BASE PROSPECTUS 26 APRIL 2017 J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V. (incorporated with limited liability in The Netherlands) as Issuer JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (a national bankingassociation organised under the laws of the United States of America) as Issuer and as Guarantor in respect of Securities issued by J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V. JPMorgan Chase & Co. (incorporated in the State of Delaware, United States of America) as Issuer Structured Securities Programme for the issuance of Notes, Warrants and Certificates Arranger and Dealer for the Programme J.P. Morgan INTRODUCTION TO THISDOCUMENT The Securities, the Guarantee and, in certain instances, the securities to be delivered upon redemption or exercise of the Securities, if any, have not been and will not be registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or the laws of any state or other jurisdiction of the United States, and trading in the Securities and the Guarantee have not been approved by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") under the U.S. Commodity Exchange Act of 1936, as amended (the "Commodity Exchange Act"). The Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the Guarantee have not been and will not be registered under the rules of the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"). Subject to certain exceptions, the Securities may not be offered, sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, delivered, exercised or redeemed at any time within the United States or to, or for the account or benefit of, any U.S. Person that is not an affiliate (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) of the Issuer. Hedging transactions involving "equity securities" of "domestic issuers" (as each such term is defined in the Securities Act and regulations thereunder) may be conducted only in compliance with the Securities Act, and hedging transactions must be conducted only in compliance with the Commodity Exchange Act. What is this document? This document (referred to as the "Base Prospectus") constitutes a "base prospectus" for the purposes of the Prospectus Directive (as defined below) relating to the Securities (as described below) other than for Exempt Securities (as described below). This Base Prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference into it, is intended to provide investors with information necessary to enable them to make an informed investment decision before purchasing Securities. It is valid for 12 months after its approval and may be supplemented from time to time to reflect any significant new factor, material mistake or inaccuracy relating to the information included in it. References in this Base Prospectus to "Exempt Securities"are to Securities for which no prospectus is required to be published under the Prospectus Directive. Who are the Issuers and the Guarantor of the Securities? The Securities will be issued by one of (i) J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V., (ii) JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and (iii) JPMorgan Chase & Co. The relevant "Issue Terms" document (as described below) will specify which of these companies is the Issuer of the relevant Securities. Securities issued by J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V. will be guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or JPMorgan Chase & Co. shall not be the subject of a guarantee. The Securities are unsecured and unsubordinated general obligations of the relevant Issuer (and, if applicable, the Guarantor). All payments or deliveries to be made by the relevant Issuer (and, if applicable, the Guarantor) under the Securities are subject to the credit risk of the relevant Issuer (and, if applicable, the Guarantor). The potential return on and value of the Securities will be adversely affected in the event of a default or deterioration in the financial position of the relevant Issuer (and, if applicable, the Guarantor). The registration document for each Issuer which is incorporated by reference into this Base Prospectus, together with other information provided in this Base Prospectus, provides a description of each Issuer's business activities as well as certain financial information and material risks faced by each Issuer. What are the Securities? The relevant Issuer may issue Securities in the form of any of (i) Warrants (ii) Certificates and (iii) Notes (all of which are referred to as "Securities") under the Structured Securities Programme for the issuance of Notes, Warrants and Certificates (the "Programme"). Securitiesmay (a) have any maturity (save that any Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. will not have a maturity of less than one year from the date of their issue), (b) be listed and traded on a regulated (or other) market, or not listed or traded, (c) be unrated or rated, (d) be non-interest bearing or bear fixed or floating rate interest or other variable interest, (e) have interest and/or redemption amounts which are dependent on the performance of one or more "Reference Assets" (as described below), (f) be settled by way of cash payment or physical delivery and (g) provide that the scheduled amount payable could be as low as zero or else provide some level of minimum scheduled amount payable at maturity (subject to the credit risk of the relevant Issuer and, if applicable, the Guarantor). ii What are the Reference Assets? The return on the Securities may be dependent on the performance of one or more "Reference Assets". The types of Reference Assets to which Securities issued under the Programme may be linked are (i) a share or a depositary receipt (ii) a share index, (iii) an exchange traded fund (ETF), (iv) a mutual fund. (v) a commodity, (vi) a commodity index, (vii) a foreign exchange rate, (viii) an interest rate or swap rate or any other rate, (ix) the credit risk of a reference entity and (x) one or more or any combination of the above. The relevant Issuer is under no obligation to hold a Reference Asset, and holders of Securities will have no beneficial interest or any other rights in relation to any Reference Assets. What are Final Terms? A "Final Terms"document will be prepared in relation to each tranche of Securities (other than Exempt Securities), and sets out the specific details of the Securities. For example, the Final Terms will contain the issue date, the maturity date, the Reference Asset(s) to which the Securities are linked and specify the applicable "Payout Conditions" (or, if applicable, "Credit Linked Provisions") used to calculate the redemption amount and any interest/coupon payments (if applicable). In addition, an issue-specific summary will be annexed to the Final Terms for each issuance of Securities (other than Exempt Securities). Each issue-specific summary will contain a summary of key information relating to the relevant Issuer, the Guarantor (if applicable), the Securities, the risks relating to the Issuer and the Securities, and the offer of Securities. You should read the applicable Final Terms, together with this Base Prospectus (including the information incorporated by reference in it), before deciding to purchase any Securities. What are Pricing Supplements? A "Pricing Supplement" document will be prepared in relation to each issuance or tranche of Exempt Securities, and sets out the specific details of the Exempt Securities. For example, the Pricing Supplement will contain the issue date, the maturity date, the Reference Asset(s) to which the Exempt Securities are linked and specify the applicable "Payout Conditions" (or, if applicable, "Credit Linked Provisions") (or directly set out the payout terms) used to calculate the redemption amount and any interest/coupon payments. You should read the applicable Pricing Supplement, together with this Base Prospectus (including information incorporated by reference in it), before deciding to purchase any Exempt Securities. What are Issue Terms? "Issue Terms" means either (i) where the Securities are not Exempt Securities, the applicable Final Terms or (ii) where the Securities are Exempt Securities, the applicable Pricing Supplement. What are the principal risks? The Securities are "derivative securities" (under the Prospectus Directive), and an investment in Securities is subject to a number of risks, as described in the section of this Base Prospectus entitled "Risk Factors"below. Securities are speculative investments, and returns may at times be volatile and losses may occur quickly and in unanticipated magnitude. Depending on the particular "Payout Conditions"(as described in this Base Prospectus and as specified in the applicable Issue Terms), you may bear the risk of losing some or up to all of your investment depending on the performance of the Reference Asset(s) to which your Securities are linked. Even if the relevant Securities provide for a minimum scheduled amount payable at maturity, you could still lose some or up to all of your investment where (i) the relevant Issuer (and, if applicable, the Guarantor) becomes insolvent or otherwise fails to meet its payment (or delivery) obligations under the Securities, (ii) you are able to sell your Securities prior to maturity (which may not be the case, as there may not be a secondary market for them), but the amount you receive is less than what you paid for them, (iii) your Securities are redeemed or terminated by the relevant Issuer prior to maturity due to the occurrence of one or more specified events as provided in the terms and conditions of the Securities, and the amount you receive on such early redemption or termination is less than what you paid for the iii Securities or (iv) the terms and conditions of your Securities are unilaterally adjusted by the relevant Issuer due to the occurrence of one or more specified events as described in the terms and conditions of the Securities, resulting in a reduced return. You should not acquire any Securities unless you (whether by yourself or in conjunction with your financial adviser) understand the nature of the relevant Securities and the extent of your exposure to potential loss on the Securities, and any investment in Securities must be consistent with your overall investment strategy. You (whether by yourself or in conjunction with your financial adviser) should consider carefully whether the particular Securities are suitable for you in the light of your investment objectives, financial capabilities and expertise. You should consult your own legal, tax, accountancy, regulatory, investment and other professional advisers as may be required to assist you in determining the suitability of the Securities for you as an investment. You should read, in particular, the sections of this Base Prospectus entitled "Risk Factors" and "Commonly Asked Questions" for important information prior to making any decision to purchase Securities. The Securities, the Guarantee and, in certain instances, the securities to be delivered upon redemption or exercise of the Securities, if any, have not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act and trading in the Securities and the Guarantee have not been approved by the CFTC under the Commodity Exchange Act. The Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the Guarantee have not been and will not be registered under the rules of the OCC. Subject to certain exceptions, the Securities may not be offered, sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, delivered, exercised or redeemed at any time within the United States or to, or for the account or benefit of, any U.S. Person that is not an affiliate (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) of the Issuer. Hedging transactions involving "equity securities" of "domestic issuers" (as each such term is defined in the Securities Act and regulations thereunder) may be conducted only in compliance with the Securities Act, and hedging transactions may be conducted only in compliance with the Commodity Exchange Act. Potential for Discretionary Determinations by the Calculation Agent and the Issuer under the Securities Under the terms and conditions of the Securities, following the occurrence of certain events outside of the control of JPMorgan Chase (as defined below), the Calculation Agent and/or the Issuer may exercise discretion to take one or more of the actions available to it in order to deal with the impact of such event on the Securities or (if applicable) the Issuer's hedging arrangements. Any such discretionary determinations could have a material adverse impact on the value of and return on the Securities. An overview of the potential for discretionary determinations by the Calculation Agentand the Issuer under the Securities is provided in the section of this Base Prospectus entitled "Overview of the Potential for Discretionary Determinations by the Calculation Agent and the Issuer". iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page IMPORTANT NOTICES.......................................................................................................................1 Provides important information in relation to the status of the Securities, the Guarantee, offering restrictions in relation to the Securities and restrictions on the use of the Base Prospectus. It is relevant to all Securities. CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS...........................6 Sets out considerations that should be taken into account when reading any statement relating to future events and circumstances. It is relevant to all Securities. SUMMARY OF THE PROGRAMME.................................................................................................8 Provides a summary of the key information contained within this Base Prospectus with placeholders for information specific to each issuance of Securities. A summary completed with such issue specific information will be attached to the Final Terms. RISK FACTORS...................................................................................................................................99 Sets out the principal risks inherent in investing in Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST............................................................................................................164 Provides a description of various potential conflicts of interest that JPMorgan Chase is subject to in respect of the Securities, and which could have an adverse effect on the Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE...................................................................167 Incorporates the Registration Document for each Issuer and other information. Each Registration Document sets out key information in relation to the relevant Issuer. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROGRAMME..................................................................170 Provides an overview of certain important information in relation to the Programme and this Base Prospectus. It is relevant to all Securities. COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS...............................................................................................174 Provides answers to some of the questions which investors may have when considering an investment in the Securities and provides an introduction to the Issuers, the types of Securities which may be issued under the Programme and certain terms of such Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. OVERVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL FOR DISCRETIONARY DETERMINATIONS BY THE CALCULATION AGENT AND THE ISSUER................................................................................204 Overview of the types of events that could give rise to a discretionary determination by the Calculation Agent or the Issuer and the actions available to them to deal with the impact of such events. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE SECURITIES....................................................................214 Comprises (I) the General Conditions, (II) the applicable Payout Conditions, (III) the applicable Reference Asset Linked Conditions and (where applicable) certain provisions relevant to German Securities: I. GENERAL CONDITIONS...................................................................................................214 Sets out the terms and conditions that apply to all Securities. v II. PAYOUT CONDITIONS......................................................................................................302 Sets out the additional terms and conditions in relation to the redemption payments and interest/coupon payments (if applicable) in respect of the Securities. Only those Payout Conditions specified in the relevant Issue Terms to be applicable will apply to a particular series of Securities. The Payout Conditions will not be applicable in respect of Credit Linked Securities. III. REFERENCE ASSET LINKED CONDITIONS................................................................354 Each of the following four sections sets out additional terms and conditions for Securities linked to a particular Reference Asset. Only those Reference Asset Linked Conditions specified in the relevant Issue Terms to be applicable will apply to an issuance series of Securities.  SHARE LINKED PROVISIONS.............................................................................354 Sets out additional terms and conditions that are applicable to Share Linked Securities.  INDEX LINKED PROVISIONS..............................................................................373 Sets out additional terms and conditions that are applicable to Index Linked Securities.  COMMODITY LINKED PROVISIONS.................................................................386 Sets out additional terms and conditions that are applicable to Commodity Linked Securities.  FX LINKED PROVISIONS......................................................................................402 Sets out additional terms and conditions that are applicable to FX Linked Securities.  CREDIT LINKED PROVISIONS............................................................................410 Sets out additional terms and conditions that are applicable to Credit Linked Securities (including in relation to the redemption payments and interest payments (if applicable) in respect of the Credit Linked Securities).  FUND LINKED PROVISIONS................................................................................473 Sets out additional terms and conditions that are applicable to Fund Linked Securities. IV. APPENDIX – PROVISIONS REGARDING RESOLUTIONS OF HOLDERS OF GERMAN SECURITIES......................................................................................................494 Sets out the provisions regarding resolutions of holders of German Securities. FORM OF FINAL TERMS................................................................................................................499 Provides a template for the Final Terms to be used for each issuance of Securities, other than Exempt Securities. It is relevant to all Securities (other than Exempt Securities). FORM OF PRICING SUPPLEMENT..............................................................................................587 Provides a template for the Pricing Supplement to be used for each issuance of Exempt Securities. It is relevant to all Exempt Securities. USE OF PROCEEDS..........................................................................................................................672 Sets out the use of the proceeds from the sale of Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. vi FORM OF GUARANTEE..................................................................................................................673 Sets out the form of guarantee given by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in respect of Securities issued by J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V. It is only relevant to Securities issued by J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V. BOOK-ENTRY CLEARING SYSTEMS..........................................................................................677 Provides information on the rules and procedures of the relevant clearing system in which the Securities may be cleared and settled. It is relevant to all Securities. SUBSCRIPTION AND SALE............................................................................................................680 Provides a summary of certain restrictions regarding the offer and sale of the Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. PURCHASER REPRESENTATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS AND TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS................................................................................................................................711 Sets out certain representations and requirements and transfer restrictions with respect to each issuance of Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. CERTAIN ERISA CONSIDERATIONS..........................................................................................720 Provides an overview of certain ERISA considerations. It is relevant to all Securities. TAXATION.........................................................................................................................................725 Provides an overview of certain taxation considerations relating to the Securities. It is relevant to all Securities. IMPORTANT LEGAL INFORMATION.........................................................................................793 Sets out important legal information relating to theSecurities. GENERAL INFORMATION.............................................................................................................801 Provides certain additional information on the Securities, the Base Prospectus, the Programme and the Issuers. It is relevant to all Securities. INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS..........................................................................................................803 An index of all defined terms used in this Base Prospectus. vii Important Notices IMPORTANT NOTICES Status of the Securities The Securities are unsecured and unsubordinated general obligations of the relevant Issuer and not of any affiliate of that Issuer. Status of the Guarantee The Guarantee is an unsecured and unsubordinated general obligation of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and not of any of its affiliates. Status of the Securities issued by, and the Guarantee of, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. The Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the Guarantee: (i) are not savings accounts or deposits of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or any bank or non-bank subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.; and (ii) will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. except obligations, including U.S. domestic deposits of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., that are subject to any priorities or preferences by law. Status of the Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. The Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co.: (i) are not savings accounts or deposits of JPMorgan Chase & Co. or any bank or non-bank subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., and (ii) will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of JPMorgan Chase & Co., except obligations that are subject to any priorities or preferences by law. Neither the Securities nor the Guarantee are covered by any deposit insurance protection scheme Neither the Securities nor the Guarantee are deposits insured by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC"), the U.S. Deposit Insurance Fund or any other governmental agency or instrumentality, in the United States or in any other jurisdiction. Offering restrictions in the European Economic Area This Base Prospectus has been prepared on the basis that, except to the extent sub-paragraph (ii) below may apply, any offer of Securities in any Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a "Relevant Member State") will be made pursuant to an exemption under the Prospectus Directive, as implemented in that Relevant Member State, from the requirement to publish a prospectus for offers of Securities. Accordingly, any person making or intending to make an offer in that Relevant Member State of Securities which are the subject of an offering contemplated in this Base Prospectus as completed by the Final Terms in relation to the offer of those Securities may only do so (i) in circumstances in which no obligation arises for the Issuer or the Dealers to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 16 of the Prospectus Directive, in each case, in relation to such offer, or (ii) if a prospectus for such offer has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State and (in either case) published, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, provided that any such prospectus has subsequently been completed by Final Terms which specify that offers may be made other than pursuant to Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member State and such offer is made on or prior to the date specified for such purpose in such prospectus or Final Terms, as applicable. Except to the extent sub-paragraph (ii) above may apply, neither the Issuer nor the Dealers have authorised, nor do they authorise, the making of any offer of Securities in circumstances in which an obligation arises for the Issuer or the Dealers to publish or supplement a prospectus for such offer. 1 Important Notices Certain U.S. restrictions and other disclosure The Securities, the Guarantee and, in certain instances, the securities to be delivered upon redemption or exercise of the Securities, if any, have not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act and trading in the Securities and the Guarantee has not been approved by CFTC under the Commodity Exchange Act. The Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the Guarantee have not been and will not be registered under the rules of the OCC. The Securities are being offered and sold only to non-U.S. Persons in offshore transactions in accordance with Regulation S under the Securities Act ("Regulation S"). The Securities issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the Guarantee may also be offered or sold in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act provided by Section 3(a)(2) thereof and will be offered and sold pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the OCC (including, in the case of offers or sales outside the United States, in compliance with Regulation S as such regulation is incorporated into the regulations of the OCC pursuant to 12 C.F.R. Section 16.5(g)). The Securities may not be offered, sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, delivered, exercised or redeemed at any time within the United States or to or for the account or benefit of any U.S. Person; provided, however, that this restriction shall not apply to a U.S. Person that is an affiliate (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) of the Issuer. Hedging transactions involving "equity securities" of "domestic issuers" (as each such term is defined in the Securities Act and regulations thereunder) may be conducted only in compliance with the Securities Act, and hedging transactions must be conducted only in compliance with the Commodity Exchange Act. JPMSP (as defined herein) has not registered, nor intends to register, as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"). For a description of certain additional restrictions on offers and sales of the Securities, on distribution of this Base Prospectus and the relevant Issue Terms and of certain agreements and representations that any person who purchases Securities at any time is required to make, or is deemed to have made, as a condition to purchasing such Security or any legal or beneficial interest therein, see the sections entitled "Subscription and Sale" and "Purchaser representations and requirements and transfer restrictions". Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the Securities and the Guarantee or determined that this Base Prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence. The OCC has not approved or disapproved of the Securities issued byJPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or the Guarantee or determined that this Base Prospectus is accurate or complete. General restriction on distribution of this Base Prospectus The distribution of this Base Prospectus and the offering or sale of the Securities in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Persons into whose possession this Base Prospectus comes are required by the Issuers, the Guarantor, the Dealers and the Arranger to inform themselves about and to observe any such restriction. The publication of this Base Prospectus is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument in any jurisdiction where such offer or solicitation would violate the laws of such jurisdiction. No other person is authorised to give information on the Securities beyond what is in this Base Prospectus and related Issue Terms No person has been authorised to give any information or to make any representation other than as contained in this Base Prospectus in connection with the issueor sale of the Securities and, if given or made, such information or representation must not be relied upon as having been authorised by the relevant Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as a Guarantor under the Guarantee in respect of Securities issued by J.P. Morgan Structured Products B.V. or any of the Dealers or J.P. Morgan Securities plc as arranger (the "Arranger"). The information in this Base Prospectus (and any supplement) is subject to change 2 Important Notices Neither the delivery of this Base Prospectus nor any sale made in connection herewith shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the relevant Issuer or the Guarantor (if applicable) since the date hereof or the date upon which this Base Prospectus has been most recently supplemented or that there has been no adverse change in the financial position of the relevant Issuer or the Guarantor (if applicable), since the date hereof or the date upon which this Base Prospectus has been most recently supplemented or that any other information supplied in connection with the Programme is correct as of any time subsequent to the date on which it is supplied or, if different, the date indicated in the document containing the same. Important Swiss notice The Securities do not constitute a participation in a collective investment scheme in the meaning of the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes and they are neither subject to approval nor supervision by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority ("FINMA") and investors are exposed to the credit risk of the Issuer and, if applicable, the Guarantor. Disclaimer by Arranger and Dealers The Arranger and the Dealers have not separately verified the information contained in this Base Prospectus. None of the Arranger or any of the Dealers makes any representation, express or implied, or accepts any responsibility, with respect to the accuracy or completeness of any of the information in this Base Prospectus. None of the Arranger or any of the Dealers undertakes to review the financial condition or affairs of any of the Issuers or the Guarantor during the life of the arrangements contemplated by this Base Prospectus nor to advise any potential purchaser or Holder of Securities of any information coming to the attention of the Arranger or any of the Dealers. Not a basis for a credit or other evaluation and not a recommendation to purchase Securities This Base Prospectus is not intended to provide the basis of any credit or other evaluation, and should not be considered as a recommendation by any of the Issuers, the Guarantor, the Arranger or the Dealers that any recipient of this Base Prospectus should purchase the Securities. Each potential purchaser of Securities should determine for himself or herself or itself the relevance of the information contained in this Base Prospectus and any purchase of Securities should be based upon such investigation as such potential purchaser deems necessary. Important Dutch notice Neither JPMorgan Chase & Co. nor JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. has received authorisations from De Nederlandsche Bank NV for the pursuit of the business of a bank in The Netherlands and are not licensed pursuant to section 2:11(1) of the Netherlands Financial Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht). However, they are permitted to issue Securities in The Netherlands under the Netherlands Financial Supervision Act. Important notice inrelation to Securities offered in the Kingdom of Bahrain In relation to investors in the Kingdom of Bahrain, Securities issued in connection with this Base Prospectus and related offering documents must be in registered form and must only be marketed to existing account holders and accredited investors as defined by the Central Bank of Bahrain ("CBB") in the Kingdom of Bahrain where such investors make a minimum investment of at least U.S.$ 100,000, or any equivalent amount in other currency orsuch other amount as the CBB may determine. This offer does not constitute an offer of securities in the Kingdom of Bahrain in terms of Article 81 of the Central Bank and Financial Institutions Law 2006 (decree Law No. 64 of 2006). This Base Prospectus and related offering documents have not been and will not be registered as a prospectus with the CBB. Accordingly, no Securities may be offered, sold or made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase nor will this Base Prospectus or any other related document or material be used in connection with any offer, sale or invitation to subscribe or purchase securities, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in the Kingdom of Bahrain, other than as marketing to accredited investors for an offer outside Bahrain. The CBB has not reviewed, approved or registered the Base Prospectus or related offering documents and it has not in any way considered the merits of the securities to be marketed for investment, whether 3