BORLAND PASCAL’ PROGRAMS ror SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS Alan R. Miller _ ge. at Run Compile Debug Tools Options Window Help LIST11.PAS i=[tI=y ing-point numbers } MPare e windows versiont hange dir... rae ike Printer setup... OS shell oob eet. § | Writeln(| es ee Creating a New Program To create a new program, move the mouse pointer to highlight the menu title File. Press the left mouse button to pull down the menu. Highlight the menu item Open and press the left mouse button. Type the program name and press Enter. Preparing an Existing Program for Changes To open an existing program for changes, move the mouse pointer to highlight the menu title File. Press the left mouse button to pull down the menu. Highlight the menu item Open and press the left mouse button. When the dialog box appears, type the name and press Enter or put the cursor on the name and press the left mouse button twice in rapid succession to open the file. Now you can make changes to the program. earch Ta anpile ebug ools ptions indoyw age ire Alt+BkSp Ctrl+Ins ‘Oar =t:t s Ctrl+Del ite( [:5 XM := 6.1 = Remove the selected text and put it in the Clipboard Making Block Changes to an Open Program To change a block of text to an open program, move the mouse pointer to the beginning of the block and press the left mouse button. Hold the left mouse button and move the mouse to highlight the block. Then release the button. Highlight the menu item Edit and press the left mouse button. To delete or move the marked block, select Cut. The marked block disappears. To copy the block, select Copy. Press the mouse button to unmark the block. For move or copy, move the mouse pointer to the new location and press the left button. Highlight the menu item Edit and press the left mouse button. Select Paste to insert the block. To insert the block to another program, open that program, move the cursor to the desired place and select Paste. Acquisitions Editor: David Clark Developmental Editor: Gary Masters Copy Editor: Marilyn Smith Technical Editor: Bob Campbell Typesetter: The Typesetting Shop, Inc. Proofreader/Production Assistant: Elisabeth Dahl Cover Designer: Ingalls + Associates Cover Photographer: David Bishop SYBEX is a registered trademark of SYBEX, Inc. TRADEMARKS: SYBEX has attempted throughout this book to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms by following the capitalization style used by the manufacturer. SYBEX is not affiliated with any manufacturer. Every effort has been made to supply complete and accurate information. However, SYBEX assumes no responsibility for its use, nor for any infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties which would result from such use. An earlier version of this book was published under the title Turbo Pascal Programs for Scientists and Engineers copyright ©1987 SYBEX Inc. Copyright ©1993 SYBEX Inc., 2021 Challenger Drive, Alameda, CA 94501. World rights reserved. No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way, including but not limited to photocopy, photograph, magnetic or other record, without the prior agreement and written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Card Number: 92-83718 ISBN: 0-7821-1150-5 Manufactured in the United States of America 10987654321 Borland Pascal Programs for Scientists & Engineers MILLS COLLEGE LIBRARY aa Or SHBEAS Borland Pascal’ Programs for Scientists & Engineers wlSS SS Alan R. Miller C lawl San Francisco ¢ Paris e Dusseldorf e London SYBEx® ae TD ghia. 3 eels, 14 502.%552 lo P2t%m~p \AAD Contents Introduction xvii Chapter 1 1 Evaluating the Borland Pascal Compiler Borland Pascal Compilers | Precision and Range of Floating-Point Operations 2 ‘Testing Floating-Point Operations 3 Comparing the Compilers 4 Other Borland Pascal Functions 5 ‘Testing Functions 5 The Arc ‘Tangent Function 7 The Arc Sine and Arc Cosine Functions 8 ‘Testing the Arc Sine and Arc Tangent Functions 9 Using External Files 10 Summary 11 Exercises 11 Chapter 2 15 Statistical Tools The Mean 15 Dispersion from the Mean 16 The Standard Deviation 18 Calculation of the Standard Deviation 19 Calculating the Mean and Standard Deviation 20 Mills College Library WITHDRAWN _MILLS COLLEGE Vill Random Numbers and Random-Number Generators 2S Evaluating the Random-Number Generator 23 Using w to Produce Random Numbers 25 Gaussian Random Numbers 25 A Gaussian Random-Number Generator 26 Summary 28 Exercises 28 Chapter 3 31 Vector and Matrix Operations Scalars and Arrays ot Vectors 32 Vector Arithmetic 33 Strings 35 Matrices 36 Matrix Arithmetic 37 Programming Matrix Multiplication 40 Determinants 44 Calculating Determinants 45 Inverse Matrices and Matrix Division 46 Summary 47 Exercises 47 Chapter 4 51 Simultaneous Solution of Linear Equations Linear Equations and Simultaneous Solutions 52 Solution by Cramer’s Rule 53 Linear Dependence 54 Example: A Direct-Current Electrical Circuit 9