The scholarly contributions which form this volume aim at a better understanding of one of the key stages in the transmission of Aristotle's philosophical message from antiquity to modernity. It's an established fact that Aristotelianism, because of an encyclopedic vocation for exploring all of the real, is perfectly in accordance with the cognitive universalism of the Greco-Roman Empire. Indeed Aristotle had classified the whole knowledge in a series of well-ordered disciplines, beginning with logic regarded as an essential instrument for learning and based on the philosophy of first principles that is metaphysics. But his investigations had also led him to renew physics, meteorology, grammar, poetics, rhetoric, politics, ethics, and above all to create the life sciences. This research and study wide-ranging program has without fail subsequently first aroused deep interest among the Roman encyclopedists, then among the Greek commentators, anxious to restore the original prestige of Aristotelian philosophy. The result of a colloquium organized by the Universities of Strasbourg and Naples, Aristoteles Romanus. The survival of Aristotelian science in the Greco-Roman Empire is an ordered, if not complete, approach originating from a varied investigation of the permanence of a phenomenon into modern times.