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Brain and Visual Perception - The Story of a 25-Year Collaboration - D. Hubel, T. Wiesel (Oxford, 2005) WW PDF

738 Pages·2005·60.49 MB·English
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BRAIN AND VISUAL PERCEPTION Bevil Conway, "Spots and Bars: David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel" (2004), Hardground etching and aquatint (edition:75). I have depicted Hubel and Wiesel in the lab, in the early 1960s, at the pea\ of their exploration of the physiol- ogy of the early cat visual system. Hubel and Wiesel pulled bacf{ the metaphorical curtain on the blaci^-box that was the visual system and established a firm foundation for our understanding of visual processing in all mam- mals including humans. Their discoveries have totally transformed the way in which we understand vision, a revolution that will have repercussions in all fields of knowledge, not least of which being the practice of art: just as understanding anatomy revolutionized the way renaissance artists made art, so too will an understanding of the neural mechanisms of visual processing profoundly affect art making. "This frontispiece is a celebration of Hubel and Wiesel's achievement and serves as a reminder that science and art are constantly intertwined; in fact it is precisely at the interface of the two that the most exciting discoveries are made. BRAIN AND VISUAL PERCEPTION The Story of a 25-Year Collaboration DAVID H. HUBEL TORSTEN N. WIESEL OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2005 OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sao Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Copyright © 2005 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 http://www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hubel, David H. Brain and visual perception : the story of a 25-year collaboration / David H. Hubel, Torsten N. Wiesel. p.; cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-19-517618-9 1. Visual pathways. 2. Visual perception. I. Wiesel, Torsten N. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Visual Perception—physiology—United States. 2. Biomedical Research—history—United States. 3. History of Medicine, 20th Cent.—United States. WW 11 AA1 H877b2005] QP475.H8152005 152.14—dc22 2004049553 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To our wives and children, who put up with so much. This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND BIOGRAPHIES PARTI 1. David H.Hubel 5 2. Torsten N. Wiesel 25 PART II BACKGROUND TO OUR RESEARCH 3. Cortical Neurophysiology in the 1950s 37 4. The Group at Hopkins 41 5. The Move from Hopkins to Harvard 48 6. The New Department 53 PART III NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANATOMY 7. Our First Paper, on Cat Cortex, 1959 59 8. Recordings from Fibers in the Monkey Optic Nerve 83 9. Recording from Cells in the Cat Lateral Geniculate 91 10. Our Major Paper on Cat Striate Cortex, 1962 104 11. Recordings from Cat Prestriate Areas, 18 and 19 141 12. Survey of the Monkey Lateral Geniculate Body—A Foray into Color 193 13. Recording Fibers in the Cat Corpus Callosum 231 14. Recordings in Monkey Striate Cortex, 1968 244 15. Another Visual Representation, the Cat Clare-Bishop Area 273 16. Encoding of Binocular Depth in a Cortical Area in the Monkey 282 17. Anatomy of the Geniculo-Cortical Pathway: The Nauta Method 286 18. Ocular Dominance Columns Revealed by Autoradiography 317 VII viii CONTENTS 19. Regular Sequences of Orientation Shifts in Monkeys 325 20. Cortical Modules and Magnification in Monkeys 354 PART IV DEPRIVATION AND DEVELOPMENT 21. The First Three Kitten Deprivation Papers 369 22. Second Group of Deprivation Papers 404 23. The Siamese Cat 455 24. Cells Grouped in Orientation Columns in Newborn Monkeys 480 25. Plasticity and Development of Monkey Ocular Dominance Columns 493 PARTV THREE REVIEWS 26. Ferrier Lecture, 1977 595 27. Nobel Lecture, David H. Hubel Nobel Lecture, Torsten N. Wiesel 657 28. Epilogue: Summing Up 705 List of Papers Included 711 Glossary 713 Acknowledgments 721 Today, Forty-Six Years After Starting 723 Index 725 PARTI INTRODUCTION AND BIOGRAPHIES

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