Revised November, 2007 BARLEY CULTIVARS FOR CALIFORNIA Lee Jackson, Extension Agronomist Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis The following are descriptions of barley cultivars evaluated in California from 1981 to 2007. The descriptions are based on published cultivar releases and data from the UC Regional Cereal Evaluation Tests conducted each year throughout California. Yield performance data for most of the cultivars can be found in University of California, Davis Agronomy Progress Reports (No.'s 118, 128, 144, 155, 168, 180, 201,209, 217, 223, 229, 233, 236, 244, 249, 254, 259, 262, 265, 272, 276, 279, 286, 288, 290, 293 and 295) for 1981-2007, respectively. Reports #262 through #295 also can be seen at http://agric.ucdavis.edu/crops/cereals/cereal.htm. WINTER BARLEY BOYER Boyer is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Washington State University Agricultural Research Center in 1975. It was developed from a single plant selection made in 1967 from the cross Luther//Rufflyn/White Winter. Its experimental designations were WA 1094-67 and WSU-1094-67. Boyer was bred to replace other winter barleys, Luther and Kamiak, and is moderately winter-hardy. Winter survival is somewhat better than for Luther and about equal to Kamiak. Boyer is mid-season in maturity (about 5 days later than Kamiak and about one week earlier than Luther), has stiff straw and is medium tall (several inches shorter and more lodging resistant than Kamiak and Luther). The spike is erect and mid-dense with little overlapping of the lateral kernels. It has rough awns. Rachis edges and glumes are covered with numerous long hairs. The rachilla has numerous long hairs. Kernels are medium size with smooth hulls and white or colorless aleurone. It is adapted to areas in the Pacific Northwest favorable to winter barley survival. It is susceptible to stripe rust and moderately susceptible to scald and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 574 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1982-2006 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 17(4):672 (1977) DEVORA Devora is a two-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by Cebeco Seeds, the Netherlands. It was selected from the cross Mosar x E82011-8805 x Magie. It is medium-late maturing and mid-tall with good straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to net blotch, stripe rust, and leaf rust. It was evaluated as Entry 1181 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 2006 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California and late fall planting in the Central Valley and the south-central coastal region of California. EIGHT-TWELVE Eight-Twelve is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the USDA-ARS and the Idaho AES in 1991. It was selected from the cross Steveland/Luther//Wintermalt. Its experimental designation was 79Ab812. It has rough awns, midseason maturity, good winter hardiness, and is medium height with intermediate lodging resistance. Spikes are short and dense. Kernels have white aleurone and short rachilla hairs. It is susceptible to stripe rust, scald, and snow mold, and moderately susceptible to BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 697 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1982-2006 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 32(3):828 (1992) GWEN Gwen is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 1991. It was selected from the cross Ohio 67-23/Lakeland. Its experimental designation was ORFB 77796. It is small headed, early maturing with medium height, good lodging resistance, and excellent winter hardiness (similar to Boyer). It has good yield in areas with low to medium yield potential; it is not meant for high yield environments. At the time of evaluation it was tolerant to BYD, moderately susceptible to scald, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 879 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1993-95 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. 1 HESK Hesk is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 1980. It was selected from the cross Ione/Luther. It has medium-late season maturity, medium height, good lodging resistance, and fair winter hardiness. It performs well in high pH soils. Spikes are nearly lax and erect. Rachis edge hairs are long. Awns are rough and medium long. Glumes are covered with short hairs. The glume awn is nearly equal to glume length. Hulls are adhering and smooth. The kernel is medium size and medium long. Aleurone is colorless, occasionally light blue. Rachilla hairs are long. Kernel veins are prominent, with several barbs on lateral veins. The crease is narrow, V-shaped. At the time of evaluation it was susceptible to scald, BYD, covered smut and stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 568 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1982-85 and from 1987-2003 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. HOODY Hoody is a six-rowed winter (hooded) forage barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 1995. It was selected from a three-way cross, [Dicktoo/Cascade//Hiproly (winter hardy/winter-adapted//spring-high lysine)] by [Missouri early Beardless/CI 10432 (Hooded-foliar disease resistance/hardy]. The cross was made from selections from bulk populations provided by Dr. Charles Rhodes, retired Oregon State University plant breeder. That cross was then crossed to a selection from a population of [SC714662/Nebar (BYDV + scald resistance/winter hardy)]. Its experimental designation was Fbw1001hdd. It is moderately winter hardy and has good BYD tolerance. It is tall with medium maturity and fair straw strength. The spike is mid-dense. The rachis is short and straight. The collar is closed to V-shaped. The glume is normal with a hooded awn. The rachis edge has short hairs. The kernel is covered. Lemma nerves appear smooth. Rachilla hairs are short and abortive. The hull is white. The aleurone is white. It is moderately resistant to scald, moderately susceptible to net blotch, and susceptible to stripe rust and leaf rust. At the time of release hay yields were superior to those of eastern United States winter hay barleys. It was evaluated as Entry 1130 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 2004 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. HUNDRED Hundred is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Washington Agricultural Research Center and Idaho and Oregon AESs in 1989. It was selected from the cross Luther/Hudson//Alpine/Svalof//White Winter/Triple Bearded Mariout-305. Its experimental designations were WA 066739 and WA1574-77. It is a semi-dwarf with medium height and medium late maturity. It is slightly shorter than Boyer, similar in maturity and lodging resistance, with very good winter-hardiness. It is adapted to dryland or irrigated conditions in eastern Washington and adjacent areas of Idaho and Oregon. It has club-shaped erect spikes with long rough awns. The relatively small, globose kernels have semi-smooth, tightly adhering hulls with white aleurone, short rachilla hairs, and prominent veins. The crease is narrow at the base and flaring toward the awn. At the time of evaluation it was more resistant to scald, Cephalosporium stripe and powdery mildew than Kamiak, Boyer and Showin, moderately resistant to BYD, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 877 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1991and from 1993-96 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 31(1):227 (1991) KAMIAK Kamiak is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Washington, Idaho and Oregon AESs in 1971. It was selected from the cross Böre/Hudson. Its experimental designation was WA 2084-63. It was bred to replace Hudson in the winter barley areas of eastern Washington. It is more lodging resistant, 6 cm shorter and similar in winter-hardiness compared to Hudson. It is rough-awned, mid-tall and early maturing. The spike is semi-dense and kernels are medium size and plump. The aleurone is light blue and rachillas are short haired. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to scald and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 129 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1982, 1987, and from 1989-91 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 13(5):579 (1973) KOLD Kold is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon and Idaho AESs in 1993. It was selected from the cross B-1285/Astrix. Its experimental designation was ORWM8407. It has midseason maturity and mid-short height. It has moderate resistance to lodging and fair winter hardiness. The spikes are lax with rough awns. Aleurone is white. At the time of release it was resistant to stripe rust, moderately resistant to scald and 2 net blotch, and moderately susceptible to BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 908 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1994-2006 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 35(5):1503 (1995) MAJA Maja is a six-rowed winter feed/malt barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 2006 and licensed to AgriSource (Burley, Idaho). It is a doubled haploid developed from the F of the cross of Strider/88Ab536. Its 1 experimental designation was STAB 113. Maja, like the 88Ab536 parent, is a facultative variety: it has a “winter” allele at the Vrn-H1 locus on chromosome 5H but lacks the repressor encoded by the Vrn-H2 locus on 4H.This configuration of vernalization genes can lead to early maturity under some environmental conditions, and this feature could be an advantage in terms of flexibility in planting date, irrigation savings, and drought avoidance. It is a standard height selection with rough awns and a semi-compact spike. The grain has white aleurone. Maja has high test weight and showed promise as malting barley in repeated micro-malting tests, but it was ultimately not approved by the American Malting Barley Association (AMBA). It has a lower grain protein and enzyme level than is desired for production of lighter beers. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to stripe rust and susceptible to scald. It was evaluated as Entry 1129 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 2001-2006 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Oregon AES (2006) MAL Mal is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 1980. It has mid-late season maturity, medium height, moderate resistance to lodging, and good winter hardiness. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to scald and susceptible to stripe rust and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 569 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1982-85, in 1987, and from 1989-96 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. ROBUR Robur is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station. It has midseason maturity and fair straw strength. It was evaluated as Entry 650 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1983-87 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. SCHUYLER Schuyler is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the New York AES in 1968. It was selected from the cross Hudson/Alpine. Its experimental designation was NY 5619B-3B-1. It has a compact spike, rough awns, medium late maturity, medium short height, fair lodging resistance, and good winter hardiness. It has higher yields than Hudson but lower test weight. Kernels are medium large and plump with white aleurone. At the time of release it was moderately resistant to scald, stripe rust and powdery mildew, and susceptible to BYD. It subsequently became susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 131 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1985-95 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 12:124 (1972) SCIO Scio is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 1981. Its experimental designation was WA006747. It has midseason maturity, medium-short height, good lodging resistance, and fair winter hardiness. At the time of evaluation it was moderately susceptible to scald and BYD, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 567 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1982-85 and from 1987- 2003 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. SHOWIN Showin is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Washington State University and Idaho AES in 1985. It was selected from the cross 68-1448/2116-67. Its experimental designation was WA 2905-75. It has mid-late season maturity and good winter hardiness. It is a semi-dwarf with mid-short straw and resistance to lodging. It has a prostrate growth habit until jointing. The spike is lax and mid-long with some nodding. The awns are rough and long. Seed is relatively small, long, and thin with semi-smooth, tightly adhering hulls, white aleurone, short rachilla hairs, and semi-prominent veins. The crease is narrow at the base and flaring toward the awn. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to Cephalosporium stripe, moderately susceptible to 3 scald, and susceptible to stripe rust and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 878 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1986-87, from 1989-91, and from 1993-98 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 26:1079 (1986) STRIDER Strider is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by the Oregon AES in 1997. It is a doubled-haploid line produced from the cross I1162-19/J-126//WA1245///Steptoe. Its experimental designation was ORW-6. It is medium height (slightly taller than Kold) and medium early maturing with fair straw strength. It has rough awns and a semi-compact spike. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to stripe rust and moderately susceptible to scald, net blotch, and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 964 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1997-2006 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Oregon AES (1997) SUNSTAR DOUBLE Sunstar Double is a six-rowed facultative (winter/spring) feed barley. It was released by Sunderman Breeding Co in 1995. It was selected from the cross Eight Twelve/Steptoe. Its experimental designation was SDM 208B. It has intermediate height and good straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to BYD and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 950 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1995-98 for fall planting and spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. SUNSTAR PRIDE Sunstar Pride is a six-rowed winter feed barley. It was released by Sunderman Breeding Co in 1997. It was selected from the cross Eight Twelve/Steptoe. Its experimental designation was SDM 204 B-1. It has intermediate height and good straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to BYD and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 952 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1996- 98 for fall planting in the intermountain region of northern California. WESTBRED SPRINTER Westbred Sprinter is a six-rowed facultative (winter/spring) feed barley. It was released by Western Plant Breeders in 1986. It was selected from a winter barley composite population developed by Neil Jensen at Cornell University. It can be planted in the winter or spring planting seasons. It has late season maturity (7 days later than Westbred 501 and 3-5 days later than Schuyler), semi-dwarf height with stiff straw, and excellent lodging resistance. It is awned and has white aleurone. It is moderately resistant to scald, net blotch, stripe rust, powdery mildew, and bacterial leaf blight, and susceptible to leaf rust, stem rust and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 748 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1986-88, in 1991, and from 1993-2006 for fall planting and spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. SPRING BARLEY AC METCALFE AC Metcalfe is a two-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in 1997. It was selected from the cross AC Oxbow/Manley. Its experimental designations were TR 232 and WM8612-1. It is widely adapted to western Canada and has excellent malting and brewing quality, particularly malt extract. It is tall with fair straw strength and is medium late maturing (about one day later than Harrington). At the time of release it was resistant to loose smut, stem rust, moderately resistant to the surface-borne smuts and the spot-form of net blotch (and had adult plant resistance to some net-form pathotypes), and susceptible to scald, speckled leaf blotch, common root rot, and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 1217 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 2007 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. ADVANCE Advance is a six-row spring malting and feed barley. It was released by the Washington Agriculture Research Center and the Idaho and Oregon AESs in 1979. It is a reselection made in 1973 at Pullman, Washington from WA6591-69 which was selected from the cross Foma/Triple Bearded Mariout//White Winter (WA6194- 63)/3/Blazer. Its experimental designation was WA 6591-69. Advance was accepted for malting and brewing by the MBIA in 1982. Advance has medium short (about 2 inches shorter than Steptoe) stiff straw and early maturity (about 5 days earlier than Steptoe). The spike is erect, mid-dense, and mid-long with little or no 4 overlapping of lateral rows. Awns are rough and long, the rachis edge is hairy, and the glumes are medium length and covered with hairs. The glume awn is twice the length of the glume. The rachilla hairs are short. Kernels are medium-sized with a smooth to slightly wrinkled hull, and white or colorless aleurone. At the time of evaluation Advance was moderately susceptible to powdery mildew and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 583 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1981-93 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 23:1218 (1983) ALEXIS Alexis is a two-row spring malting and feed barley. It was released by Western Plant Breeders. It was selected from the cross BI1622a/Triumph. It is midseason in maturity and is mid-tall with fair straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 966 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1997 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. ANDRE Andre is a two-row spring malting and feed barley. It was released by the Washington State University in 1983. It was selected from the cross Klages/Zephyr. It is adapted to higher rainfall areas of eastern Washington, eastern Oregon and northern Idaho. It has midseason maturity (3-4 days earlier than Klages). It is mid-tall with moderately stiff straw. Spikes are lax, mid-long, and nodding. Awns are long and rough. Glumes have medium hairs. The glume awn is slightly longer than the glume. Rachilla hairs are short. Seeds are plump with white aleurone. The hull is tightly adhering and finely wrinkled. Veins are prominent. The crease is narrow and shallow at the base and flaring toward the beard end with a well defined fold in the distal half. At the time of release, it was susceptible to BYD and moderately resistant to powdery mildew. It was evaluated as Entry 655 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1983-84 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 25:1123 (1985) APEX Apex is a two-row spring malting and feed barley. It was developed by Wilbur-Ellis Co. It was selected from the cross Aramir*((Cebaco 6721*(Julia/3/Volla*L100)). It is late maturing and is mid-tall with fair straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to leaf rust, net blotch, and powdery mildew. It was evaluated as Entry 721 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1985 and in 1987 for late fall planting in the Central Valley and south-central coastal regions of California and for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. AQUILA Aquila is a six-row spring feed barley. It was released by the Utah AES in 2003. It was selected from the cross UT-S.D. B1-1009/M72-395/3/Utah Short #2//ID633019/Woodvale/4/Steptoe/M27//Westbred Gustoe. Its experimental designation was UT97B1480-1632. It is early heading and has very good lodging resistance. Plant height is mid-tall, similar to Steptoe. It has a lax spike with limited overlapping of upper lateral spikelets. The peduncle is slightly curved. The rachis has short hairs on its edges. At the bottom of the spike, the collar is of closed type or V-shaped. The basal rachis internode has a short-straight to curved shape. The length of the rachis internodes is relatively constant from top to bottom of the spike. Glumes are hairy on dorsal surfaces and edges. Glume awns are longer than the glumes. No hairs or only a few are visible on the ventral surface of glumes. The awns are long, and of the fully rough type. The seed is covered, mid-long with a depressed crease at the lemma base. Lemma teeth are few and confined to nerves, the rachilla is of the short-haired type, hulls are slightly wrinkled, and the aleurone color is white. At the time of release it was resistant to loose smut and covered smut, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 1152 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 2004-07 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 45: 1160 (2005) ARIVAT Arivat is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the Arizona AES in 1940. It was recommended and approved for certification in California in the late 1940's. It was selected from the cross Atlas/Vaughn made in 1927 in California. It was adapted to the southwestern United States. Arivat has erect early growth, early maturity, short stature, but relatively weak straw. The spike is short to mid-long, lax, erect to inclined. Lateral kernels overlap at the tip. The rachis edges are long-haired. Awns are semi-smooth and long. The glume is covered with long hairs or hairs confined to wide bands. The glume awn is one-and-one half to two times the 5 length of the glume. Rachilla hairs are long. Kernels are large with slightly wrinkled hulls and white or colorless aleurone. At the time of evaluation it was moderately susceptible to leaf rust and net blotch and susceptible to stripe rust, scald, and BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 1 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1980- 81 and from 1991-2001 for late fall planting in rainfed barley areas of the Central Valley and south-central coastal regions of California. Agronomy Journal 52:661 (1960) ATLAS 68 Atlas 68 is a six-rowed spring feed and malting barley. It was released by the California AES in 1969. It was selected from the cross Atlas *3/CIho 3920-1//Atlas 46/3/4* Atlas/CIho 1179//2* Atlas 57. It has erect early growth and early to midseason maturity. The straw is mid-tall and moderately stiff with medium-dense, erect spikes with semi-smooth awns. The kernels are large, with white aleurone and a short-haired rachilla. At the time of evaluation it was resistant (tolerant) to BYD, powdery mildew and scald. It was evaluated as Entry 6 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1980-81 for late fall planting in the Central Valley and south- central coastal regions of California. Crop Science 9(4):521 (1969) AZURE Azure is a six-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by the North Dakota AES in cooperation with the USDA-ARS in 1982. It was selected from the cross Bonanza//Nordic/NDB130. Its experimental designation was ND 1894. It was adapted to barley growing areas of North Dakota, Minnesota and South Dakota. It is medium early maturing and mid-tall with moderately strong straw. Spikes are medium lax, mid-long, and semi- nodding. Awns are smooth. The glume awn is 1 to 2 times the length of the glume. A broad band of appressed hairs occur down the center of the glume. Hulls are adhering and slightly wrinkled. Aleurone is blue. Rachilla hairs are long. Veins are moderately prominent and there are few to no barbs on lateral veins. The crease is V- shaped. Kernels are broad at the center; lateral kernels are moderately twisted. At the time of release it was resistant to stem rust, moderately resistant to spot blotch and net blotch, and susceptible to loose smut, false loose smut, covered smut, powdery mildew, and barley stripe mosaic. It was evaluated as Entry 690 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1984-85 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 22:1083 (1982) B1201 B1201 is a two-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Busch Agricultural Resources. It is late maturing and mid-tall (similar in plant height to Klages). It was evaluated as Entry 770 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1987-89 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. B1202 B1202 is a two-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Busch Agricultural Resources in 1989. It was selected from the cross RDB70-268/2B75-1223//Klages. Its experimental designation was 2B81-4038. It is medium late maturing and mid-tall (similar in maturity and plant height to Klages). It is susceptible to lodging but has higher yield potential than Klages. Spikes are lax. Awns are rough. Glumes are covered with long hairs. Hulls are adhering and slightly wrinkled. Aleurone is colorless. Rachilla hairs are long. The central vein is weakly developed, inner lateral vein is moderately developed, and outer lateral vein is weakly developed. There are no barbs on lateral veins. The crease is narrow at the base and flared toward the beard end. Kernels are plump and very broad in relation to length. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to powdery mildew and BYD, moderately susceptible to scald and net blotch, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 771 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1987-2004 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. B1215 B1215 is a two-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Busch Agricultural Resources. It is medium late maturing and mid-tall with fair straw strength. It was evaluated as Entry 906 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1990-91 and from 1993-95 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. B1603 6 B1603 is a six-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Busch Agricultural Resources. It is medium late maturing and mid-tall with poor straw strength. It was evaluated as Entry 826 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1990-91 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. B1614 B1614 is a six-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Busch Agricultural Resources. It is medium late maturing and mid-tall with fair straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was moderately susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 871 and Entry 907 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1992-95 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. B2601 B2601 is a six-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Busch Agricultural Resources in 1989. It was selected from the cross M31/6-rowed high extract composite cross. It is medium late maturing, about 4 days later than Morex. It is a semi-dwarf, about 10 inches shorter than Morex, and has strong straw. It has smooth awns. Glumes are covered with short hairs. Hulls are adhering and wrinkled. Rachilla hairs are short. The central vein is moderately prominent and weakly developed at the center of the kernel. The inner lateral vein is moderately developed, and the outer lateral vein is weakly developed. There are few barbs on lateral veins. The kernel has a humped back and is plump in relation to length. At the time of release it was susceptible to scald, net blotch, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. It was evaluated as Entry 797 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1989-91 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. BACON Bacon is a two-rowed spring malting barley. It was received for testing from Lynn Gallagher, UC Davis, in 1999. It is medium maturing and medium height with good straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was moderately susceptible to BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 1037 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1999 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. BANCROFT Bancroft is a two-rowed spring feed barley. It was developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS and the Idaho, Colorado, and Oregon AESs and released in 2000. It was selected from the cross Hector/60Ab1810-53. Its experimental designation was 78Ab10274. It is midseason in maturity, 3 days earlier than Crystal and 2 days earlier than Harrington. It is mid-tall, similar in plant height to Crystal and Harrington, but inferior in straw strength. Spikes are lax. Awns are rough. Kernels are covered and have white aleurone. Rachilla hairs are long. Barbs on lateral veins are few to none. Lemmas are typically wrinkled. Glumes are covered with long hairs. Rachis edges have numerous hairs. At the time of release it was resistant to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 1014 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1998 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 41:265-266 (2001) BARETTA Baretta is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by Arizona Plant Breeders. It was selected from a male-sterile facilitated recurrent selection population (MSFRS POP, SEL B91-3). Its experimental designation was APB B-712. It is medium-late maturing, medium-short height with fair to poor straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to BYD, moderately susceptible to net blotch and leaf rust, and susceptible to scald and stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 944 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1995-96 and in 1998 for late fall planting in the Central Valley and south-central coastal regions of California. BARONESSE Baronesse is a two-rowed spring feed barley. It was developed in Germany and first marketed in the United States by Western Plant Breeders in 1991. It was selected from the cross ([(Mentor x Minerva) x mutant of Vada] x [(Carlsberg x Union) x (Opavsky x Salle) x Ricardo]) x (Oriol x 6153 P40). It is midseason in maturity (similar to Klages and 3-5 days later than Steptoe). It is medium height (2 inches shorter than Steptoe) and has moderately stiff straw. When lodging is minimal, it has higher yield potential than other 2-rowed barleys and most 6-rowed barleys. Awns are rough. Glumes are covered with long hairs. Hulls are adhering and wrinkled. Aleurone is colorless. Rachilla hairs are long. Veins are well defined. There are no barbs on lateral veins. The crease is narrow in the lower half and flared toward the beard end. The kernel is plump and broad in relation to 7 length. At the time of evaluation Baronesse was moderately resistant to BYD, moderately susceptible to scald and net blotch, and susceptible to stripe rust, leaf rust, and powdery mildew. It was evaluated as Entry 900 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1993-2007 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. BEARPAW Bearpaw is a two-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the Montana AES in cooperation with the USDA-ARS in 1989. It was selected from the cross TR440/Clark = Klages//Zephyr/Centennial/3/Clark. Its experimental designation was MT 81616. It has midseason maturity and is mid-tall with fair straw strength. Spikes are mid-lax, mid-long and nodding at maturity. It has rough awns. Kernels are mid-size with long-haired rachillas and adhering finely wrinkled, thin hulls, and white aleurone. It is 2 days later in heading, has a similar percentage of plump kernels, is 3 cm shorter and has stiffer straw than Hector. It was adapted to dryland and irrigated areas in central and north central Montana, Pacific Northwest and Northern Great Plains. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to powdery mildew and net blotch and susceptible to leaf rust. It was evaluated as Entry 774 in 1988 and as Entry 822 in 1990 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California and for late fall planting in the Central Valley and south-central coastal regions of California. Crop Science 30(2):421 (1990) BELFORD Belford is a six-rowed hooded spring barley. It was developed at the Washington AES and released in 1943. It was selected from the cross Beldi Giant/Horsford. Early growth is erect to semi-prostrate. It has medium maturity, tall plant height, and moderately weak straw. The basal rachis internode is curve or straight, 1-3 mm long. The rachis is tough with short-haired edges. The spike is lax, short to mid-long, parallel, slightly waxy, erect to inclined. The lemma is hooded and the hoods are elevated, without appendage on the middle lobe or with a very short one. The glume awn is equal to the length of the glume and is rough. Glumes are one-half to two thirds the length of the lemma and are covered with short hairs. The rachilla is short haired. Kernels are blue. Hulls are slightly wrinkled to semi-wrinkled. It is moderately susceptible to scald and susceptible to stripe rust, leaf rust, and BYD. BELLA UNION Bella Union is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was developed by CIMMYT. It has early maturity, mid-tall plant height, and poor straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to powdery mildew, net blotch, scald, and stripe rust and moderately resistant to BYD. It was evaluated as Entry 1120 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 2003 for late fall planting in the Central Valley and south-central coastal regions of California. BELLONA Bellona is a two-rowed spring malting barley. It was released by Cebeco Seeds, the Netherlands, in 1983, and distributed by Wilbur-Ellis Co. It was selected from the cross Aramir//Aramir/Bomi. Its experimental designation was Cebeco 7931. It has late maturity, short plant height, and good straw strength. Spikes are long, initially erect and semi-drooping during ripening, and rather narrow with moderately strong anthocyanin coloration of the awns. It has long rachilla hairs. It was evaluated as Entry 722 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1985-86 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. BOB Bob is a two-rowed spring malting and feed barley. It was released by the Washington State University Agriculture Research Center in cooperation with the Idaho and Oregon Agricultural Experiment Stations, and USDA-ARS in 2002. It was selected from the cross A308 (Lewis somaclonal line)/Baronesse. Its experimental designation was WA8682-96. It has midseason maturity, medium plant height (about 3 cm taller than Baronesse), fair straw strength, lax nodding spikes, rough long awns, and plump white kernels with long rachilla hairs. It has mixed deficiens-wild type head types at a ratio of about 44%/56%. It was widely adapted across eastern Washington and in general across Idaho and Oregon. Yield averages 98% of Baronesse in eastern Washington. Test weight and kernel plumpness average 90% and 85%, respectively, of Baronesse. Maturity is 1 d later than Baronesse. Malting quality is comparable to Harrington based on 4-year average. At the time of release it was moderately resistant to leaf rust, moderately susceptible to stripe rust, and unknown reaction to 8 other diseases. It was evaluated as Entry 1097 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 2002-04 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 43:1132-1133 (2003) BOWMAN Bowman is a two-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the North Dakota AES in cooperation with the USDA-ARS in 1984. It was selected from the cross Klages//Fergus/Nordic/3/ND1156/4/Hector. Its experimental designation was ND 4994. It has early maturity, medium height, and moderately strong straw. Spikes are medium-long, medium-lax and semi-erect. Awns are smooth. Seeds are very plump with white aleurone. Test weight is high. At the time of release it was resistant to stem rust and susceptible to leaf rust, BYD and loose smut. It was evaluated as Entry 689 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1984-85 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 25:883 (1985) BRIGGS Briggs is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the California AES in 1966. It is a pure line selection from the backcross 2*California Mariout/Arivat. Its experimental designation was UCD 27. Briggs was adapted to the Sacramento Valley and Coastal area of California. It is similar to Arivat in many characteristics. It has short stature, but relatively weak straw compared to more recently released cultivars, and early maturity. Collars are closed and the basal rachis internode is straight. The spike is parallel, lax, and nodding at maturity. The lemma awn is long and semi-smooth. The glume awn is equal in length to the glume and is semi-rough. The glume is half the length of the lemma. Rachilla hairs are long. Kernels are long with slightly wrinkled hulls and white aleurone. At the time of release, Briggs was moderately resistant to scald, leaf rust and powdery mildew, and susceptible to BYD and net blotch. It was evaluated as Entry 2 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1980-94 for late fall planting, particularly in the Central Valley and the south-central coastal regions of California. Crop Science 8:776 (1968) BRIGHAM Brigham is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station in 1998. It was selected from the cross Woodvale//Primus/SD67-297/3/Steptoe/4/UT Short #1. Its experimental designations were UT90B772-2120 and UT002120. Brigham is an erect-growing semi-dwarf with early maturity. Spikes are erect (lax to dense) with essentially no overlap of lateral kernels and rachis edges covered with short hairs. Brigham has waxy leaves and slightly waxy spikes. Glumes are medium length and essentially covered with long hairs and have medium-length, semi-rough glume awns. Lemma awns are widely long, flaring, and semi-rough. The seed is covered, mid-long, slightly wrinkled, with long rachilla hairs and a slight crease at the base. Aleurone color is white. Most stems have a snaky shaped neck and most spikes are marked by a closed collar at the base. Brigham is recommended for production under irrigation. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to loose smut and covered smut, moderately resistant to BYD, moderately susceptible to powdery mildew, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 1009 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1998-2003 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 42:666 (2002) CALIBER Caliber is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by World-Wide Wheat. It was selected from a male- sterile facilitated recurrent selection population (CCXXXII-78). Its experimental designation was BA 2139. It has medium late maturity, medium plant height, and fair straw strength. At the time of evaluation it was moderately susceptible to scald, net blotch, and leaf rust, and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 983 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1998 for late fall planting in the Central Valley and south- central coastal regions of California. CAMELOT Camelot is a two-rowed spring feed barley. It is medium late maturing and mid-tall with poor straw strength. It was evaluated as Entry 851 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1991 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. CENTURY Century is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the Utah AES in 1997. It was selected from the cross WA641566/Bracken. Its experimental designation was UT1705-L. It has midseason maturity and medium 9 height with fair straw strength. It has strap-shaped, lax spikes with little overlap of lateral kernels at the tip of the spike and short hairs on the rachis edges. It has waxy leaves and spikes. Glumes are long, with short hairs confined to a band, and have medium length, semi-smooth glume awns. Lemma awns are long and rough. Stigmas are heavily feathered. Seed is covered, mid-long-to-long, semi-wrinkled, with numerous long rachilla hairs, and a transverse crease at the base. Aleurone color is white. The base of most spikes is marked by a closed collar. At the time of evaluation it was resistant to covered smut but less resistant to loose smut than Steptoe, Rollo, Walker, or Statehood. At the time of evaluation it was moderately resistant to powdery mildew and susceptible to stripe rust. It was evaluated as Entry 1015 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 1998 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 40:1506 (2000) CHAMPION Champion is a two-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by Westbred LLC in 2007. It was selected from the cross Camas/Baronesse. Its experimental designation was BZ-5F-108. It has midseason maturity, medium plant height and fair straw strength. It was evaluated as Entry 1218 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program in 2007 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. CLARK Clark is a two-rowed spring feed and malting barley. It was jointly developed by the USDA-ARS and Montana AES and released in 1981. It was selected from the cross Hector/Klages. Its experimental designation was MT 547234. It is adapted to irrigated and dryland conditions in Montana and dryland conditions in the Great Plains area. It has midseason maturity (2 days earlier in heading than Klages) and is mid-tall with fair straw strength (similar to Klages in lodging). Spikes are mid-lax, mid-long, nodding, with rough awns and long haired rachilla. Veins are moderately prominent. There are no barbs on lateral veins. The crease is narrow and shallow at the base tending to flare at the tip. Kernels are mid-size with finely wrinkled hulls. Aleurone is colorless. At the time of release it had more tolerance to spot blotch, net blotch and common root rot than Klages. It was evaluated as Entry 636 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1982-85 for spring planting in the intermountain region of northern California. Crop Science 25:197 (1985) CM 67 CM 67 is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the California AES in 1968. It was selected from the cross California Mariout*5/CIho 2376//6*California Mariout/2*Club Mariout. It is short-statured with early maturity. It is rough awned with medium dense spikes. Kernels are large with white aleurone and long-haired rachilla. At the time of release it was highly tolerant to BYD (carries the Yd2 gene from CIho 2376) and susceptible to scald and powdery mildew. It yields similar to California Mariout under disease-free conditions, but 22% greater in virus infected areas. It was evaluated as Entry 4 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program for late fall planting in the Central Valley and the south-central coastal regions of California. Crop Science 9:521 (1969) CM 72 CM 72 is a six-rowed spring feed barley. It was released by the California AES in 1974. It was selected from the cross California Mariout*4/CIho 1179//2*California Mariout*/Club Mariout/3/CM 67. CM 72 is the second backcross-derived strain of the original California Mariout. It differs from the earlier release, CM 67, by the addition of the Mla gene for resistance to powdery mildew. CM 72 also carries resistance to the barley yellow dwarf virus (Yd2 gene from CI 2376). It was adapted to areas where CM 67 or California Mariout were grown. CM 72 has short, weak straw (is very susceptible to lodging) and is early maturing. The spike is parallel, mid- dense, and nodding at maturity. The basal rachis internode is straight and the rachis edges are completely covered with hair. The rachilla is long-haired. The lemma awn is long and semi-smooth. The glume awn is greater in length than the glume and is rough. The glume is greater than one-half the length of the lemma. The kernels are large, with semi-wrinkled hulls and white aleurone. At the time of release CM 72 was resistant to BYD and powdery mildew, moderately resistant to leaf rust and net blotch, and susceptible to scald. It was evaluated as Entry 191 in the UC Regional Cereal Testing program from 1980-94 for late fall planting in the Central Valley and the south-central coastal regions of California. Crop Science 17:485 (1977) COLTER Colter is a six-rowed spring feed and malting barley. It was released by the USDA-ARS and the Idaho, Oregon, and Washington AESs in 1991. It was selected from the cross Steptoe/Larker//Karla. Its experimental 10