British Journal of Nutrition British Journal of Nutrition Edited for the Nutrition Society Editor-in-Chief P Trayhurn, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Deputy Editors P S Shetty, Food & Nutrition Division, FAO, Rome, Italy S Klaus, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Berghloz-Rehbruche, Germany Reviews Editor A G Dulloo, Institute of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland Supplements Editor K N Frayn, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Book Reviews Editor S C Langley-Evans, Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK Editorial Board Y Akiba, Sendai, Japan S Edwards, Newcastle, UK A M Molloy, Dublin, Ireland S B Astley, Norwich, UK C Farquharson, Edinburgh, UK I Noor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia V E Baracos, Alberta, Canada D R Fraser, Sydney, NSW, Australia J I Pederson, Oslo, Norway T Basu, Alberta, Canada F Ginty, Cambridge, UK J Reilly, Glasgow, UK F Bellisle, Paris, France B E Golden, Aberdeen, UK J M Rhodes, Liverpool, UK I F F Benzie, Hong Kong, SAR, China J E Hesketh, Newcastle, UK W Stahl, Dusseldorf, Germany B J Bequette, College Park, MD, USA G Holtrop, Aberdeen, UK A Tremblay, Québec, Canada J C Brand-Miller, Sydney, Australia D R Jacobs Jr, Minneapolis, MN, USA K Tucker, Boston, USA P B Brown, West Lafayette, IN, USA E Kienzle, Munich, Germany R Uauy, Santiago, Chile P C Calder, Southampton, UK M Laville, Lyon, France M van Baak, Maastricht, The Netherlands J Dallongeville, Lille, France J Lee, Palmerston North, New Zealand R J Wallace, Aberdeen, UK L Davidsson, Riischlikon, Switzerland H J McArdle, Aberdeen, UK S J Whiting, Saskatchewan, Canada N M Delzenne, Brussels, Belgium M I McBurney, Battle Creek, MI, USA P Yaqoob, Reading, UK P Deurenberg, Chiltern Park, Singapore E L Miller, Cambridge, UK Editorial staff A § Thiruchelvam (Publications Coordinator), K Chan and C Helliar (Publications Assistants) C T Hughes (Sub-editor) VOLUME 91, 2004 Published by CABI Publishing on behalf of The Nutrition Society CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8DE, UK and 44 Brattle Street, 4th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA © The Nutrition Society 2004 Typeset and printed by the Alden Group, Oxford. Contents of Volume 91 (All rights reserved) Trayhurn P Of genes and genomes — and dark matter (Editorial). Liitjohann D Sterol autoxidation: from phytosterols to oxyphytosterols (Invited commentary). Cotter AA & Cashman KD Lack of dose-responsive effect of dietary phyto-oestrogens on transepithelial calcium transport in human intestinal-like Caco-2 cells (Short communication). Whanger PD Selenium and its relationship to cancer: an update (Review article). Lewis PD Responses of domestic fowl to excess iodine: a review (Review article). Harrington M, Bennett T, Jakobsen J, Ovesen L, Brot C, Flynn A & Cashman KD The effect of a high-protein, high-sodium diet on calcium and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women and its interaction with vitamin D receptor genotype. Astley SB, Hughes DA, Wright AJA, Elliott RM & SouthonS DNA damage and susceptibility to oxidative damage in lymphocytes: effects of carotenoids in vitro and in vivo. Astley SB, Elliott RM, Archer DB & Southon S_ Evidence that dietary supplementation with carotenoids and carotenoid-rich foods modulates the DNA damage:repair balance in human lymphocytes. Robson AB, Sykes AR, McKinnon AE & Bell ST A model of magnesium metabolism in young sheep: transactions between plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and bone. Kim MK, Sasaki S, Sasazuki S, Okubo S, Hayashi M & Tsugane S_ Long-term vitamin C supplementation has no markedly favourable effect on serum lipids in middle-aged Japanese subjects. Palazzetti S, Rousseau A-S, Richard M-J, Favier A & MargaritisI Antioxidant supplementation preserves antioxidant response in physical training and low antioxidant intake. Grandgirard A, Martine L, Demaison L, Cordelet C, Joffre C, Berdeaux O & Semon E Oxy- phytosterols are present in plasma of healthy human subjects. Fidler MC, Walczyk T, Davidsson L, Zeder C, Sakaguchi N, Juneja LR & Hurrell RF A micronised, dispersible ferric pyrophosphate with high relative bioavailability in man. Bohn T, Walczyk T, Davidsson L, Pritzkow W, Klingbeil P, Vogl J & Hurrell RF Comparison of urinary monitoring, faecal monitoring and erythrocyte analysis of stable isotope labels to determine magnesium absorption in human subjects. Wang Z, Yin S, Zhao X, Russell RM & Tang G {-Carotene—vitamin A equivalence in Chinese adults assessed by an isotope dilution technique. McMullen S, Gardner DS & Langley-Evans SC Prenatal programming of angiotensin II type 2 receptor expression in the rat. Lomer MCE, Kodjabashia K, Hutchinson C, Greenfield SM, Thompson RPH & Powell JJ Intake of dietary iron is low in patients with Crohn’s disease: a case-control study. Westerterp KR, Meijer EP, Goris AHC & Kester ADM Alcohol energy intake and habitual physical activity in older adults. Pialoux V, Mischler I, Mounier R, Gachon P, Ritz P, Coudert J & Fellmann N_ Effect of equilibrated hydration changes on total body water estimates by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Trayhurn P_ BJN ‘Citation Classic’. Jackson AS & Pollock ML_ Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. (BJN ‘Citation Classic’). Price EC Nutrient requirements of non-human primates (Book review). Hanley M Practical statistics for the biological sciences (Book review). Opara EI The efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines (Invited Commentary). Demeyer D & Fievez V__ Is the synthesis of rumen bacterial protein limited by the availability of pre-formed amino acids and/or peptides? Beattie JH & Kwun I-S_ Is zinc deficiency a risk factor for atherosclerosis? (Horizons in Nutritional Science) Jittakhot S, Schonewille J Th, Wouterse HS, Yuangklang C & Beynen AC The relationships between potassium intakes, transmural potential difference of the rumen epithelium and magnesium absorption in wethers. Valeille K, Gripois D, Blouquit M-F, Souidi M, Riottot M, Bouthegourd J-C, Sérougne C & Contents Martin J-C Lipid atherogenic risk markers can be more favourably influenced by the cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoate isomer than a conjugated linoleic acid mixture or fish oil in hamsters. Courtois P, Sener A, Scott FW & Malaisse WJ Disaccharidase activity in the intestinal tract of Wistar—Furth, diabetes-resistant and diabetes-prone BioBreeding rats. Ostrowska E, Gabler NK, Sterling SJ, Tatham BG, Jones RB, Eagling DR, Jois M & Dunshea FR Consumption of brown onions (Allium cepa var. cavalier and var. destiny) moderately modulates blood lipids, haematological and haemostatic variables in healthy pigs. Matsuo T & Takeuchi H Effects of structured medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols in diets with various levels of fat on body fat accumulation in rats. Yago MD, Diaz RJ, Ramirez R, Martinez MA, Mafias M & Martinez-Victoria E Dietary- induced changes in the fatty acid profile of rat pancreatic membranes are associated with modifications in acinar cell function and signalling. Kumahara H, Schutz Y, Ayabe M, Yoshioka M, Yoshitake Y, Shindo M, Ishii K & Tanaka H_ The use of uniaxial accelerometry for the assessment of physical-activity-related energy expenditure: a validation study against whole-body indirect calorimetry. Soares MJ, Cummings SJ, Mamo JCL, Kenrick M & Piers LS The acute effects of olive oil v. cream on postprandial thermogenesis and substrate oxidation in postmenopausal women. Atasoglu C, Guliye AY & Wallace RJ Use of stable isotopes to measure de novo synthesis and turnover of amino acid-C and -N in mixed micro-organisms from the sheep rumen in vitro. Wachtel-Galor S, Tomlinson B & Benzie IFF Ganoderma lucidum (‘Lingzhi’), a Chinese medicinal mushroom: biomarker responses in a controlled human supplementation study. Kitessa SM, Gulati SK, Simos GC, Ashes JR, Scott TW, Fleck E & Wynn PC Supplementation of grazing dairy cows with rumen-protected tuna oil enriches milk fat with n-3 fatty acids without affecting milk production or sensory characteristics. Schmidt MK, Muslimatun S, West CE, Schultink W & Hautvast JGAJ Mental and psychomotor development in Indonesian infants of mothers supplemented with vitamin A in addition to iron during pregnancy. Davidsson L, Ziegler EE, Kastenmayer P, van Dael P & Barclay D Dephytinisation of soyabean protein isolate with low native phytic acid content has limited impact on mineral and trace element absorption in healthy infants. Wolever TMS’ Effect of blood sampling schedule and method of calculating area under the curve on validity and precision of glycaemic index values. Hodgson JM, Chan SY, Puddey IB, Devine A, Wattanapenpaiboon N, Wahlqvist ML, Lukito W, Burke V, Ward NC, Prince RL & Croft KD Phenolic acid metabolites as biomarkers for tea- and coffee-derived polyphenol exposure in human subjects. Osorio MM, Lira PIC & Ashworth A Factors associated with Hb concentration in children aged 6-59 months in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Sanderson P, Johnson IT, Mathers JC, Powers HJ, Downes CS, McGlynn AP, Dare R, Kampman E, Pool-Zobel BL, Bingham SA & Rafter JJ Emerging diet-related surrogate end points for colorectal cancer: UK Food Standards Agency diet and colonic health workshop report. Langley-Evans S_ Introduction to human nutrition (Book review). Forsythe SJ Food Safety: contaminants and toxins (Book review). Murphy JL Stable isotopes in human nutrition. Laboratory methods and research applications (Book review). Brameld JM_ The influence of undernutrition on skeletal muscle development (Invited commentary). van BaakM_ Adaptive thermogenesis during over- and underfeeding in man (Invited commentary). Bayol S, Jones D, Goldspink G & Stickland NC The influence of undernutrition during gestation on skeletal muscle cellularity and on the expression of genes that control muscle growth. de Silva PP, Davis PJ & Cheema SK _ Hyperlipidaemic effect of fish oil in Bio F,B hamsters. van Nieuwenhoven MA, Valks SDM, Sobczak S, Riedel WJ & Brummer R-JM Acute tryptophan depletion slows gastric emptying in females. Dehghan-Kooshkghazi M & Mathers JC Starch digestion, large-bowel fermentation and intestinal mucosal cell proliferation in rats treated with the a-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose. Ritskes-Hoitinga J, Grooten HNA, Wienk KJH, Peters M, Lemmens AG & Beynen AC Low- ering dietary phosphorus concentrations reduces kidney calcification, but does not adversely affect growth, mineral metabolism, and bone development in growing rabbits. Contents Kushiro M, Takahashi Y & Ide T Species differences in the physiological activity of dietary lignan (sesamin and episesamin) in affecting hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Batra N, Nehru B & Bansal MP_ Reproductive potential of male Portan rats exposed to various levels of lead with regard to zinc status. Puska P, Korpelainen V, Hgie LH, Skovlund E & Smerud KT Isolated soya protein with standardised levels of isoflavones, cotyledon soya fibres and soya phospholipids improves plasma lipids in hypercholesterolaemia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a yoghurt formulation. Sripanyakorn S, Jugdaohsingh R, Elliott H, Walker C, Mehta P, Shoukru S, Thompson RPH & Powell JJ. The silicon content of beer and its bioavailability in healthy volunteers. Tauson A-H, Forsberg M & Chwalibog A High leptin in pregnant mink (Mustela vison) may exert anorexigenic effects: a permissive factor for rapid increase in food intake during lactation. Yeh S-L, Lai Y-N, Shang H-F, Lin M-T & Chen W-J_ Effects of glutamine supplementation on innate immune response in rats with gut-derived sepsis. Kovacs EMR, Lejeune MPGM, Nijs I & Westerterp-Plantenga MS_ Effects of green tea on weight maintenance after body-weight loss. Naslund E, King N, Mansten S, Adner N, Holst JJ, Gutniak M & Hellstr6m PM Prandial subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 cause weight loss in obese human subjects. Ritchie MR, Morton MS, Deighton N, Blake A & Cummings JH Plasma and urinary phyto- oestrogens as biomarkers of intake: validation by duplicate diet analysis. Huxley RR & Neil HAW Does maternal nutrition in pregnancy and birth weight influence levels of CHD risk factors in adult life? Kim J & Chan MM Acculturation and dietary habits of Korean Americans. Macias AE Experimental demonstration of human weight homeostasis: implications for understanding obesity. Gibbons MRD, Henry CJK, Ulijaszek SJ & Lightowler HJ Intra-individual variation in RMR in older people. Sanderson P, Sattar N, Olthof M, Grimble RF, Calder PC, Griffin BA, de Roos NM, Belch JJF, Muller DPR & Vita JA Dietary lipids and vascular function: UK Food Standards Agency workshop report. Brameld J Sheep nutrition (Book review). O’Reilly J Molecular aspects of human nutrition (Book review). Sculley D Sports nutrition (Book review). Meyer HE Calcium and osteoporotic fractures (Invited commentary). Baldi A, Losio MN, Cheli F, Rebucci R, Sangalli L, Fusi E, Bertasi B, Pavoni E, Carli S & Politis I Evaluation of the protective effects of a-tocopherol and retinol against ochratoxin A cytotoxicity (Short communication). Magee PJ & Rowland IR Phyto-oestrogens, their mechanism of action: current evidence for a role in breast and prostate cancer (Review artilce). Takeuchi T, Shimizu H, Ando K & HaradaE Bovine lactoferrin reduces plasma triacylglycerol and NEFA accompanied by decreased hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol contents in rodents. Chikunya S, Demirel G, Enser M, Wood JD, Wilkinson RG & SinclairLA Biohydrogenation of dietary n-3 PUFA and stability of ingested vitamin E in the rumen, and their effects on microbial activity in sheep. Demirel G, Wachira AM, Sinclair LA, Wilkinson RG, Wood JD & EnserM Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, breed and dietary vitamin E on the fatty acids of lamb muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Faughnan MS, Hawdon A, Ah-Singh E, Brown J, Millward DJ & Cassidy A Urinary isoflavone kinetics: the effect of age, gender, food matrix and chemical composition. Scislowski V, Durand D, Gruffat-Mouty D, Motta C & Bauchart D Linoleate supplementation in steers modifies lipid composition of plasma lipoproteins but does not alter their fluidity. Shiau S-Y & Lu L-S_ Dietary sodium requirement determined for juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus) reared in fresh water and seawater. Archer BJ, Johnson SK, Devereux HM & Baxter AL Effect of fat replacement by inulin or lupin-kernel fibre on sausage patty acceptability, post-meal perceptions of satiety and food intake in men. Bohn T, Davidsson L, Walczyk T & Hurrell RF Fractional magnesium absorption is sig- nificantly lower in human subjects from a meal served with an oxalate-rich vegetable, spinach, Contents as compared with a meal served with kale, a vegetable with a low oxalate content. Hoey L, Rowland IR, Lloyd AS, Clarke DB & Wiseman H_ Influence of soya-based infant formula consumption on isoflavone and gut microflora metabolite concentrations in urine and on faecal microflora composition and metabolic activity in infants and children. Harrison RA, Holt D, Pattison DJ & Elton PJ Are those in need taking dietary supplements? A survey of 21 923 adults. Xu L, McElduff P, D’Este C & Attia J) Does dietary calcium have a protective effect on bone fractures in women? A meta-analysis of observational studies. Warensjé E, Jansson J-H, Berglund L, Boman K, Ahrén B, Weinehall L, Lindah! B, Hallmans G & Vessby B_ Estimated intake of milk fat is negatively associated with cardiovascular risk factors and does not increase the risk of a first acute myocardial infarction A prospective case-control study. Savva SC, Chadjigeorgiou C, Hatzis C, Kyriakakis M, Tsimbinos G, Tornaritis M & Kafatos A. Association of adipose tissue arachidonic acid content with BMI and overweight status in children from Cyprus and Crete. Poskitt EME Disease-related malnutrition: an evidence based approach to treatment (Book review). Burdge GC _ Lipid biochemistry: an introduction (Book review). Himes JH & DR Jacobs Jr Food-based nutrition education and hygiene can improve the growth of stunted children (Invited commentary). Thomson CD _ Selenium and iodine intakes and status in New Zealand and Australia (Review article). Sharma R, Alexander TW, John SJ, Forster RJ & McAllister TA Relative stability of transgene DNA fragments from GM rapeseed in mixed ruminal cultures. Petridou A, Gerkos N, Kolifa M, Nikolaidis MG, Simos D & Mougios V_ Effect of exercise performed immediately before a meal of moderate fat content on postprandial lipaemia. Bento OP, Martins JM, Langa MJ, de Abreu MC, Viegas-Crespo AM, Freire JPB, Almeida JAA & Riottot M_ Effects of ileo-rectal anastomosis on cholesterol metabolism in pigs fed either casein or extruded soya beans. Bates CJ, Jones KS & Bluck LJC Stable isotope-labelled vitamin C as a probe for vitamin C absorption by human subjects. Breithaupt DE, Weller P, Wolters M & Hahn A Comparison of plasma responses in human subjects after the ingestion of 3R,3R’-zeaxanthin dipalmitate from wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) and non-esterified 3R,3R’-zeaxanthin using chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. Cheng Y, Ohlsson L & Duan R-D Psyllium and fat in diets differentially affect the activities and expressions of colonic sphingomyelinases and caspase in mice. Christensen HR, Brix S & Frgkier H Immune response in mice to ingested soya protein: antibody production, oral tolerance and maternal transfer. Zhang M & Fritsche KL Fatty acid-mediated inhibition of IL-12 production by murine macrophages is independent of PPARy. Hosea HJ, Rector ES & Taylor CG Dietary repletion can replenish reduced T cell subset numbers and lymphoid organ weight in zinc-deficient and energy-restricted rats. Duncan SH, McWilliam Leitch EC, Stanley KN, Richardson AJ, Laven RA, Flint HJ & Stewart CS_ Effects of esculin and esculetin on the survival of Escherichia coli 0157 in human faecal slurries, continuous-flow simulations of the rumen and colon and in calves. O’Sullivan SM, Woods JA & O’Brien NM_ Use of Tween 40 and Tween 80 to deliver a mixture of phytochemicals to human colonic adenocarcinoma cell (CaCo-2) monolayers. Conway R, Robertson C, Dennis B, Stamler J & Elliott P for the INTERMAP Research Group Standardised coding of diet records: experiences from INTERMAP UK. Tamura T, Goldenberg RL, Johnston KE & Chapman VR_ Relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI and plasma zinc concentrations in early pregnancy. Salehi M, Kimiagar SM, Shahbazi M, Mehrabi Y & Kolahi AA Assessing the impact of nutrition education on growth indices of Iranian nomadic children: an application of a modified beliefs, attitudes, subjective-norms and enabling-factors model. Payet M, Esmail MH, Polichetti E, Le Brun G, Adjemout L, Donnarel G, Portugal H & Pieroni G_ Docosahexaenoic acid-enriched egg consumption induces accretion of arachidonic acid in erythrocytes of elderly patients. Contents Acknowledgement to Referees. Laville M Could glycaemic index be the basis of simple nutritional recommendations? (Invited commentary) . Rowland I Probiotics and colorectal cancer risk (Invited commentary). Veach J Functional dichotomy: glutathione and vitamin E in homeostasis relevant to primary open-angle glaucoma (Review article). Leung LK, Po LS, Lau TY & Yuen YM Effect of dietary flavonols on oestrogen receptor transactivation and cell death induction. Arts ICW, Sesink ALA, Faassen-Peters M & Hollman PCH The type of sugar moiety is a major determinant of the small intestinal uptake and subsequent biliary excretion of dietary quercetin glycosides. Cermak R, Landgraf S & Wolffram S Quercetin glucosides inhibit glucose uptake into brush- border-membrane vesicles of porcine jejunum. Robin S, Maupoil V, Laurant P, Jacqueson A & Berthelot A Effect of a methionine- supplemented diet on the blood pressure of Sprague-Dawley and deoxycorticosterone acetate—salt hypertensive rats. Takahashi T, Goto M & Sakata T Viscoelastic properties of the small intestinal and caecal contents of the chicken. Xu JZ, Yeung SYV, Chang Q, Huang Y & Chen Z-Y Comparison of antioxidant activity and bioavailability of tea epicatechins with their epimers. Mattacks CA, Sadler D & Pond CM _ The effects of dietary lipids on dendritic cells in perinodal adipose tissue during chronic mild inflammation. Miles EA, Banerjee T, Dooper MMBW, M’Rabet L, Graus YMF & Calder PC The influence of different combinations of y-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid and EPA on immune function in healthy young male subjects. Peuranen S, Tiihonen K, Apajalahti J, Kettunen A, Saarinen M & Rautonen N Combination of polydextrose and lactitol affects microbial ecosystem and immune responses in rat gastro- intestinal tract. Duncan SH, Holtrop G, Lobley GE, Calder AG, Stewart CS & Flint HJ Contribution of acetate to butyrate formation by human faecal bacteria. Oberreuther-Moschner DL, Jahreis G, Rechkemmer G & Pool-Zobel BL Dietary intervention with the probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus 145 and Bifidobacterium longum 913 modulates the potential of human faecal water to induce damage in HT29clone19A cells. Kay CD, Mazza G, Holub BJ & Wang J. Anthocyanin metabolites in human urine and serum. Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Garcia-Alonso J, Vidal-Guevara ML, Quiles JL, Periago MJ, Linde J, Mesa MD, Ros G, Abellin P & Gil A Oxidative stress status in an institutionalised elderly group after the intake of a phenolic-rich dessert. Shirreffs SM, Merson SJ, Fraser SM & Archer DT The effects of fluid restriction on hydration status and subjective feelings in man. Weinbrenner T, Ziiger M, Jacoby GE, Herpertz S, Liedtke R, Sudhop T, Gouni-Berthold I, Axelson M & Berthold HK Lipoprotein metabolism in patients with anorexia nervosa: a case-control study investigating the mechanisms leading to hypercholesterolaemia. Ramdath DD, Isaacs RLC, Teelucksingh § & Wolever TMS Glycaemic index of selected staples commonly eaten in the Caribbean and the effects of boiling v. crushing. Flint A, Mller BK, Raben A, Pedersen D, Tetens I, Holst JJ & Astrup A The use of glycaemic index tables to predict glycaemic index of composite breakfast meals. Yoshioka M, Imanaga M, Ueyama H, Yamane M, Kubo Y, Boivin A, St-Amand J, Tanaka H & Kiyonaga A Maximum tolerable dose of red pepper decreases fat intake independently of spicy sensation in the mouth. Provencher V, Drapeau V, Tremblay A, Després J-P, Bouchard C & Lemieux S_ Eating behaviours, dietary profile and body composition according to dieting history in men and women of the Québec Family Study. Garcia-Closas R, Berenguer A, Tormo MJ, Sanchez MJ, Quirés JR, Navarro C, Arnaud R, Dorronsoro M, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Ardanaz E, Amiano P, Martinez C, Agudo A & Gonzalez CA Dietary sources of vitamin C, vitamin E and specific carotenoids in Spain. Vrentzos GE, Papadakis JA, Malliaraki N, Zacharis EA, Mazokopakis E, Margioris A, Ganotakis ES & Kafatos A Diet, serum homocysteine levels and ischaemic heart disease in a Mediterranean population.