f N74- 72949 IIIIIHIIMIIIIIIIIIInHil \. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINIST,RATION SM2A-02 NASA SUPPORT MANUAL APOLLO SPACECRAFFATMILIARIZATION Contract NASg- 150 Exhibit I; Paragraph I0.2 1 DECEMBER 1966 MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER HOUSTON, TEXAS ,a_ SUPPORT MANUAL: N7_-72949 EAHILIAEIZATION (H&SA) Onclas 00/99 16143 TECHNICAL REPORT INDEX/ABSTRACT I I I I I c....... I I TITLE OF DOCUMENT LIBRARY USE ONLY _L&SA Suppbrt Manual Apollo Spacecraft Familiarization AUTHOR,S) B.H. Lokke and E.H. Cleveland CODE ORIGINATING AGENCY AND OTHER SOURCES DOCUMENT NUMBER North American Aviation, Inc. Space and Information Systems Division SID 62-435/SMPA-02 12214 Lakewood Blvd Downey, Cs]_fornia PUBLICATION DATE CONTRACT NUMBER 1 December 1966 NAS_-I_0, Exhibit I; Paragraph 10.2 DESCRIPTIVE TERMS Section titles are Project Apollo, Apollo Space Vehicle, Spacecraft Systems, Lunar Module, Apollo Spacecraft Manufacturing, Apollo Training Equipment, Apollo Test Program, Lunar Landing Mission, Apollo Support Manuals, and Glossary of Abbreviations, Symbols, and Terms. ABSTRACT This issue of the Apollo Spacecraft Familiarization manual provides introductory data for personnel associated with the Apollo program. Each command and service module system is discussed in general terms, but with sufficient detail to convey a clear understanding of the systems. In addition, the Apollo earth orbit and lunar landing missions are described, planned, completed, and test programs or missions are identified. Manufacturing, training equipment, ground support equipment, space vehicles, and the lunar module are all covered in gross terms. + FORM M t31-V REV. 6-66 2 d ,, SM2A-02 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Page INTRODUCTION vii PROJECT APOLLO . . . l-l I -3. The Apollo Test Program . I-I I-5. Earth Suborbital Missions . I-2 I-9. Earth Orbital Missions 1-3 1-14. Lunar Landing Mission 1-3 II APOLLO SPACE VEHICLE 2-i 2-l. General . 2-1 2-5. Apollo Spacecraft 2-2 2-6. Launch Escape System 2-2 2-8. Command Module 2-3 2- 13. Service Module 2-8 2-17. Lunar Module 2-11 Z-19. Spacecraft LM Adapter 2-11 Z-22. Launch Vehicles 2-12 2-24. Launch Escape Vehicle 2-12 2-26. Little ,]oe II 2-14 2-28. Saturn I . 2-14 2-30. Uprated Saturn I 2-14 2-32 Saturn V. 2-14 III SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS 3-i General . , . . . . 3-i 3-I. 3-4. Launch Escape System 3-I 3-7. LES Operation . . 3-2 3-11. Emergency Detection System . • 3-6 3-13. Automatic Abort . . . 3-6 3-15. Manual Abort 3-6 3-17. Abort Request Indicator Light and Event Timer 3-6 3-20. Earth Landing System .... 3-6 3-23. ELS Operation . . 3-8 3-25. Environmental Control System . . . 3-9 3-27. ECS Operation .... 3-9 3-33. Electrical Power System 3-II 3-35. D-C Power Supply . . . 3-11 3-41. A-C Power Supply .... 3-14 SM2A-02 Section Title Page 3-43. Spacecraft Power Sources and Power Consuming Devices 3-14 3-45. Reaction Control System . 3-25 3-47. Service Module Reaction Control . . 3-25 3-50. Command Module Reaction Control 3-27 3-52. Service Propulsion System . 3-30 3-55. Service Propulsion System Operation . 3-32 3-59. Guidance and Navigation System 3-32 3-65. Stabilization and Control System 3-35 3-67. Stabilization and Control System Operation 3-37 3-69. Spacecraft Control Programers 3-38 3-70. Control Programer .... 3-38 3-72. Mission Control Programer . . . 3-38 3-74. Spacecrafts 009 and 011 Programer Comparlson 3-38 3-76. Crew System . . . 3-40 3-78. Crew Couches 3-40 3-80. Personal Equipment . . . 3-40 3-92. Crew Couch and Restraint Equipment 3-42 3-94. Waste Management System . . 3-4Z 3-96. Crew Survival Equipment 3-42 3-98. Food, Water, and Associated Equipment 3-43 3-I00. Crew Accessories 3-44 3-I02. Command Module Interior Lighting 3-44 3-i06. Telecommunication Systems . . . 3-44 3-I08. Voice Operations 3-46 3-I13. Data Operations 3-49 3-I18 Tracking and Ranging Operations 3-50 3-123 Instrumentation System 3-50 3-127 Operational Instrumentation . . 3-51 3-129 Special Instrumentation . . . 3-51 3-131 Scientific Instrumentation . . 3-51 3-133 Flight Qualification 3-51 3-135. Caution and Warning System 3-51 3-137. ChWS Operation ..... 3-51 3-139. Controls and Displays • . • 3-52 3-142. Docking System (Block II) 3-59 3-148. Crewman Optical Alignment Sight (Block II) • • • 3-60 IV LUNAR MODULE 4-i 4-1. General ...... 4-1 4-4. LM Configuration ..... 4-I 4-5. Structure ......... 4-I 4-7. LM Operation ......... 4-4 4-9. Guidance, Navigation, and Control System . . . 4-4 4-13. Propulsion System ..... 4-5 4-15. Reaction Control System .... 4-5 4- 17. Environmental Control System .... 4-5 4- 19. Electrical Power System ..... 4-5 ii SM2A-02 Section Title Page 4-21. Communications 4-6 4-23. Instrumentation 4-6 4-25. Control and Display Panels 4-6 4-27. Crew Provisions 4-6 4-7 4-29. Scientific Instrumentation 5-i V APOLLO SPACECRAFT MANUFACTURING 5-I 5-I. General 5-3. Spacecraft Major Assemblies 5-I 5-5. Launch Escape System Structure 5-1 5-8. Command Module Structure 5-3 5-15. Service Module Structure 5-4 5-6 5-18. Spacecraft LM Adapter 5-20. Module Mating and Final Assembly 5-7 6-I VI APGLLO TRAINING EQUIPMENT 6-1. General 6-I 6-3. Apollo Mission Simulators 6-I 6-7. Systems Trainer 6-I VII APOLLO TEST PROGRAM 7-I 7-1. General 7-1 7-6. Spacecraft Development 7-1 7-9. Blocks I and II 7-6 7-16. Boile rplate Missions 7-9 7-19. Block I Boilerplate Test Program 7-9 7-20. Spacecraft Missions 7-14 7-23. Block I Spacecraft Test Program 7-14 7-18 7-24. Block II Spacecraft Test Program 7-25. Test Fixtures 7-20 7-20 7-30. Ground Support Equipment 7 -44. Missions Completed 7 -23 7 -23 7 -46. Boilerplate 6 7-48. Boile rplate 12 7 -24 7 -25 7-50. Boilerplate 13 7-52. Boilerplate 15 7 -26 7-54. Boile rplate 23 7 -27 7-56. Boilerplate 16 7-28 7-58. Boile rplate 22 7-29 7-60. Boilerplate 26 7-30 7-62. Boile rplate Z3A 7-31 7-64. Boilerplate 9A 7-32 VIII LUNAR LANDING MISSION 8-I 8-1. General 8-1 8-3. Kennedy Space Center 8-1 8-6. Transportation to Launch Pad 8-2 iii SMZA -02 Section Title Page 8-8. Launch Pad . 8-3 8-10. Countdown . . . 8-5 8-15. Lift-Off . . 8-6 8-17. First-Stage Separation 8-7 8-19. Second-Stage Events 8-7 8-21. Earth Orbit . 8-8 8-26. T ranslunar Injection 8-9 8-29. Initial Translunar Coast 8-9 8-32. Spacecraft Transposition and Docking 8-11 8-36. Final Translunar Coast 8-13 8-41. Lunar Orbit Insertion 8-14 8-53. Lunar Landing ..... 8-17 8-59. Lunar Surface Operations . 8-18 8-67. CSM Solo Lunar Orbit Operations 8-19 8-74. Lunar Ascent . . . 8-20 8-78. Rendezvous . . . 8-21 8-86. Transearth Injection and Coast 8-22 8-93. Service Module Jettison . 8-24 8-96. Earth Entry . . 8-25 8-i01. Earth Landing . 8-26 8-104. Recovery Operations 8-Z7 Appendix A APOLLO SUPPORT MANUALS A-l A-I, General . , . . , , A-1 A-3. Index of Apollo Support Manuals and Procedures A-1 A-5. Apollo Spacecraft Familiarization Manual . . A-2 A-7. Preliminary Apollo Operations Handbook, Command and Service Module . . A-2 A-9. Apollo Recovery and Postlanding Operations Handbook A-2 A-II. Apollo Ground Support Equipment Catalog .... A-2 A-13. Apollo Training Equipment Maintenance Handbooks . A-2 A-15. Apollo Mission Simulator Instructor Handbook . A-2 B GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND TERMS . B-I LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure No. Title Page Frontispiece ......... viii 1-1, Apollo Spacecraft ......... 1-1 i-2. Earth Suborbital Mission Profile (Typical) .... I-2 I-3. Earth Orbital Mission Profile (Typical) . . . 1-3 I-4. Lunar Exploration Mission Profile (Typical) .... 1-4 iv SM2A -02 J LISTOFEFFECTIVPEAGES J NOTE : The portion of the text affected by the current chinl_eS is indicated by avertical line in the outer re.It|ins of the l_li:e. TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 190, CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING: Page No. Title A i thru viii i-I thru 1-4 2-I thru 2-14 3- 1 thru 3-60 4-I thru 4-8 5-I thru 5-8 6-i thru 6-4 7-i thru 7-34 8-I thru 8-28 A-l thru A-2 B-l thru B-18 *The asterisk indicates pages changed, added, or deleted by the current chlnlle. Manuals will bedistributed asdirected bythe NASA Apollo Program Office. All requests for manuals should bedirected tothe NASA Apollo Spacecraft ProcjramOffice atHouston, Texas. V A