Bram Stoker's Pracula Sucking Through the Century 1897-1997 Bram Stocker in 1884 at the age of thirty-seven. Collection of Ann Stocker. Bram Stoker's pracula Suckiig Through the Century 1897-1997 Edited by CAROL MARGARET DAVISON with the participation of PAUL SIMPSON-HOUSLEY Dundurn Press Toronto Oxford This compilation © copyright 1997 by Carol Margaret Davison. Copyright for each essay remains with its author. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy- ing, recording, or otherwise (except for brief passages for purposes of review) without the prior permission of Dundurn Press Limited. Permission to photocopy should be requested from the Canadian Reprography Collective. Copy editor: Barry Jowett Designer: Sebastian Vasile Printer: Best Book Manufacturers Front and back cover illustrations: details from The Triumph of Death by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Main entry under title: Bram Stoker's Dracula Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-55002-279-2 1. Stoker, Bram, 1847-1912. Dracula. 2. Stoker, Bram, 1847-1912 - Film and video adaptations. 3. Dracula films - History and criticism. 4. Horror tales, English - History and criticism. 5. Dracula, Count (Fictitious character). Vampires in literature. 7. Vampires. I. Davison, Carol Margaret. II. Simpson-Housley, Paul. PR6037. T617D78 1997 823'.8 C97-930620-5 1 2 3 4 5 BJ 01 00 99 98 97 We acknowledge the support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our publishing program. We also acknowledge the support of the Ontario Arts Council and the Book Publishing Industry Development Program of the Department of Canadian Heritage. Care has been taken to trace the ownership of copyright material used in this book. The author and the publisher welcome any information enabling them to rectify any refer- ences or credit in subsequent editions. Printed and bound in Canada. Printed on recycled paper. Dundurn Press Dundurn Press Dundurn Press 8 Market Street 73 Lime Walk 250 Sonwil Drive Second Floor Headington, Oxford Buffalo, NY Toronto, Ontario, Canada England U .S. A. 14225 M5E 1M6 OX3 7AD CONTENTS List of Illustrations 7 Notes on Contributors 9 Acknowledgements 15 Introduction: Bram Stoker's Dracula: Sucking Through the Century, 1897-1997.. 19 CAROL MARGARET DAVISON Preface: Bram Stoker and His Vampire 41 PATRICK McGRATH Locating Dracula: Contextualising the Geography of Transylvania 49 GERALD WALKER and LORRAINE WRIGHT I. Dracula — 1890s Vampire Text Dracula, The Jewel of Seven Stars, and Stoker's "Burden of the Past" 77 CAROL A. SENF The "Transparency" of Dracula 95 JAN B.GORDON The Psychiatrist's Couch: Hypnosis, Hysteria, and Proto-Freudian Performance in Dracula 123 STEPHANIE MOSS Blood Brothers: Dracula and Jack the Ripper 147 CAROL MARGARET DAVISON II. Dracula — Twentieth-Century Vampirised Text Share Alike: Dracula and the Sympathetic Vampire in Mid-Twentieth Century Pulp Fiction 175 MARGARET L. CARTER Vampires in the 1970s: Feminist Oligarchies and Kingly Democracy 195 NINA AUERBACH The Vampire and the Alien: Gothic Horror and Science Fiction 213 VERONICA HOLLINGER Teaching the Vampire: Dracula in the Classroom 231 NORMA ROWEN III. Mondo Dracula — Celluloid Vampires "It is not good to note this down": Dracula and the Erotic Technologies of Censorship 249 JACQUELINE LeBLANC Draculafilm: "High" and "Low" Until the End of the World 269 JAKE BROWN The Supernatural Ronin: Vampires in Japanese Anime 283 NATALIE BARTLETT and BRADLEY BELLOWS IV. Dracula at Large — Vampires and Society Dracula, Monsters, and the Apprehensions of Modernity 321 RICHARD ANDERSON Dracula as a Contemporary Ethnography:A Critique of Mediated Moralities and Mysterious Mythologies 331 LIVY VISANO The Death of Dracula: A Darwinian Approach to the Vampire's Evolution .... 351 BENJAMIN H. LEBLANC V. "The Red Pages" — Stoker/Dracula Associations/Awards/Resources The International Count Dracula Fan Club, New York 377 JEANNE KEYES YOUNGSON The Dracula Society, London, England 383 BERNARD DAVIES Bram Stoker Society, Dublin, Ireland 387 LESLIE SHEPARD The Bram Stoker International Summer School, Dublin, Ireland 391 DENNIS McINTYRE The Transylvanian Society of Dracula — American & Canadian Chapters 395 ELIZABETH MILLER The Bram Stoker Awards, Horror Writers Association of America 399 LAWRENCE WATT-EVANS Dracula Collections at the Rosenbach Museum & Library, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 405 WENDY VAN WYCK GOOD VI. Appendix and "The Bloody Bibliography" The Library of Bram Stoker/A Note on the Death Certificate of Bram Stoker ..411 LESLIE SHEPARD The Catalogue Description of Bram Stoker's Notes for Dracula 417 THE ROSENBACH MUSEUM & LIBRARY PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA The Bloody Bibliography 419 CAROL MARGARET DAVISON List of Illustrations Bram Stoker in 1884 at the age of thirty-seven. Collection of Ann Stoker 2 Cover of Constable's 1901 paperback edition of Dracula featuring the first Dracula illustration 20 Program for the staged reading of Dracula at the Lyceum, 1897. Courtesy of Jeanne Keyes Youngson 26 Illustration by the Rev. William Fitzgerald for Stoker's 1881 collection of stories entitled Under the Sunset 36 Illustration of Bram Stoker and Dracula by Lorraine Wright 42 Illustration of Dracula and Lucy in Whitby by Lorraine Wright 46 Two photographs of Whitby Abbey, Easter 1923. Collection of Richard Anderson 62 Cover of the first issue of Blood of the Innocent, published in 1986 by WARP Graphics. Courtesy of Rickey Shanklin and Mark Wheatley 161 Stills from Vampire Hunter D. Used with the permission of Streamline Pictures 298, 299 7 In loving memory of my grandfather Robert Davison who was born in Ireland in 1897 and of Colleen Mclntyre (1962-1995) who died prematurely of AIDS but left her indelible mark on so many and to the futures of Cameron Carl Davison (b. 1994), Jasmine Natasha Pascual (b. 1995), and Chelsea-Brooke Pascual (b. 1996), whose marks have yet to be made. Notes on Contributors RICHARD ANDERSON holds a doctorate in geography from York University, where he teaches part-time. His research has generally fol- lowed the theme of engineers and nature, an enquiry into broad themes of modernity. More recently he has developed an interest in applied environ- mental history, documenting urban pollution and contaminated ground. He runs a small consulting company which specialises in this work. NINA AUERBACH is the John Welsh Centennial Professor of English at the University of Pennsylvania. She is the prolific author of many articles about nineteenth-century literature, theatre, and culture, whose books include Communities of Women (Harvard University Press, 1978), Woman and the Demon (Harvard University Press, 1982), Ellen Terry, Player in Her Time (Norton, 1987), Private Theatricals: The Lives of the Victorians (Harvard University Press, 1990), and Our Vampires, Ourselves (University of Chicago Press, 1995). With U.C. Knoepflmacher, she has co-edited Forbidden Journeys: Fairy Tales and Fantasies by Victorian Women Writers (University of Chicago Press, 1992). NATALIE BARTLETT is a graduate from Carleton University, Ottawa, who holds a degree in Film Studies. She has conducted an in-depth research project on horror films by studying the Nightmare on Elm Street series in a paper entitled "Slashing the Screen Test of Popularity: Freddy Krueger as Main Protagonist." She has reviewed films for the bi-monthly magazine Video Verdict, and produced a radio show on film, television, and photography called "Camera Ready," on CKCU-FM. She is also the author of a murder mystery, and an active member of the National Capital Freenet, a public access electronic network. 9