British Military Intervention and the Struggle for Jordan British Politics and Society SERIES EDITOR: PETER CATTERALL The Making of Channel 4 Defi ning British Citizenship Edited by Peter Catterall Empire, Commonwealth and Modern Britain Managing Domestic Dissent in Rieko Karatani First World War Britain Brock Millman Television Policies of the Labour Party 1951–2001 Reforming the Constitution Des Freedman Debates in Twentieth Century Britain Edited by Peter Catterall, Wolfram Creating the National Health Kaiser and Ulrike Walton-Jordan Service Aneurin Bevan and the Medical Lords Pessimism and British War Policy, Marvin Rintala 1916–1918 Brock Millman A Social History of Milton Keynes Amateurs and Professionals in Middle England/Edge City Post-War British Sport Mark Clapson Edited by Adrian Smith and Dilwyn Porter Scottish Nationalism and the Idea of Europe A Life of Sir John Eldon Gorst Concepts of Europe and the Nation Disraeli’s Awkward Disciple Atsuko Ichijo Archie Hunter The Royal Navy in the Falklands Conservative Party Attitudes to Confl ict and the Gulf War Jews 1900–1950 Culture and Strategy Harry Defries Alastair Finlan Poor Health The Labour Party in Opposition Social Inequality Before and After the 1970–1974 Black Report Patrick Bell Edited by Virginia Berridge and Stuart Blume The Civil Service Commission 1855–1991 Mass Conservatism A Bureau Biography The Conservatives and the Public Richard A. Chapman Since the 1880s Edited by Stuart Ball and Ian Holliday Popular Newspapers, the Labour Inside the Welfare State Party and British Politics Foundations of Policy and Practice James Thomas in Post-War Britain Virginia A. Noble In the Midst of Events The Foreign Offi ce Diaries and British Military Intervention and Papers of Kenneth Younger, the Struggle for Jordan February 1950–October 1951 King Hussein, Nasser and the Edited by Geoffrey Warner Middle East Crisis, 1955–1958 Stephen Blackwell Strangers, Aliens and Asians Huguenots, Jews and Bangladeshis in Spitalfi elds 1666–2000 Anne J. Kershen Conscription in Britain 1939–1964 The Militarization of a Generation Roger Broad German Migrants in Post-War Britain An Enemy Embrace Inge Weber-Newth and Johannes-Dieter Steinert The Labour Governments 1964– 1970 Edited by Peter Dorey Government, the Railways and the Modernization of Britain Beeching’s Last Trains Charles Loft Britain, America and the War Debt Controversy The Economic Diplomacy of an Unspecial Relationship 1917–1941 Robert Self Reginald McKenna Financier among Statesmen, 1863–1916 Martin Farr British Military Intervention and the Struggle for Jordan King Hussein, Nasser and the Middle East Crisis, 1955–1958 Stephen Blackwell New York London First published 2009 by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Simultaneously published in the UK by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” © 2009 Stephen Blackwell All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trade- marks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Blackwell, Stephen. British military intervention and the struggle for Jordan : King Hussein, Nasser and the Middle East crisis, 1955-1958 / by Stephen Blackwell. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Jordan—Foreign relations—Great Britain. 2. Great Britain—Foreign relations— Jordan. 3. United States—Foreign relations—Arab countries. 4. Arab countries—Foreign relations—United States 5. Egypt—History—Intervention, 1956. 6. Nationalism— Jordan. I. Title. DS154.16.G7B53 2009 956.04'4—dc22 2008023453 ISBN 0-203-88714-X Master e-book ISBN ISBN10: 0-7146-5699-2 (hbk) ISBN10: 0-203-88714-X (ebk) ISBN13: 978-0-7146-5699-1 (hbk) ISBN13: 978-0-203-88714-1 (ebk) al n o ati N e h t 9, 9 8 1 1/ 1 M E R P ( 7 5 9 1 e at l n i st a E e dl d Mi e h t n i s e c r o f y r a milit of s n o siti o spn). Dio d n e o cL ntispiehives, oc FrAr Contents List of Abbreviations xi Acknowledgements xiii 1 Introduction: Jordan, Suez and the Decline of British Infl uence in the Middle East 1 2 Glubb’s Jordan: The Arab Legion, the Hashemites and the Nationalist Challenge, 1948–1956 10 3 Amman Under the Shadow of Nasser: Jordanian Nationalism and the Suez Crisis, April–November 1956 31 4 The British Abandonment and the American Retrieval of Jordan, November 1956–April 1957 50 5 The Kings Against the Colonels: Jordan and the Anglo- American Plot to Overthrow the Syrian Government, 1957 70 6 Combating Nasser: Anglo-American Support for Jordan, Iraq and Lebanon, November 1957–June 1958 89 7 The Baghdad Coup and the Macmillan Government’s Decision to Intervene in Jordan, 14–17 July 1958 107 8 A Tenuous Foothold: British Paratroops Deploy in Amman, July–August 1958 126 9 Managing the International Crisis: Creating a UN ‘Mantle’ for Jordan, September–November 1958 144 10 Belated Reappraisals: Anglo-American Policy, Regional Nationalism and the Future of Jordan, November 1958–March 1959 162
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