ATLAS OF HUMAN ANATOMY I ATLAS OF HUMAN ANATOMY BY DR. FERENC KISS t DR.]ANOSSZENTAGOTHAI PROFESSOR EMERITUS PROFESSOR SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL BUDAPEST BUDAPEST VOLUME I OSTEOLOGY • ARTHROLOGY AND SYNDESMOLOGY MYOLOGY 77TH EDITION THIRD ENGLISH EDITION IN COLLABORATION WITH G.N.C. CRAWFORD • •• ... ~ : 1980 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS THE HAGUE / BOSTON / LONDON Originally published as: dr. Kiss Ferenc-dr. Szentagothai Janos, Az ember anat6miajanak atlasza. Medicina Konyvkiad6, Budapest, 1959. The distribution of this book is handled by the following team of publishers: lor the United States for Hungary, Albania, and Canada Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Kluwer Boston, Inc. German Democratic Republic, 160 Old Derby Street Democratic People's Republic Hingham, MA 02043 01 Korea, Mongolia, Poland, USA Roumania, Soviet Union, Democratic Republic 01 Vietnam, lor all other countries and Yugoslavia Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Akademiai Kiad6 Distribution Center P. O. B. 24 P. O. Box 322 H-1363 3300 AH Dordreeht Budapest The Netherlands Hungary Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data CIP Kiss, Ferenc, 1889-1966. Atlas of human anatomy. Translation of Az ember anat6miajanak atlasza. Bibliography: p. Includes indexes. CONTENTS: v.I. Osteology. Arthrology and syndesmology. Myology. - v. 2. Splanchnology. Ductless glands. Heart. - v. 3. Nervous system. Angiology. Sense organs. 1. Anatomy, Human-Atlases. I. Szentagothai, Janos, joint author. II. Crawford, G.N.C. III. Title. QM25.K5413 1979 611'.002'22 79-18296 ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8816-3 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8814-9 DOl: 10.1 007/978-94-009-8814-9 Joint edition published by MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS P. O. B. 566, 2501 CN The Hague, The Netherlands and AKADEMIAI KIADO P. O. B. 24, H-1363, Budapest, Hungar-y Copyright © Akademiai Kiad6, Budapest, 1979 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written per mission of th3 pu'Jlish3r, Martinu8 Nijhoff Publishers bv, P. O. Box 566, 2501 CN The Hague, The Netherlands. Soft cover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1979 PREFACE AFTER ten years' preparation the first edition of our Atlas of Human Anatomy was published between 1946 and 1951. Our experience enabled us to improve each of the subsequent editions and the present one has also been thoroughly revised and enlarged to allow the inclusion of more instructive illus trations. Throughout we have adhered to our original intention that this work should be a well propor tioned Atlas of life-like illustrations primarily for medical students but also useful to the practising physician and surgeon. The introduction of topographical illustrations in the third volume has been welcomed by readers and, while not embarking on histology, semi-microscopic figures have been introduced into some chapters for a better understanding of function. We did not deviate without reason from the currently accepted methods of illustrating the elements of the different systems such as bones, joints, muscles, vessels and nerves and we were at pains to base our illustrations on original dissections and to include in them only essential details. The use of colour in the illustrations, introduced by the Italian anatomist Aselli (1627), was with didactic intent. The legends to the illustrations of this edition use the nomenclature of the "Nomina Anatomica", Paris 1955 (PNA) , as revised in New York in 1960. The illustrations of the Atlas were prepared by artists whom we had specially trained in anatom ical drawing and they are based on the principle that teaching and practical medical purposes are best served by their being slightly diagrammatic and generalized. We have therefore excluded such details as would only interest the expert and have placed clarity before uniformity of style. While we appreciate the importance of anatomy we must take into consideration the constant increase in the claims of the other subjects such as chemistry, physics and biology and the overburdening of the student which results. Nevertheless certain additional new morphological data concerning the structure of the lung, liver and kidney did seem to require inclusion. In the first edition we tried to include brain tracts and nuclei but their schematic representation seemed out of place in a book of this sori and also as our knowledge of them is continuously devel oping we deemed it best to leave them to the appropriate textbook. Our aim throughout has been to exclude unnecessary matter without "cutting" the subject as a whole. In the preparation of this edition we took account of the suggestions expressed in previous reviews of the book and we thank our colleagues for all opinions whether published or addressed to us in private correspondence. We would also like to express our gratitude to B. Zolnai M. D., who tragically passed away at a very early age, for his valuable assistance in the editorial and typo graphical work. He also devoted much useful and conscientious work to the incorporation of the new terminology and the preparation of the index. We are greatly indebted to the Editorial Staff of the Publishing House of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and express our thanks for their devoted collaboration. Our grateful acknowledgments are also due to Dr G. N. C. Crawford of the Department of Human Anatomy in the University of Oxford for his valuable advice on the preparation of this English edition. Janos Szentagothai OSTEOLOGIA 9 !lut (cmnluu\) ___ Thunu: __ Mcrnbn.nn ,upc:rhB lembruon Inr. .r lUi Fig. 1. SKELETON. PARTES CORPORIS 10 EI'II'IIY~I~ (CarUL relllVri ) ~,.~ Tro"""ula~ colli , I , / TrnLecuLo. lrochahl ril maJorls I _ 1IIJI"!:a.. ., ' AI' rllY I' (IruclulI,lcr moJor) u .poph)' I 110 ulostrultla .pongi Su'~tnllt i com cl DI.AJ'IIY I (COrpWl f"moria) Fig. 2. EPIPHYSIS PROXIMALIS FEMORIS I. (architectura ossis, sectio frontalis) ,'litO DlCllu11 re ... _ • u"l,lIInti. mrorl Llnl'n o:plphy bl'" Fig. 3. EPIPHYSIS DISTALIS FEMORIS (trajectoria) 11 Fig. 4. EPIPHYSIS PROXIMALIS FEMORIS II. (trajectoria) Fig. 5. SECTIO SAGITTALIS CALCANEI 12 Linea eplpbyala1la Trocb nUr major Lin. ar><>plly Utllo yum medullA"" Fig. 6. LINEAE TRAJECTORIALES FEMORIS (architectura ossis) 13 Fig. 7. SUBSTANTIA SPONGIOSA FEMORIS (architectura ossis)