T British Sociability B HE STUDY OF SOCIABILITY in the long eighteenth century has long r i been dominated by the example of France. In this innovative collection, t i s we see how a distinctively British model of sociability developed in the period h in the from the Restoration of Charles II to the early nineteenth century through S o a complex process of appropriation, emulation and resistance to what was c Long Eighteenth Century happening in France and other parts of Europe. ia b The contributors use a wide range of sources – from city plans to letter-writing il i manuals, from the writings of Edmund Burke to poems and essays about the t y social practices of the tea table, and a variety of methodological approaches to i n explore philosophical, political and social aspects of the emergence of British t h sociability in this period. They create a rounded picture of sociability as it e happened in public, private and domestic settings – in Masonic lodges and radical L clubs, in painting academies and private houses – and compare specifi c examples o n and settings with equivalents in France, bringing out for instance the distinctively g homo-social and predominantly masculine form of British sociability, the role of E sociability within a wider national identity still fi nding its way after the upheaval ig h of civil war and revolution in the seventeenth century, and the almost unique t e capacity of the British model of sociability to benefi t from its own apparent e tensions and contradictions. n t h C Valérie Capdeville is Senior Lecturer in British Civilisation at the University e n of Paris 13. t u Alain Kerhervé is Professor of British Studies at the Faculté des Lettres et r y Sciences Humaines Victor Segalan, University of West Brittany (UBO Brest). Contributors: Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire, Valérie Capdeville, Michèle Cohen, Norbert Col, Annick Cossic, Brian Cowan, Rémy Duthille, Markman Ellis, E d Allan Ingram, Emrys Jones, Alain Kerhevé, Elisabeth Martichou, anited Marie-Madeleine Martinet, Ian Newman, Jane Rendall. A dV by laa inlé Cover image: A Glee. Une Allegresse (1786), by Robert Dighton. (Courtesy of the Lewis K rie Walpole Library, Yale University). erC ha ep rvd ée ST U DI E S I N T H E E IG H T E E N T H C E N T U RY vi Challenging the Anglo-French Connection l le Edited by Valérie Capdeville and Alain Kerhervé This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:52:41 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms British Sociabilty cover proof03.indd 1 24/12/2018 16:08 British Sociability in the Long Eighteenth Century This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:52:41 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 1 11/04/2019 10:46 Studies in the Eighteenth Century 2398–9904 This major series from Boydell & Brewer, published in association with the British Society for Eighteenth Century Studies, aims to bring into fruitful dialogue the different disci- plines involved in all aspects of the study of the long eighteenth century (c.1660–1820). It publishes innovative volumes, singly or co-authored, on any topic in history, science, music, literature and the visual arts in any area of the world in the long eighteenth cen- tury and particularly encourages proposals that explore links among the disciplines, and which aim to develop new cross-disciplinary fields of enquiry. Series editors: (cid:90)(cid:381)(cid:400)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:258)(cid:367)(cid:367)(cid:258)(cid:400)(cid:410)(cid:286)(cid:396)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:374)(cid:349)(cid:448)(cid:286)(cid:396)(cid:400)(cid:349)(cid:410)(cid:455)(cid:3)(cid:381)(cid:296)(cid:3)(cid:75)(cid:454)(cid:296)(cid:381)(cid:396)(cid:282)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:60)(cid:854)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:258)(cid:425)(cid:346)(cid:286)(cid:449)(cid:3)(cid:39)(cid:396)(cid:286)(cid:374)(cid:271)(cid:455)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:286)(cid:449)(cid:272)(cid:258)(cid:400)(cid:410)(cid:367)(cid:286)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:374)(cid:349)(cid:448)(cid:286)(cid:396)- (cid:400)(cid:349)(cid:410)(cid:455)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:60)(cid:854)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:381)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:396)(cid:410)(cid:3)(cid:24)(cid:856)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:437)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:286)(cid:374)(cid:374)(cid:3)(cid:94)(cid:410)(cid:258)(cid:410)(cid:286)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:374)(cid:349)(cid:448)(cid:286)(cid:396)(cid:400)(cid:349)(cid:410)(cid:455)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:94)(cid:4)(cid:854)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:258)(cid:396)(cid:364)(cid:3)(cid:60)(cid:374)(cid:349)(cid:336)(cid:346)(cid:410)(cid:400)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:374)(cid:349)(cid:448)(cid:286)(cid:396)(cid:400)(cid:349)(cid:410)(cid:455)(cid:3)(cid:381)(cid:296)(cid:3)(cid:116)(cid:258)(cid:396)(cid:449)(cid:349)(cid:272)(cid:364)(cid:853)(cid:3) (cid:104)(cid:60)(cid:854)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:286)(cid:374)(cid:258)(cid:437)(cid:282)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:381)(cid:396)(cid:349)(cid:286)(cid:437)(cid:454)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:374)(cid:349)(cid:448)(cid:286)(cid:396)(cid:400)(cid:349)(cid:410)(cid:455)(cid:3)(cid:381)(cid:296)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:258)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:396)(cid:349)(cid:282)(cid:336)(cid:286)(cid:853)(cid:3)(cid:104)(cid:60) Previously published: Material Enlightenment: Women Writers and the Science of Mind, 1770–1830, Joanna Wharton, 2018 Celebrity Culture and the Myth of Oceania in Britain, 1770–1823, Ruth Scobie, 2019 This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:52:41 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 2 11/04/2019 10:46 British Sociability in the Long Eighteenth Century Challenging the Anglo-French Connection Edited by Valérie Capdeville and Alain Kerhervé THE BOYDELL PRESS This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:52:41 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 3 11/04/2019 10:46 © Contributors 2019 All Rights Reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner First published 2019 The Boydell Press, Woodbridge ISBN 978 1 78327 359 1 The Boydell Press is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc. 668 Mt Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620–2731, USA website: www.boydellandbrewer.com A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library The publisher has no responsibility for the continued existence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate This publication is printed on acid-free paper This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:52:41 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 4 11/04/2019 10:46 Contents List of illustrations vii List of contributors ix Foreword by Michèle Cohen xiii Acknowledgements xvi Introduction é Val rie Capdeville and Alain Kerhervé 1 Part 1 Emergence of new political and social practices 5 1 ‘Restoration’ England and the history of sociability Brian Cowan 7 2 Mapping sociability on Restoration townscapes Marie-Madeleine Martinet 25 3 Club sociability and the emergence of new ‘sociable’ practices Valérie Capdeville 45 4 The tea-table, women and gossip in early eighteenth-century Britain Markman Ellis 69 Part 2 Competing models of sociability 89 5 ‘Amateurs’ vs connoisseurs in French and English academies of painting Elisabeth Martichou 91 6 Masonic connections and rivalries between France and Britain Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire 109 7 Competing models of sociability: Smollett’s repossession of an ailing British body Annick Cossic-Péricarpin 127 This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:53:35 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 5 11/04/2019 10:46 vi Contents 8 A theory of British epistolary sociability? Alain Kerhervé 145 9 Gender and the practices of polite sociability in late eighteenth-century Edinburgh Jane Rendall 163 Part 3 Paradoxes of British sociability 183 10 In company and out: the public/private selves of Johnson and Boswell Allan Ingram 185 11 Friendship and unsociable sociability in eighteenth-century literature Emrys Jones 199 12 The anti-social convivialist: toasting and resistance to sociability Ian Newman 219 13 Sociability and the Glorious Revolution: a dubious connection in Burke’s philosophy Norbert Col 237 14 Respectability vs political agency: a dilemma for British radical societies Rémy Duthille 251 Conclusion Valérie Capdeville 271 Bibliography 275 Index 295 This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:53:35 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 6 11/04/2019 10:46 (cid:47)(cid:367)(cid:367)(cid:437)(cid:400)(cid:410)(cid:396)(cid:258)(cid:410)(cid:349)(cid:381)(cid:374)(cid:400) Figure 1. Genealogy of the Russell family and map of associated London place names (from Georgian Cities http://www.18thc.cities.paris-sorbonne.fr) 30 Figure 2. A strip map by John Ogilby, Britannia (1675) 33 Figure 3. Frontispiece of John Ogilby’s Britannia (1675) 34 Figure 4. Gresham College, by George Vertue (1740) 35 Figure 5. Byrsa Londinensis, vulgo The Royall Exchange of London (1644), by Wenceslaus Hollar (1607–77). (Royal Collection Trust / © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, 2018) 36 Figure 6. Sutton Nicholls, The Monument to the Great Fire of London, 1671–76 (c. 1754). (Courtesy of the Lewis Walpole Library, Yale University) 38 Figure 7. Robert Hooke, Picture Box (1694) 41 Figure 8. Members of the Society of Dilettanti, by William Say (printmaker, 1812–16), after Joshua Reynolds (1777–78). (Courtesy of the Lewis Walpole Library, Yale University) 65 Figure 9. The Tea-Table, c. 1710. (Courtesy of the Lewis Walpole Library, Yale University) 83 The editors, contributors and publisher are grateful to all the institutions and persons listed for permission to reproduce the materials in which they hold copyright. Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders; apolo- gies are offered for any omission, and the publisher will be pleased to add any necessary acknowledgement in subsequent editions. This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:53:45 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 7 11/04/2019 10:46 The publishers and editors acknowledge the generous financial support of the Université de Bretagne Occidentale This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:53:45 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 8 11/04/2019 10:46 Notes on contributors Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire is Professor of Early Modern History at the Uni- versity of Côte d’Azur (France) and an honorary fellow of the Institut Universitaire de France. He chaired the ‘Centre de la Méditerranée moderne et contemporaine’. His research concerns the history of the Enlightenment in France and Europe, freemasonry, sociability and networks in the eighteenth century. He is the author of fifteen books, among which are Le Mythe de l’Europe française. Diplomatie, culture et sociabilités au temps des Lumières (Paris, 2007) ; Echec au roi. Irre- spect, contestations et révoltes dans la France des Lumières (Paris, 2015). He recently edited La Communication en Europe de l’âge classique au siècle des Lumières (Paris, 2014); Religious Interactions in Europe and the Mediterranean World: Coexistence and Dialogue from Twelfth to the Twentieth Centuries (London, 2017) with Katsumi Fukasawa and Ben- jamin Kaplan; Moving Scenes: The Circulation of Music and Theatre in Europe, 1700–1815 (Oxford, 2018) with Philippe Bourdin and Charlotta Wolff. Valérie Capdeville is a Senior Lecturer in British History and Civilisation at the University of Paris 13 (France). She has specialised in the social and cultural history of British clubs and sociability in the eighteenth century. She is the author of L’Age d’or des clubs londoniens (1730–1784) (Paris, 2008) and she co-edited La Sociabilité en France et en Grande- Bretagne au siècle des Lumières, vol. 3. Les Espaces de sociabilité (Paris, 2014) with Eric Francalanza. She is currently working on the exportation of the British club model to the American colonies (1720–70). She is the co-founder of the GIS Sociabilités/Sociability in the Long Eighteenth Century (an international Research Interest Group) and the President of its Scientific Council. Michèle Cohen is Emeritus Professor in Humanities at Richmond Ameri- can International University in London. She works on education, gender and national character. She is the author of Fashioning Masculinity: National Identity and Language in the Eighteenth Century (Abingdon, This content downloaded from 129.215.17.188 on Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:54:02 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Z01 Capd Book B.indb 9 11/04/2019 10:46