the organization of the voc The archives of the Dutch East India Company ( VOC) and the local institutions in Batavia ( Jakarta) 1 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 11 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Published with the support of the Philippus Corts Stichting Authors: Nationaal Archief, the Hague Ms. G. Louisa Balk Frans van Dijk Diederick J. Kortlang Dr. Pieter Koenders Leiden University Prof. dr. Femme S. Gaastra Dr. Hendrik E. Niemeijer With the assistance of: Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia Ms. Isye Djumenar Dra. Kris Hapsari Dra. Esti Kartikaningsih Dra. Risma Manurung Dra. Ina Mirawati Dra. Dwi Mudalsih Ms. Dwi Nurmaningsih Ms. Mira Puspita Rini Ms. Iyos Rosidah Dra. Euis Shariasih Drs. Langgeng Sulistyo Budi Ms. Endang Suhendar Drs. Sunarto Ms. Sutiasni Syarif Usman Dra. Widiyanti Ms. Triana Widyaningrum Translators: Ms. Rosemary Robson-McKillop, BA (Hons) Sydney Ms. Syahrita Chairaty Kasim Dr. Th. van den End 2 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 22 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc The Archives of the Dutch East India Company (VOC ) and the Local Institutions in Batavia (Jakarta) Arsip-arsip Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) dan lembaga-lembaga pemerintahan kota Batavia (Jakarta) De archieven van de Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) en de locale instellingen te Batavia (Jakarta) G.L. Balk F. van Dijk D.J. Kortlang With contributions by F.S. Gaastra Hendrik E. Niemeijer P. Koenders ARSIP NASIONAL REPUBLIK INDONESIA LEIDEN (cid:129) BOSTON 2007 3 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 33 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A C.I.P. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 978 90 04 16365 2 © Copyright 2007 by Nationaal Archief, The Hague, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Printed in the Netherlands 4 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 44 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Contents Preface Director General Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia 8 Preface Directeur Nationaal Archief 9 Introduction The organization of the VOC 13 The Central Administration of the VOC Government and the Local Institutions of Batavia (1619-1811) 61 History of the Archives 141 TANAP and the co-operation between ANRI and Nationaal Archief 169 Literature about the VOC 181 Appendices 189 Illustrations 193 Inventories Hoge Regering 209 Hoge Commissie 295 Algemene Rekenkamer 303 Raad van Justitie 307 Schepenbank 315 Heemraden 343 Weeskamer 349 Boedelkamer 381 Bank van Lening 389 Vendukantoor 393 Amphioensociëteit 397 Notarissen 403 Kerken 527 Burgerlijke Stand 547 Engelhard 559 5 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 55 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Daftar isi Kata sambutan Kepala Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia 8 Kata Pengantar Direktur Nationaal Archief 9 Pendahuluan Organisasi VOC 28 Pengurus Pusat VOC dan lembaga-lembaga pemerintahan kota Batavia (1619-1811) 87 Sejarah Arsip-arsip 150 TANAP dan kerja sama antara ANRI dengan Nationaal Archief 173 Kepustakaan mengenai VOC 181 Lampiran-lampiran 189 Gambar-gambar 193 Inventaris-inventaris Hoge Regering 209 Hoge Commissie 295 Algemene Rekenkamer 303 Raad van Justitie 307 Schepenbank 315 Heemraden 343 Weeskamer 349 Boedelkamer 381 Bank van Lening 389 Vendukantoor 393 Amphioensociëteit 397 Notarissen 403 Kerken 527 Burgerlijke Stand 547 Engelhard 559 6 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 66 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Inhoudsopgave Voorwoord van de directeur van het Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia 10 Voorwoord van de directeur van het Nationaal Archief 11 Inleiding De organisatie van de VOC 45 Het VOC-hoofdbestuur en de stedelijke colleges te Batavia (1619-1811) 115 De geschiedenis van de archieven 160 TANAP en de samenwerking tussen ANRI en Nationaal Archief 177 Literatuur over de VOC 181 Bijlagen 189 Illustraties 193 Inventarissen Hoge Regering 209 Hoge Commissie 295 Algemene Rekenkamer 303 Raad van Justitie 307 Schepenbank 315 Heemraden 343 Weeskamer 349 Boedelkamer 381 Bank van Lening 389 Vendukantoor 393 Amphioensociëteit 397 Notarissen 403 Kerken 527 Burgerlijke Stand 547 Engelhard 559 7 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 77 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Preface As a trading company the VOC pursued its operation between the archival institutions in these activities in a large number of countries on the two countries: the Netherlands and Indonesia. east coast of Africa and in a large area of Asia, Sharing in this communal world heritage and from the Cape of Good Hope to the island of putting their joint shoulders to the wheel to tackle Deshima in Japan. These activities produced an this gigantic task is the outcome of our joint inestimable contribution to the history of those attitude to co-operation in the field of archives, a nations in the making. collaboration which began in 2001. It is certain The archives of the VOC are the common that in the years to come, this co-operation will property of many nations in West and East enable us to scale new heights in achievements. (especially in Asia). It was therefore not at all This is the right and proper place to express surprising that they were nominated for inclusion our deep gratitude to Dr Maarten van Boven, in the Memory of the World International Register. The Director of the Nationaal Archief, for his enormous fact that in 2003, UNESCO did indeed admit this endeavours and support, and to extend this treasure trove to the list on which the collective gratitude to all who have been involved in the memory of the world is summed up is irrefutable preparation of this publication. Especially, we proof of the enormous importance of these would like to thank Frans van Dijk, Diederick archives to the world history. Kortlang and Louisa Balk for their assistance in Many States possess a collection of VOC rounding off the inventory of those VOC archives archives. As the institution which holds the largest which are held in the treasure chambers of the portion of this treasu re, the Arsip Nasional Republik Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia in Jakarta and in Indonesia (ANRI) is proud that it has been entrusted re-arranging that archive. with the task of preserving this communal heritage, We would also like to express our thanks to the these sources of seventeenth- and eighteenth- authors of the very informative introduction to this century history, for posterity. However, it has to be inventory. We also seize this opportunity to thank acknowledged that for the majority of Indonesian the publisher of this book, E.J. Brill. archive experts, compiling of an inventory and It is the hope of us all that historians and other making a description of the extremely extensive members of the academic world will be able to archive form such a Herculean challenge that they extract maximum profit from this publication of cannot shoulder it alone. the inventory of the VOC archive. With the assistance of Dutch archivists from the Nationaal Archief in The Hague, this particular Jakarta, August 2007 task has been brought to a successful conclusion. The concrete result, the publication The Archives Drs. Djoko Utomo MA of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Local Director General Institutions in Batavia (Jakarta), is the fruit of the co- National Archives Republic of Indonesia Kata sambutan Oleh karena aktivitas perdagangan VOC yang Sebagai lembaga yang menyimpan khasanah dilakukan di sejumlah besar negara di Pantai arsip VOC terbesar di antara koleksi yang Timur Afrika dan sebagian besar benua Asia, dari disimpan di beberapa negara lainnya, Arsip Tanjung Harapan Baik sampai ke Pulau Deshima Nasional Republik Indonesia merasa bangga dapat di Jepang, maka pengaruh kegiatan mereka melestarikan harta pusaka bersama sumber sejarah terhadap sejarah bangsa-bangsa di dalam proses abad ke-17 dan ke-18 itu. Kendati harus diakui pembentukannya tentu saja tidak dapat diabaikan. bahwa bagi sebagian besar arsiparis di Indonesia Mengingat arsip-arsip VOC itu sudah menjadi penyusunan inventaris dan deskripsi arsip yang milik bersama banyak bangsa, baik di dunia Barat berlimpah-ruah ini merupakan tugas raksasa yang maupun di Timur/Asia, maka arsip-arsip ini telah tidak mungkin untuk diselesaikan sendiri. dinominasikan untuk masuk dalam daftar Memory Dengan bantuan arsiparis Belanda dari of the World International Register. Pencantuman Nationaal Archief, maka tugas ini telah berhasil khasanah arsip VOC dalam daftar warisan ingatan diselesaikan dengan baik. Hasilnya yang berupa dunia tersebut oleh UNESCO pada tahun 2003 penerbitan buku Arsip-arsip Verenigde Oostindische sesungguhnya sudah memastikan makna signifikan Compagnie (VOC) dan lembaga-lembaga pemerintahan kota arsip VOC bagi kepentingan sejarah bangsa- Batavia (Jakarta) / The Archives of the Dutch East India bangsa. Company (VOC) and the Local Institutions in Batavia 8 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 88 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM the organization of the voc Preface This book is the result of an intensive cooperation The archives contain a surprising amount of b et ween the Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia information on many countries in Asia, Africa and the Nationaal Archief which started in the and Europe and on various, often unexpected year 2001. The main objective of this cooperation themes. Moreover the records of the local is to improve the accessibility and the physical institutions in Batavia are a hidden treasure for condition of the archives created by the Dutch historians interested in the past of Jakarta and its East India Company and the Netherlands Indies surroundings. Obviously UNESCO has included Government. Another objective is to train the records of the Verenigde Oostindische archivists of the Arsip Nasional in archival matters Compagny in the Memory of the World Register. and Dutch language and paleography. Let me conclude by expressing my great I am very proud that the cooperation resulted gratitude to my dear colleague and friend Djoko in this extensive book with the inventories of Utomo, director-general of the Arsip Nasional, 15 archives related to the Verenigde Oostindische for his everlasting efforts to make the Indonesian- Compagnie that are kept in Jakarta. The employees Netherlands cooperation successful. of the Arsip Nasional and the Nationaal Archief did a magnificent job by producing excellent dr. Maarten W. van Boven inventories according to international standards. Director Nationaal Archief This will benefit not only the researchers of Indonesia and the Netherlands but scholars from The Hague, August 2007 all over the world. Kata pengantar Buku ini merupakan hasil kerja sama intensif menghasilkan sejumlah inventaris bermutu tinggi Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) yang memenuhi ukuran internasional. Hasil jerih dengan Nationaal Archief di Den Haag, yang payah mereka ini akan membawa manfaat besar telah berlangsung sejak tahun 2001. Melalui kerja tidak hanya bagi para peneliti di Indonesia dan sama ini, kedua belah pihak ingin memperbaiki di negeri Belanda, tetapi juga bagi ilmuwan di sarana akses dan kondisi fisik arsip-arsip yang telah seluruh dunia. terbentuk dari kegiatan-kegiatan Verenigde Oost- Banyaknya informasi yang terkandung dalam Indische Compagnie dan Pemerintah Hindia Belanda. arsi p ar sip ini sungguh menakjubkan. Di dalamnya Tujuan lain ialah menambah pengetahuan para terdapat data-data mengenai sejumlah besar ahli arsip ANRI di bidang ilmu kearsipan dan negara di Asia, Afrika, dan Eropa serta pelbagai bahasa Belanda serta tulisan kuno Belanda. tema yang sering tidak kita duga sebelumnya. Saya merasa bangga karena kerja sama tersebut Selain itu, dokumen-dokumen yang berasal dari membuahkan Inventaris 15 arsip yang bertalian lembaga-lembaga lokal di Batavia merupakan dengan VOC dan yang tersimpan serta dirawat di harta karun yang tinggal ditemukan untuk Jakarta. Para pegawai Arsip Nasional dan Nationaal dijadikan objek penelitian oleh kaum sejarahwan Archief telah mencetak prestasi gemilang dengan yang berminat pada masa lalu kota Jakarta dan 9 nnaatt--aarrcchh__vvrrww..iinndddd 99 88//11//22000077 22::2277::3333 PPMM