Walsh College Library APA Documentation 2016 1 Documentation: APA Style Books There are no definitive books on MLA and APA styles, although the first four works cited below are considered official reference books on documentation. It would be more accurate to call them “works in progress.” Students often find documentation difficult because of gaps in coverage, especially with electronic resources; a student may not be able to find an appropriate example of a citation in any of the reference books to exactly match his citation. Because of these gaps, writers often improvise their own interpretations of documentation and thus create different versions. The books listed below will be the most useful for help with documentation. American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. (REF BF 76.7 .P83 2010) American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. (REF BF 76.7 .P83 2001) American Psychological Association. (2007). APA Style Guide to Electronic Resources. Washington, DC: Author. (Available online on the Library Portal under Research Paper Help.) American Psychological Association. (2010). Concise rules of APA style. Author: Washington, DC. (REF BF 76.7 .C66 2010) Lester, J. D., & Lester, J. D., Jr. (2010). Writing research papers: A complete guide (13th ed.). New York, NY: Longman Publishing Group. (REF LB 2369 .L4 2010) on Reserve Perrin, R. (2004). Pocket guide to APA style. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Company. (REF BF 76.7 .P426 2004) Internet Sites A student should check with his/her instructor about the appropriate documentation style and method for citing electronic resources. Handouts on documenting research papers are available upon request in the library. APA Style Citation Examples: Kim Reeves, Walsh College Library - Novi http://www.walshcollege.edu/upload/docs/Library/libkimapa.pdf 2 APA Citation Style Guidelines: 40 page guide from Cengage http://www.cengage.com/resource_uploads/downloads/0495799661_216547.pdf APA: Parenthetical Documentation and Bibliographic Form http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/how/citationstyle.htm?CFID=859817&CFTOKEN=32384715 APA: Electronic Reference Formats Recommended by the American Psychological Association http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html Tutorials APA Official Tutorial: Basics of APA Style http://flash1r.apa.org/apastyle/basics/index.htm What's New in the 6th Edition of APA http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/brief-guide.aspx APA Style: University of Maryland University College http://www.umuc.edu/library/libhow/how_cite.cfm APA Tutorial: Universities Libraries, University of Southern Mississippi http://www.lib.usm.edu/legacy/tutorials/apatutorial/tutorialindex.html APA In Text Citations Owl Writing Lab: In Text Citations http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/ Common Business Citations in APA Format: Ann Fiegen of Cal State San Marcos http://library.csusm.edu/subject_guides/business/apa_business.htm ipl2: Citing Electronic Informtion http://www.ipl.org/div/farq/netciteFARQ.html DOI or Digital Object Identifiers: APA 6th Edition The doi, digital object identifier, is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to an article or electronic book. The publisher assigns a doi when an article or e-book is published and made available electronically. All doi numbers begin with a 10 and contain a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. You can use the doi of an article in place of the phrase "Retrieved from _______ database. The doctoral students will most likely be using the doi. DOI or Digital Object Identifiers: APA 6th Edition APA Explanation of Doi: Electronic Sources and Locator Information http://www.apastyle.org/manual/related/electronic-sources.pdf 3 What is a doi, or digital object identifier? www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/what-is-doi.aspx University of Maryland: APA including DOI examples http://www.umuc.edu/library/libhow/apa_examples.cfm APA Style Reference Guide with Doi: Northern Michigan University http://library.nmu.edu/guides/userguides/style_apa.htm Free DOI Lookup at Crossref.org http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/ DOI Resolver Tool to Verify a known DOI http://www.crossref.org/05researchers/58doi_resolver.html Tim McAdoo on YouTube has a tutorial: How to Find a Doi Even though, only EBSCO and FirstSearch examples apply to us, the tutorial is still useful. http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2009/12/how-to-find-a-doi.html Web Sites that Help You Generate Citations Citation Machine Provides a fill-in form to help you write citations from books and periodicals in APA style http://citationmachine.net/ Knight Cite: Helps you generate citations in APA by entering information in boxes http://www.calvin.edu/library/knightcite/ NoodleBib Express Click on NoodleBib Express to generate citations in APA style and follow the guides directions. This link is ree to users http://www.noodletools.com Plagiarism Plagiarism.org http://plagiarism.org/ Plagiarism: Extensive Bibliography http://www.web-miner.com/plagiarism Avoiding Plagiarism: OWL Online Writing Lab at Purdue University https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/930/01/ 4 Consult the APA Documentation Research Guide for more information: http://researchguides.walshcollege.edu/home. Students are advised to check with their instructors about correct documentation. NB 16 5 APA 6th Edition : Information on DOI The 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) updated the guidelines for citing electronic references. This was in response to keeping pace with the increase in electronic book and journal publishing There is some disagreement as to whether the new version actually simplifies the process for the student. One of the new features is the addition of the doi. The doi, digital object identifier, is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to an article or electronic book. The publisher assigns a doi when an article or e-book is published and made available electronically. All doi numbers begin with a 10 and contain a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. The prefix is a unique number of four or more digits assigned to organizations; the suffix is assigned by the publisher and was designed to be flexible with publisher identification standards. When you furnish the doi, your readers can find the exact source you are referencing by pasting it into Google,the Crossref Resolver Tool at http://www.crossref.org/05researchers/58doi_resolver.html, or the Doi Resolver on the DOI Systems Page at http://www.doi.org/ (located at the bottom of the page).  Where do you find the doi? The doi is typically located on the abstract page of the electronic journal article. Sometimes, it can also be found at the top of the first page of the journal’s pdf document. Not every database will provide the doi for an article. Scholarly articles will often provide the doi. Newspapers, magazines, and trade publications are less likely to have the doi. It is a good idea to copy and paste the doi to prevent errors. When you use the doi, do not include the retrieval date or the name of the database. Doi is available Abstract View: Screen shot from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete Use the document url if your instructor requires a url for the article; APA DOI guidelines do not require it, however, for subscription databases. Example: Jimenez-Jimenez, D., Valle, R. S., & Hernandez-Espallardo, M. (2008). Fostering innovation; the role of market orientation and organizational learning. European Journal of Management, 11 (3), 389. doi: 10.1108/14601060810889026 Note: Do not capitalize the word doi, and do not put a period at the end of the number. When the Doi is not available: In the next example from ProQuest, the doi is not available. Use the following format: Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database. Do not mention the date of retrieval. 6 Abstract View: ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete Database: No doi is provided Since the Doi is not given, use the name of the database Use the document url if your instructor requires a url for the article; APA, however, does not require it for subscription databases. Example: Flores, L. G., Catalanello, R. F., Rau, D., & Saxena, N. (2008). Organizational learning as a moderator of the effect of strategic planning on company performance. International Journal of Management, 25(3), 569-578. Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database. EBSCO Business Source Elite: Abstract View: DOI Provided DOI 7 The results search list in EBSCO may include the doi in the numbered list of results as in the following example. Be warned that EBSCO does not give the correct format in these examples of search results: 16. Developing Effective Leadership Skills.Full Text Available By: Kim, Chulwoo. Public Administration Review, May/Jun2009, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p547-549, 3p; DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2009.02001.x; (AN 37605735) Source: EBSCO Business Source Elite  What do I do if I cannot find the doi? If you cannot find the doi for an article found in our library databases, here is a summary of where to find the doi, or what to use when it is not available. ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database The Abstract View may have the doi. The Pdf view at top of article can have the doi, but this is not always the case. If the doi is not available, use the format: Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database. EBSCO Business Source Elite EBSCO may have the doi for an article in the abstract view. The citation in the list of search results will include the doi for the article when the doi is provided in the abstract. If the doi is not given, use the format: Retrieved from EBSCO Business Source Elite database. FACTIVA FACTIVA does not include DOIs. Use the format: Retrieved from Factiva database. LexisNexis Academic The database does not currently display DOIs. Use the format: Retrieved from LexisNexis Academic database. Gale Databases: DOIs are now being included for journal articles; when not included, use the following phrases instead of the doi: Academic OneFile- Retrieved from Academic OneFile database. Business and Company Resource Center – Retrieved from Business and Company Resource Center database. Computer Database – Retrieved from Computer database. General Business File ASAP – Retrieved from General Business File ASAP database. General Reference Center Gold – Retrieved from General Reference Center Gold database. General OneFile – Retrieved from General OneFile database.  What if I cannot find the doi, and my Instructor told me to include it? Can I look up the doi somewhere? If you cannot find the doi for an article, the CrossRef.org web site offers a doi lookup at http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/. There are 3 options available for looking up the doi. Let’s look at the first option: 1. Bibliographic Metadata Search: Search by filling in the blanks 8 Fill in the boxes with the necessary information 2. Search on Article Title: Supply the Author’s Surname and Article Title If you only know the title of an item (article, book chapter, report, working-paper ... etc.) submit them here. Supply the author to reduce the number of results. This form is a guest query interface to the CrossRef system for individual DOI retrieval. First Author meier, k. j. (surname) gender and emotional labor in public organizations: an empirical examination of the link to performanc Article Title Enable When you click sear ch , Multiple Hits the next screen displays Search the doi Journal/Volume Title Author ISSN/ISBN Volume Issue Page Year PubMedID PMCID Article Title DOI Persistent Link Public Administration Review Meier 00333352 66 6 899 2006 Gender and Emotional Labor in Public Organizations: An Empirical Examination of the Link to Performance doi:10.1111/j.1540- http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00657.x 6210.2006.00657.x 3. Automatic parsing of a normal reference (http://www.crossref.org/SimpleTextQuery/): This form allows you to retrieve Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for journal articles, books, and chapters by simply cutting and pasting the reference list into the box below. You may use the form with any reference style, although the tool works most reliably if references are formatted in a standard style such as shown in this example from the Crossref.org web page. *Note: CrossRef does not provide the correct punctuation in the example it gives us: Clow GD, McKay CP, Simmons Jr. GM, and Wharton RA, Jr. 1988. Climatological observations and predicted sublimation rates at Lake Hoare, Antarctica. Journal of Climate 1:715-728. Please separate individual references by a blank line. For best results, there should be no line breaks within an individual reference. When submitting multiple references they must be in alphabetical order or presented as a 9 numbered list. For editorial purposes, to check the accuracy of a reference click on the DOI link that is returned with the reference. Paste the citation directly into the text box shown below. Note the exact format: Example: Meier, K. J., Mastracci, S. H., & Wilson, K. (2006). Gender and emotional labor in public organizations: An empirical examination of the link to performance. Public Administration Review, 66:899-909. Paste the citation or list of citations using the format as shown; include the volume number followed by a colon and the page numbers; Otherwise, Crossref will not work. The search returns with the doi: doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00657.x for the citation: Meier, K. J., Mastracci, S. H., & Wilson, K. (2006). Gender and emotional labor in public organizations: An empirical examination of the link to performance. Public Administration Review, 66: 899-909. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00657.x (in the example, the issue number is not included, there is a colon after the volume number followed by the page numbers) Note: You will need to rewrite the last part of the citation: Public Administration Review, 66(6), 899-909. The issue number is missing in the example given above, but it should be included in your list of references.  Is there a way to double check if a doi is correct? Use the DOI Resolver Tool to verify a known doi at http://www.crossref.org/05researchers/58doi_resolver.html or consult the DOI Systems Page at http://www.doi.org/ (located at the bottom of the page). Crossref provides a page to search titles at http://www.crossref.org/titleList/. APA also has an FAQ page that may answer some of your questions at http://www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/index.aspx; also check out http://www.apastyle.org/apa-style-help.aspx. In general, include the doi when it is provided in the abstract or pdf view of the article. If no doi is provided, use the following format: Retrieved from Database Name followed by the word database. Examples: Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database. Retrieved from EBSCO Business Source Elite database.