition Feeguoncy ivory Tow. Secondly, the malar gu i enaprered by © sgusieant amour who the commutation sia + ptesent simulteaeouly. For chis Feawn itis necsauy fe adj Her (wo sigual totho deed so wi sTennatreriacesé nanan 16s Toh present aether than ating each iadiidualy This is diced mone flyin Rel 3 ‘The (runing iene the same ou that $e used for oom. reunions 4. 1 Ba Kenedy dia 128 Resising Sylow ig. 7 ie blo dingram of Ye compte: dor rceving aystem, The 9 Some signal reesved hy the conical antenna is amplified bya loner paar ample aud beteryued dove lo 0 rT soi the ed far uty Joints, thie ample nd a sston of the 3.286 TF sumpliter aw mounted diresly on tie antenna and. move with i loon aint a sera. Lhe Dane tpn 8 eacted to (he adr shock theough length of fesble consi enble. Tae TF sial is pissed rugs ergata le having, Wao 200 e, shiek Fufeient lo fae eure Dapp si eal errno ta oe truce dh ierforence pled up fea the comazuniestone traps. ‘Mie iter, the Osa igual fe ampled by tee mae Palen, whi ig sbi al an sgl Av the sceonl somsetey The nig saqueney is redoed to 181 fay sxing the me git she 29 3€C9-sne ota che olay AL aeilacer. The ANC rot, voltages are applied (this evils. At the output of the HB T-ke 1 aiplifer, whch basa hoodedth of soprovntaly Ie, te sige al des to Fo gate, One path tains Sloe with si ele bandsith: the other inelades ler with i cya und, The de earpst of the detector suppsid bi the lke ie Fri aid ath tiniest the pense of a sgsal and ws the AGC contto velage tne the main 80-me ample. Prom aeother deter ‘hihi engin theongs the stdevole tee. wo derive the four ie Tag equee. "Pie nbn frequency se Altered, amid, wal wpe forthetsbing detectors At thes etetors Uns hii alae ompated bil the reference volgger derived Irth antenna lei Tb Feta geal, whisk syptesest evar is aziwsth eg elevation, 27> Faionie en meters at che sovivng sta ads.) om en ie Grsiees a Loe mtemraccarrst position on Creer LL Horan of Deer il se nsenedeigeal tease mey Aor fen tha wf the Tears signal by ae muh as 5 <2. Automat Tae wan cleats ave nove keep the zeoive i te. To i