Aquatic Toxicology: Mechanisms and Consequences SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS Chris Kennedy Alan Kolok ac Don M Kinlay International Congress on the Biology of Fish University of British Columbia, Vancouver. CANADA Aquatic Toxicology: Mechanisms and Consequences SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS Chris Kennedy Alan Kolok ac Don M Kinlay International Congress on the Biology of Fish University of British Columbia, Vancouver. CANADA Copyright © 2002 Physiology Section, American Fisheries Society All rights reserved International Standard Book Number (ISBN) 1-894337-22-0 Notice This publication is made up of a combination of extended abstracts and full papers, submitted by the authors without peer review. The papers in this volume should not be cited as primary literature. The Physiology Section of the American Fisheries Society offers this compilation of papers in the interests of information exchange only, and makes no claim as to the validity of the conclusions or recommendations presented in the papers. For copies of these Symposium Proceedings, or the other 50 Proceedings in the Congress series, contact: Don MacKinlay, SEP DFO, 555 West Hastings St., Vancouver BC V6B 5G3 Canada Phone: 604-666-3520 Fax 604-666-6894 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.fishbiologycongress.org ii PREFACE This symposium provides a forum for the presentation and discussion of relevant toxicological investigations involving fish. Like the previous 2 symposia on piscine toxicology in the Fish Biology Congress series, this one was held because there is an immediate and dire need to understand the various direct and indirect impacts of both natural and anthropogenic contaminants on fish and fisheries. The talks in this series range from the molecular level, through biochemistry and physiology, to effects on populations. These papers highlight the multidisciplinary nature of aquatic toxicology, and the diversity of approaches used to understand the mechanisms of toxicity and the relevance of those toxicities to individuals, populations and ecologies. In this series, papers discuss toxic mechanisms, comparative approaches to toxicology, various toxicants including organics and metals, effects on different biochemical, physiological and organ systems, as well as endeavors with applicability to population-level impacts. The cumulative knowledge communicated in this symposium will enhance our understanding of piscine toxicology, an area often underrepresented in the general world of basic and applied fish biology. Symposium Organizers: Chris Kennedy, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby B.C., Canada Alan Kolok, University of Nebraska, Omaha NE, USA Don MacKinlay, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Vancouver, B.C., Canada iii CONGRESS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Symposium is part of the International Congress on the Biology of Fish, held at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver B.C., Canada on July 22-25, 2002. The sponsors included: - Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) - US Department of Agriculture - US Geological Service - University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre - National Research Council Institute for Marine Biosciences - Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre The main organizers of the Congress, on behalf of the Physiology Section of the American Fisheries Society, were Don MacKinlay of DFO (overall chair, local arrangements, program and proceedings) and Rosemary Pura of UBC Conferences and Accommodation (facility arrangements, registration and housing). Thanks to Karin Howard for assistance with Proceedings editing and word-processing; to Anne Martin for assistance with the web pages; and to Cammi MacKinlay for assistance with social events. I would like to extend a sincere ‘thank you’ to the many organizers and contributors who took the time to prepare a written submission for these proceedings. Your efforts are very much appreciated. Don MacKinlay Congress Chair iv TABLE OF CONTENTS The impact of metal ions on some components of glutathione cycle in carp gill cells Arabi, M. and M.S. Heydarnejad........................................................................................1 Biochemical effects of environmental nitrite in matrinxã Moraes, Gilberto, et al......................................................................................................15 DNA synthesis after exposure to heavy metals in the testis of the spiny dogfish Redding, Michael..............................................................................................................27 Quantitative PCR of Atlantic salmon CYP1A in gills Rees, C, S McCormick, and W Li......................................................................................31 Expression of multi-drug resistance (MDR) p-glycoprotein and associated proteins (MRPs) in the flounder; effects of exposure to the polyaromatic hydrocarbon, benzo(a)pyrene Cramb,G, Cutler,et al. .....................................................................................................33 Sediment-associated pollutants in the marine environment: a multi-biomarker approach for assessing sediment toxicity in turbot Kilemade, M., Hartl, M. et, al. .........................................................................................39 Responses of Atlantic salmon and bivalve molluscs to paralytic shellfish Eddy, FB, et al. ................................................................................................................43 The effect of environmental levels of freshwater contaminants on juvenile Atlantic salmon: Implications for marine survival Lower, Nicola and Andy Moore........................................................................................47 Chloride cell changes induced by nitrite exposure in an amazonian fish species Da Costa O.T.F. and M.N. Fernandes..............................................................................51 Behavioral and Neurophysiological Effects of Carbamate Pesticides on Olfactory Capabilities in Pacific Salmon Jarrard, H and C Kennedy...............................................................................................63 v Effects of exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of ammonia and hypoxia on the swimming performance of brown trout Shingles, A. et al. .............................................................................................................69 Effects of chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)on reproductive performance of guppy De Silva, M.......................................................................................................................75 Maternal transfer of copper resistance in fathead minnows Peake, EB, et al. ...............................................................................................................87 Reduced gonadal somatic index and external coloration following exposure to P,P’-dde in adult male Fundulus heteroclitus Monosson, Emily et al. .....................................................................................................93 Blood cell responses of the tropical fish Prochilodus scrofa to acute copper exposure and subsequent recovery Cerqueira, Carla and M.N. Fernandes.............................................................................99 Toxicity of cadmium: a comparative study in the airbreathing fish, Clarias batrachus and in non-airbreathing Ctenopharyngodon idellus Joshi, P.K. & M. Bose.....................................................................................................109 Effects of vanadate oligomers on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in the Lusitanian toadfish kidney and liver: short term-exposure Figueiredo, Inês, et al. ...................................................................................................119 Incubation and pH-dependent effects of vanadate oligomers and cadmium with Halobactrachus didactylus sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump Leonardo, Lília, et al. ....................................................................................................123 Histological analysis of vanadate oligomers effects on heart, kidney and liver of the Lusitanian toadfish: an acute exposure study Borges, Gisela, et al. ......................................................................................................129 Cadmium and vanadate oligomers comparative effects on the toadfish erythrocyte Soares, Sandra, et al. .....................................................................................................133 vi Toxicity of Lake Enrichment nutrients to aquatic life MacKinlay, Don and Craig Buday.................................................................................139 vii viii