3 V '3;-3-3 -vr -11 ( British Birds Editorial Board Carter I. R. Chandler J. M. Collinson R. Prytherch J. N. Redman J. T. R. Sharrock J. Photographic Researcher Robin Chittenden Art Consultants Robert Gillmor and Alan Harris Volume 92 1999 British Birds Ltd Editorial Staff DrJ. T. R. Sharrock (Managing Editor), David A. Christie (Assistant Editor), Mrs Frances Bucknel) (PersonalAssistant to Dr Sharrock) Circidation Mrs Erika Sharrock (Circulation Manager) Rarities Committee Dr Colin Bradshaw (Chairman), Pete Ellis, Paul Harvey, John McLoughlin, John Martin, Doug Page, K. D. Shaw, Dr Jimmy Steele, Andy Stoddart, Reg Thorpe & Grahame Walbridge; Peter Colston (Museum Consultant); John Marchant (Archivist); Peter Fraser & DrJohn Ryan (Statisticians); Michael Rogers (Hon J. Secretary) BehaviourNotes Panel Dr C. J. Bibby Ian Dawson, DrJ. J. M. Flegg, Derek Goodwin. Prof. I. Newton FRS, Dr M. A. Ogilvie, DrJ. T. R. Sharrock & Dr K. E. L. Simmons Identification Notes Panel Dr Colin Bradshaw, Dr R. J. Chandler, R. A. Hume, T. P. Inskipp, P. G. Lansdown, S. C. Madge, I. S. Robertson & K. E. Vinicombe British Birds Volume 92 (1999) Main contents January 2 ReportonscarcemigrantbirdsinBritainin 1996 PeterA. Fraser, PeterG. Lansdoivn and Michael Rogers 40 Red-throJ.atedThrushinEssex:newtoBritainandIreland Brian Smith, Simon D. Woodand DrSimonCox February 62 Britain&Ireland Dr]. T. R. Sharrock 64 Europeannews 83 RecentrecordsofNearcticlandbirdsinBritainandIreland Norman Elkins 96 Hume'sWarblerinSussex:newtoBritainandIreland PeterdemeritandR. E. Scott March 118 Subspecies-morethanmeetstheeye? DrMartin Collinson 120 RarebreedingbirdsintheUnitedKingdomin 1996 DrMalcolm OgilvieandtheRareBreeding BirdsPanel 155 EgyptianNightjarinDorset:thesecond Britishrecord Grahame Walbridge 162 TheBestAnnualBird ReportAwardsDrJ. T. R. Sharrock, RobertGillmor, JohnMartin, DerekMoore andMichael/. Rogers April 174 Birdsinthewidercountryside-acauseforoptimism?Ian Carter 176 Non-nativebirdsbreedingintheUnited Kingdomin 1996 DrMalcolm Ogilvieand theRare BreedingBirdsPanel 183 StatusandbreedingecologyofthePurpleSwamp-heninItaly MarcelloGrussii 194 SeparationofEuropeanandRed-neckedNightjars PeterLansdoivn May 222 ThoseRuddy Ducks-again! DrMartin Collinson 225 RuddyShelducksinBritainand Ireland 1986-94 K. E. VinicornbeandA. El. J. Harrop June 278 Europeannews 301 Bird PhotographoftheYear Robin Chittenden, DavidHoskingand Dr]. T. R. Sharrock 308 ComparisonofShort-toed and LesserShort-toedLarks PeterLansdoivn July 326 BreedingEuropeanHoney-buzzardsinBritain S. /. Roberts,J. M. S. LewisandI. T. Williams 347 Bird IllustratoroftheYear 1999 RobertGillmor, BrucePearson, Alan Harris, Keith Shackleton and DrJ. T. R. Sharrock 354 Theornithologicalyear 1998-partone BarryNightingale 362 Red-neckedNightjarrevisited August 386 What, norunningwater? Dr.}. T. R. Sharrock 389 RareBreedingBirdsintheUnitedKingdomin1997 DrMalcolm Ogilvieand theRare Breeding BirdsPanel September 442 Panicyenot Dr/. T. R. Sharrock 445 HistoryoftheCommonRosefinchinBritainandIreland 1869-1996 D. 1.M. Wallace 472 Non-nativebirdsbreedingintheUnited Kingdomin 1997 DrMalcolm Ogilvieandthe RareBreedingBirdsPanel October 498 RangeextensionofLong-tailedRosefinchintotheWesternPalearctic Dr V. K. Ryabitsevand M. G. Wilson 504 BritainandIreland'sfirst'Soft-plumagedPetrel' /. W. Enticott 519 EasternBonelli'sWarblerinScilly:newtoBritainandIreland T. J. WilsonandDrC. Fentiman 524 IdentificationofBonelli'swarblers DougPage 534 TheCarlZeissAwardAdamRowlandsandDrJ. T. R. Sharrock 537 BestBirdBookoftheYear 1999 November 554 ReportonrarebirdsinGreatBritainin1998 M,/. Rogersand theRarities Committee December 618 ReportonscarcemigrantbirdsinBritainin 1997 PeterA. Fraser,PeterG. Lansdoivnand Michael Rogers J. 659 IberianAzure-wingedMagpiescomeinfrom thecold JoanneH. CooperandProf. DrK. H. Voous 667 Theornithologicalyear 1998-parttwo BarryNightingaleandKeithAllsopp 675 YoungOrnithologistsoftheYear Dr]. T. R. Sharrock,AdamRowlands, B. A. E. Marr, JeffBaker, RobertGillmorand DavidChandler WINNER, BIRD ILLUSTRATOR OFTHEYEAR 1999 (see pages 347-353) Little Crake Porzanaparva {Brin Edwards) THENATimAL MUSEUM l-^STORY -6 JAN 1999 ‘PRESENTED THiHG LrBRAfiY " I .mil sL '. ->. • t I /» •-.'’1 : \ r ^ =r'^v '.. ScarC K|9k British Birds Established 1907,incorporating TheZoologist,established 1843 British Birds Behaviour Notes Panel ManagingEditor DrJ.T. R. Sharrock DrC.J. Bibby,Ian Dawson,DrJ.J. M. Flegg, PersonalAssistant Frances Bucknell Derek Goodwin, Prof. I. NewtonERS, AssistantEditor DavidA. Christie DrM.A. Ogilvie,DrJ.T. R. Sharrock, EditorialBoard I. Carter,Prof. R.J. Chandler, DrK. E. L. Simmons DrM. Collinson,R. Prytherch,N. Redman, J. J. DrJ.T. R. Sharrock Identification Notes Panel ArtConsultants Robert Gillmor&AlanHarris Prof. Colin Bradshaw,DrR.J. Chandler, Design Delia Heming R.A. Hume,T. P. Inskipp, P. G. Lansdown, Photographic Research Robin Chittenden S. C. Madge,I. S. Robertson, K. E.Vinicombe Advertising Sales Manager Sandra Swift J. CirculationManager Erika Sharrock Annual Subscription Administration SallyYoung Librariesandagencies £61.00,IR£71.00,S116.00 Personalsubscriptions Rarities Committee UK,Europe,surfacemail £48.00,IR£56.20,S91.00 Chairman Prof. Colin Bradshaw OutsideEurope,airmail £80.35,IR£93.85,5151.30 Hon. Secretary MichaelJ. Rogers Pleasemakeall chequesandpostalorderspayable Pete Ellis,Paul Harvey,John McLoughlin, toBritishBirdsLtd. JohnMartin,DougPage, K. D. Shaw, DrJimmy Steele,Andy Stoddart,RegThorpe, Singlebackissues £6.20,IR£7.15,511.80 GrahamWalbridge Availablefrom DavidMorgan,BritishBirds, Archivist JohnMarchant Whitmore,Umberleigh,NorthDevonEX37 9HB Statistician PeterEraser PleasemakechequespayabletoDavidMorgan. HeadOffice AdvertisingSales & Accounts Administration SandraJ. Swift, 17 Rectory Close, SallyYoung,TheBanks,Mountfield, Wendlebury,Oxfordshire 0X6 8PG Nr. Robertsbridge,East SussexTN32 5JY Tel: 01869 244447 Fax: 01869 245533 Tel: 01580 882039 Eax: 01580 880541 E-mail: [email protected] & Design Production DeliaHeming,The Banks,Mountfield, BBBookshop Nr.Robertsbridge,East SussexTN32 5JY c/o Subbuteo Books,PistyllFarm, Tel: 01580 882039 Eax: 01580 880541 Nercwys,Mold,Flintshire CH7 4EW E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 01352 756551 Fax: 01352 756004 E-mail: [email protected] EditorialOffice Papers,notes,letters,artwork,journals,etc ‘News& Comment’information DrJ.T. R. Sharrock, Fountains,ParkLane, Bob Scott&WendyDickson, 8Woodlands, Blunham,BedfordMK44 3NJ St.Neots, Cambridgeshire PE19 lUE TePFax: 01767 640025 Tel: 01480 214904 Fax: 01480 473009 E-mail [email protected] : Personalassistant ‘The OrnithologicalYear’birdnews Erances Bucknell,Eountains,ParkLane, BarryNightingale &KeithAllsopp, Blunham, BedfordMK44 3NJ 7 BloomsburyClose,Woburn,Bedfordshire Tel/Eax: 01767 640025 MK17 9QS Subscriptions Tel: 01525 290314 Erika Sharrock, Eountains,ParkLane, Blunham,Bedford MK44 3NJ RarityDescriptions Tel/Eax: 01234 364366 M.J. Rogers, 2 Churchtown Cottages, E-mail: [email protected] Towednack, CornwallTR26 3AZ the h^qry museum JAN 1999 6 presented TRiNG^ Li&RA&RQY Don’t miss our £990 Naturetrel^ selection These action-packed, long-haul birding tours - each led by an expert local ornithologist - offer excellent value for money, and outstanding birding. Ifyou would like further details ofa particular tour, please call us now! Naturetrek Bighton, Nr. Alresford, Hampshire S024 9RE Tel; 01962 733051 Fax: 01962 736426 e-mail: [email protected] web: www.naturetrek.co.uk ZAMBIA-SouthLuangwaNationalPark. NEPAL-THETRAGOPANTREK 6- 15Nov'98; 12-21 Feb'99; A10-daytourincludingLangtangValleytrek. 26Mar-4Apr'99; 5- 14Nov'99. 14-23May'99; 28May-6Jun'99. NAMIBIA-Swakopmund&WalvisBay, TANZANIA-SaadaniGameReserve,andthe Spitskoppe,Etosha&WaterbergMountains. UsambaraandUluguruMountains. 29Jan-7Feb'99; 12-21 Mar'99. 12-21 Feb'99; 22-31 Oct'99. MALAWI-LakeMalawi,ZombaPlateau& UNITEDARABEMIRATES L1i2w-o2n1deFeNbat'i9o9n;al1P2a-rk2.1 Mar'99. 3141-Ja2n1-N7oFveb'99'9.9; 4- 11Apr'99; SOUTHERNMOROCCO-Thedesert. NEWENGLAND-USA OuedMassa,OuedSous&Marrakech. SpringmigrationontheMassachusettscoast. 12-21 Feb'99; 26Feb-7Mar'99; 17-26Sep'99. 16-24May'99. ETHIOPIA-Addis,Gafersa,AwrashNationalPark, SRILANKA-SinharajaForest&theHillCountry. W220-on-1d21o9ApNGruoev'n99e';9t8;&191R-i2f2-t82Va1NlloFeveybL'9a'9k9.e9;s. 2G239AJOMacnBt-I-IA7FNe-boAv'9v'9a9.9r.ietyoflocalitiesalongtheGambiaRiver. AE22I22n70-NT-koN-DH11bo2I0I1e8vAArAO,ppN-P-rro6LIDav''eADk99le99'eNh;;s9ic8,,;E21W'R699No81a;-N2Dnn2otdE-17hv2oM9a0N-Im-Gob52FuCvoee8SDrbn'eeFe9'-ce9t9&.bD9'&;e9B'9bh9.B9ara;relaetLpiMuborau.nnotsa,inSsol.ulta, TKMS11o30EOAu--nXUZt21AaTA81iSHnKAMspa-H.AryUSF''S9TR999A.I;ACN-2AS7p-rM-iDaKnegsryeumr-gite4gsrr,JauNnsnatttse'ip9ao9pln.eoasnlg&PtahTreikeG&nulSDfhucalonlassttroofoTme.xas. NDeEpaPrAtuLre-sCheivetrwyanF,riKdoasyit&hrKoautghhomuatndJaunV&allFeey.b'99; O12M-A21NFe-bWi'9t9h;C9ol-in18RiAcphrar'd9s9o;n.17-26Sep'99. 7- 16May'99; 21 -30May'99. 20-28Nov'99. KUNRaIVALLyEDEXPERTISE,EXPERIENCEANDSERVICE OPTOLYTH SURREY(H.O.) Optical 8x40AlpinNG 279 89(B)LONDONROAD, 10x40AlpinNG 279 MORDEN, lOxSOAIpinNG 299 SURREYSM45HP BINOCULAR-SS-ATLEESLE&SCROEPPAEISR-ST-RIPODSetc TTT7BBBXSGG5088o0r0AlTbbpBooidSndyyN80GHD 244694459999 OpTeLenul:nc0Mh1o1n8-1t2o-p6mSa4t(:8No9t8aS8mu-2n5)2pm 30x(WW)eyepiece 159 Fax0181-6872021 SWAROVSKI CANON 20-boxeyepiece 189 8x20BMkll 307 12X36stabilisedbinoculars575* email:[email protected] 10x25BMkII 327 15X45stabilisedbinoculars.785* OPTICRON Location:Southernedgeof 8x30SLCMklll 519 10X30stabilisedbinoculars .349 8x32SR/GA 237 GreaterLondon.15minsdrive 10x42SLC 695 7x42SR/GA 238 M25(eg:viaA3thenMerton 778XXX455200SSSLLLCCCNNEEWW 677347599 N81IX0Kx4O42N2SSEECCFF 652795 811X004XX42520SSSRRR///GGGAAA 222345995 tMuornrodfef)noUrn2demrignrsouwnadl.k^ SS1TT0//xAA5TT08800SLbHCoDdNyboEdWy 869022999 8N10eXwX442w2aDtDCeCrFpFrHoHGoGfrsroocoooffppeprsri;issmm..11107755 8810XXX432240IDimIoampgatigrciocnPoProrroro 111456997 ParkpirVngei:emwi5is0negsyaf-racd1issltitpilaeesfstt.our 22xeyepiece 94 FieldscopeIII 399 8x42Dioptron 169 30x(WA)eyepiece 145 FieldscopeIIIA(45®) 449 10X42Dioptron 179 BUCKS 2CS0taa-my6e-0roXanzacodaoasmpeteoyre8pi0e0cmem ....21255059 3FFi0ieexlld(dssWccAoo)ppeeeyEEepDDieIIIIIIceA(45°)....627934909 8810xx34X2250((HHDRRiIIoII))ptron 111999997 SaleasppioniAnYtmLeEnStBoUnlRyY. by 20-45Xzoom 230 10x42(HRII) 209 Visitorswelcome-please L88EXXI22C00ABBCCATrTirnionvoivdid 225899 3600xxor40x 111399 871Vx02x452X0(5H(R0HIRI(I)HIR)II) 221229998 Tel:0p1ho2n9e6f-ir4st2.4145 10X25BCTrinovid 289 KOWA 7x24,8x24or10x24MCF ...125 Also.FieldOperationsCentre. 10X25BCATrinovid 309 TSN821/822 319 Roofprismbinos(W/P); 8X32BATrinovid 619 TSN823/824Fluorite .639 8x24BGA 180 810XX4232BBAATrTirnionvoivdid 665799 2302-xb(oWxAz)oEoPmEP 119499 71x03X628BBGGAAPCAg 411990 •M(asialmeOrddaeyrdifesrpeaqtucihr)ed 8C11a00XrrXX5y045i20nBgBBAsAAtTrrTTairrpniionnvooivvdiidd 68859529996 A58Sd0k5axu0paEmtPcomarsPfehorotToSNAda1p-4toErPS ...11.66524994 881100XXxx44452220BImBBGaGGAgAAiPcPPCRCCPAAAgWggP 444322349909 •••PUPaasrcetkdaeixgtceehmdasenagless 22LL00EE-xII6CC(0AAWxAWS(t/PBdB)O.)zTToeeelyoleeemvvpiiieddeycsseeccpooieppceee.........715292009599* TTS2SS7o--xm66e(11W2T1AS)bbNooS-ddc1yyr/e4(w4s-5ic"n)o-peeyse&pieeyceepi.e22c.207e994s HHH10RRRX66846602s(G4cIA5mo®a)p(g4ei5®c)RPWP 323457125999 •IsEnh.to&erOrt.e-Est.te-rfmreceredit 34SZ8887P111200khE00XXXXxxouIxxxta2234S((24o02020SBWc50)5BaWaBBBOBBeds/G/BGCP/yaeBAGTlACeTpT/a)APl/ptIsTP/aioTse((CsT(eriysPN(Ac(Ncei)PePeLcep))wiwCeDDEcSSeN))TRE 22233566116323295588059599999905 TTT222SP6(DoSSS007kI0Ir----xxuCSmw6666aiC((C111m0tWWcxOOh340AAsaLVz2))ascFFEO2lloceoeeuuxcRopyyooeeYrrmeeWsiippsA(tteiio4ee)y5eer®ebbicc)epeeoosi+dd:eyyzcoe(4o5m")&.c.a.41s429527e4994759249 222362THH10508200RRAx-xxxxxI,R66PWWWWH0D20OxR0WWDxGHHDzS,eARROo,yHH2eoMDDe(e5BpmbyEyFFxilOeeSeaeopOpeeccyriiyyKkeeeeee4Spwccpp0ii,eeiixteeehceccHetee3Rc0exyWepAi)£11e22954151c90769999e944 AtZecRpPiiMsfeymaqorOEtipptnsoueRsoPoetnmirsrsDoipAyot3tsmEoaorIa5euefnNnbR.bndty.yeertSeoiRqaLaonuWueterpg&qoiimetsacupiyeoaimmSootmk)ucife,uhbrEnksrnosetowRwtrteiroweorVoucp,(vrurtIhiwicngiknyicCoa-chscitoarnwIlhnhlujougoNoudbpniGa.indlagt 7X45NightOwl 759 8x42or10X42RRGA ....135 *Whilestockslast mistyoptics! « SEVENOAKS Reading, M4 (A329(M) Waterworks) off B5013 on WILDFOWL RESERVE on Woodley turn-off) and then Sunday28th March. theA25between Riverhead A329 to Winnersh and and Sevenoaks Bat and Winnersh Station (B3030). THESUSSEXWILDLIFE BallstationonSunday10th Sunday14thFebruaryand TRUST at Woods Mill, January, 7th February, 7th 11thApril. Henfield, W. Sussex. Marchand4thApril. Sunday23rdMay. * HANNINGFIELD Alternative venues to * BOUGH BEECH RESERVOIR, Essex (off * GREAT LINFORD MORDEN and AYLESBURY, NATURE RESERVE/ A130 North of Basildon, WILDFOWL RESERVE atwhichyoucantryandbuy RESERVOIR about 4 near the fishing lodge) on (ARC Environmental Study ourequipmentINTHEFIELD milessouth oftheA25/A21 Sunday 11th April and Centre),nearMiltonKeynes, are given alongside. We aim junction (access from the 16th May. on Sat/Sun 9th/10th to show our full range of B2042 or B2027) near Ide January, 6th/7th February eyheqoluupirpymioenuntte,rifesbytuostuibtleehfteolurpesskuensaocthwo oH1if7lltt,hhKeenrets.JeraIvnnofuio,ar)rcyoe,nntrSeunn2od1rastyth C*BuEClNbOoTLuRrLnEEeG,oEnTLrtiAhnKge,EBWH4Ie8rL8tDsUneFoaEnr anWdH6ItSh/B7YthNMAaTrUchR.EPARK, fbieeldhadnady.edRiEnP/cAoIllReSctecda.n also Februaryand 18thApril. S20atth//S2u1nst23rdF/e2b4rtuhaJraynuaarnyd, oLfafne)L,incNolWn boyf-pLaisnscol(nMooonr 10.00amto4.00pm,usually* THE KENT WILDLIFE 20th/21stMarch. Sunday28th Februaryand TRUST, Tyland Barn, 18thApril. * PAGHAM HARBOUR Sandling, near Maidstone, *GIBRALTARPOINT,south LOCALNATURERESERVE Kent on Sunday 24th of Skegness at N.W. corner * NORFOLK BIRD- on the B2145 into Selsey, January, 14th March and of the Wash, Lines on WATCHING FESTIVAL. West Sussex, on Sunday 9thMay(10.30-4.00). Sunday14thMarch. JointBTOandNationalTrust 27th December, 31st enterprise at Felbrigg Hali, January, 28th February DINTON PASTURES * BLITHFIELD near Cromer, Norfolk. and28thMarch. COUNTRY PARK, near RESERVOIR, (S. Staffs Sun/Mon2nd/3rdMay.