The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective 16 Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes Akira Arimoto Ulrich Teichler John Brennan Editors Biographies and Careers throughout Academic Life The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective 16 Series Editors: Timo Aarrevaara, University of Lapland, Finland Leo Goedegebuure, University of Melbourne, Australia Editorial Board: Elisabeth Balbachevsky, Department of Political Science, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Jung Cheol Shin, Department of Education, Seoul National University, Republic of South Korea Ulrich Teichler, International Centre for Higher Education Research (INCHER), University of Kassel, Germany William Cummings, Graduate School of Education and HD, George Washington University, USA Akira Arimoto, Kurashiki Sakuyo University, Japan Scope of the series The landscape of higher education has in recent years undergone signifi cant change. This has been particular the case for research training, academic life, employment, working conditions and entrepreneurial activities of universities around the globe. The academy is expected to be more professional in teaching, more productive in research and more entrepreneurial in everything. Some of the changes involved have raised questions about the attractiveness of an academic career for today’s graduates. At the same time, knowledge has come to be identifi ed as the most vital resource of contemporary societies. T he Changing Academy series examines the nature and extent of the changes experienced by the academic profession. It aims to address these changes from an international comparative perspective, focusing at both the higher education system level as well as the STEM fi elds of science, technology, engineering and mathematics in particular. It explores both the reasons for and the consequences of these changes. T he series considers the implications of the changes for the attractiveness of the academic profession as a career and for the ability of the academic community to contribute to the further development of knowledge societies and the attainment of national goals. It provides analyses on these matters drawing initially on available data-sets and qualitative research studies with special emphasis on the international studies of the Changing Academic Profession and the national surveys in STEM fi elds. Among the themes featured will be: • Relevance of the academy’s work • Enrolment, graduation and the institutional setting of STEM • Research, development and technology policies with regards to STEM • Internationalization of the academy governance and management • The new generation in the academic profession – the doctoral graduates More information about this series at h ttp://www.springer.com/series/8668 Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes • Akira Arimoto Ulrich Teichler • John Brennan Editors Biographies and Careers throughout Academic Life Editors Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes Akira Arimoto Facultad de Ciencias Humanas Kurashiki Sakuyo University Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Kurashiki , Japan Mexicali , México John Brennan Ulrich Teichler Open University Business School and International Centre for Higher Education London School of Economics Research Milton Keynes and London , UK University of Kassel Kassel , Germany The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective ISBN 978-3-319-27491-1 ISBN 978-3-319-27493-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-27493-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016935319 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 T his work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. T he use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. T he publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland Contents 1 Biographies and Careers Throughout Academic Life: Introductory Comments ......................................................................... 1 Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes , Akira Arimoto , Ulrich Teichler , and John Brennan Part I Emerging Higher Education Systems 2 Identity Features and Working Conditions of Argentine Academics: A Comparative Study of Two Disciplinary Communities ............................................................................................ 11 Mercedes Leal , Sergio Robin , and María A. Maidana 3 Brazilian Higher Education: Converging Trajectory Patterns in a Diverse Institutional Environment.................................. 31 Elizabeth Balbachevsky 4 Personal Characteristics, Career Trajectory and Job Satisfaction of Academics in Malaysia .................................................. 47 Vincent Pang , Norzaini Azman , Morshidi Sirat , and Yew Lie Koo 5 The Mexican Academic Profession Between Centuries: Who are the Actors? ............................................................................... 67 Manuel Gil-Antón , Laura E. Padilla-González , and Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes 6 The South African Academic Profession: Personal Characteristics, Career Trajectories, Identities and Sense of Commitment ...................................................................... 89 Charl C. Wolhuter , Philip Higgs , and Leonie G. Higgs v vi Contents Part II Mature Higher Education Systems 7 The Changing Academic Profession in Canada: Personal Characteristics, Career Trajectories, Sense of Identity/Commitment and Job Satisfaction ..................................... 105 Amy Scott Metcalfe , Donald Fisher , Glen Jones , Yves Gingras , Kjell Rubenson , and Iain Snee 8 In and Out of the Laboratory: Herzberg, Job Satisfaction and the Attitudes of Finnish University Academics ............................. 121 Timo Aarrevaara and Ian R. Dobson 9 A Portrait of the Changing Academic Profession in the Netherlands ................................................................................... 143 Harry van der Kaap and Egbert de Weert 10 Academics’ Professional Characteristics and Trajectories: The Portuguese Case ............................................................................... 165 Rui Santiago , Teresa Carvalho , Sofi a Branco Sousa , Diana Dias , and Maria de Lourdes Machado-Taylor 11 Academic Inbreeding of Korean Professors: Academic Training, Networks, and their Performance ......................................... 187 Jung Cheol Shin , Jisun Jung , and Soo Jeung Lee Part III Comparative Studies 12 Identity of Argentine Academics: International and Compared Perspective ..................................................................... 209 Martín Aiello and Cristian Pérez-Centeno 13 How Do Personal Characteristics Influence Scholarly Productivity? A Comparative Study of Chinese and American Academic Professions..................................................... 231 Zeng Lin and Hong Shen 14 Career and Self-Understanding of Academics in Germany in Comparative Perspective .............................................. 241 Ester Ava Höhle and Ulrich Teichler 15 Changing Academic Career Trajectories and Identity/Commitment of Academics in Japan ...................................... 271 Akira Arimoto 16 Academic Advancement and Gender: A Comparative Analysis ......................................................................... 297 William K. Cummings and Olga Bain Contents vii 17 Demographics, Career and Academic Self- Understanding: A Comparative View............................................ 317 Jesús F. Galaz-Fontes , Akira Arimoto , Ulrich Teichler , and John Brennan Appendix: A New Bibliography of Publications of the Project “The Changing Academic Profession” (CAP) and Related Projects ......... 341 Author Biographies Timo Aarrevaara i s Professor of Public Management at the University of Lapland, Finland, following several years as the professorial head of HEGOM, the Higher Education Governance, Organisation and Management research unit at the University of Helsinki. He also holds Docent’s position in Administrative Science at the University of Tampere. Aarrevaara has a professional experience in public administration as well as in research and teaching with a research interest in chang- ing professions, higher education governance, public management and public engagement. He has been the principal investigator in the Finnish Changing Academic Profession Project (CAP) and has participated on behalf of Finland at the CAP Consortium. He has produced several publications and presented papers at international symposia on this topic. Martín Aiello i s full professor in Institutional Evaluation at the National University of Tres de Febrero (UNTREF, Argentina). He’s also the director of the PhD and Master’s programs in Higher Education, University of Palermo, in the frame of the UNESCO Chair “History and Future of the University”. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Barcelona, Spain and a degree in Sociology from the University of Buenos Aires. His major specialization is in Educational Research and Planning and Institutional Evaluation in Higher Education. He’s Joint Editor of the Argentinean Journal of Higher Education ( w ww.revistaraes.net ) . Akira Arimoto is President’s Advisor and Director & Professor, Research Institute for Higher Education (RIHE), Hyogo University. He was former President and president’s advisor and Director and Professor of Research Institute for Higher Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University, Japan. Prior to this he was Professor and Director of Higher Education at the Research Institute for Higher Education (RIHE) at Hijiyama University. He is Professor Emeritus of Hiroshima University. He is Associate Member of the Japan Council of Science, and President of the National Association of Research Institutes for Higher Education. He is a member of the editorial board of the book series “Higher Education Dynamics”. He was Professor and Director of the RIHE at Hiroshima University, Akira, Chair of ix