ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Caius, Novatian, Appendix by Philip Schaff Christian Classics Ethereal Library About ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Caius, Novatian, Appendix by Philip Schaff Title: ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Caius, Novatian, Appendix URL: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf05.html Author(s): Schaff, Philip Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library Description: Originally printed in 1885, the ten-volume set, Ante-Nicene Fathers, brings together the work of early Christian thinkers. In particular, it brings together the writings of the early Church fathers prior to the fourth century Nicene Creed. These volumes are noteworthy for their inclusion of entire texts, and not simply fragments or excerpts from these great writings. The translations are fairly literal, providing both readers and scholars with a good approximation of the originals. This volume contains works by third century thinkers St. Hippolytus, St. Cyprian, Caius, and Novatian. These writings were heavily influential on the early Church, and for good reason, as they are inspirational and encouraging. These volumes also come with many useful notes, providing the reader with new levels of understanding. Overall, Ante-Nicene Fathers, or any part of it, is a welcome addition to one's reading list. Tim Perrine CCEL Staff Writer Rights: Copyright Christian Classics Ethereal Library Date Created: 2004-07-04 CCEL Subjects: All; Early Church; Proofed LC Call no: BR65 LC Subjects: Christianity Early Christian Literature. Fathers of the Church, etc. ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix Table of Contents About This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. ii Title Pages.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 1 Preface.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3 Hippolytus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 6 Title Page.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 6 Introductory Notice.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 6 The Refutation of All Heresies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 12 Book I.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 12 Contents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 12 The Proœmium.--Motives for Undertaking the Refutation; Exposure of the Ancient Mysteries; Plan of the Work; Completeness of the Refutation; Value of the Treatise to Future Ages.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 14 Thales; His Physics and Theology; Founder of Greek Astronomy.. . . . p. 16 Pythagoras; His Cosmogony; Rules of His Sect; Discoverer of Physiognomy; His Philosophy of Numbers; His System of the Transmigration of Souls; Zaratas on Demons; Why Pythagoras Forbade the Eating of Beans; The Mode of Living Adopted by His Disciples.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 17 Empedocles; His Twofold Cause; Tenet of Transmigration.. . . . . . . p. 20 Heraclitus; His Universal Dogmatism; His Theory of Flux; Other Systems.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 21 Anaximander; His Theory of the Infinite; His Astronomic Opinions; His Physics.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 22 Anaximenes; His System of “An Infinite Air;” His Views of Astronomy and Natural Phenomena.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 23 Anaxagoras; His Theory of Mind; Recognises an Efficient Cause; His Cosmogony and Astronomy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 24 Archelaus; System Akin to that of Anaxagoras; His Origin of the Earth and of Animals; Other Systems.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 25 Parmenides; His Theory of “Unity;” His Eschatology.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 26 Leucippus; His Atomic Theory.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 27 Democritus; His Duality of Principles; His Cosmogony.. . . . . . . . . . p. 27 Xenophanes; His Scepticism; His Notions of God and Nature; Believes in a Flood.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 28 Ecphantus; His Scepticism; Tenet of Infinity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 29 iii ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix Hippo; His Duality of Principles; His Psychology.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 29 Socrates; His Philosophy Reproduced by Plato.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 29 Plato; Threefold Classification of Principles; His Idea of God; Different Opinions Regarding His Theology and Psychology; His Eschatology and System of Metempsychosis; His Ethical Doctrines; Notions on the Free-Will Question.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 30 Aristotle; Duality of Principles; His Categories; His Psychology; His Ethical Doctrines; Origin of the Epithet “Peripatetic.”. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 33 The Stoics; Their Superiority in Logic; Fatalists; Their Doctrine of Conflagrations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 34 Epicurus; Adopts the Democritic Atomism; Denial of Divine Providence; The Principle of His Ethical System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 35 The Academics; Difference of Opinion Among Them.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 36 The Brachmans; Their Mode of Life; Ideas of Deity; Different Sorts Of; Their Ethical Notions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 36 The Druids; Progenitors of Their System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 38 Hesiod; The Nine Muses; The Hesiodic Cosmogony; The Ancient Speculators, Materialists; Derivative Character of the Heresies from Heathen Philosophy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 38 Book IV.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40 System of the Astrologers; Sidereal Influence; Configuration of the Stars.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40 Doctrines Concerning Æons; The Chaldean Astrology; Heresy Derivable from It.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40 The Horoscope the Foundation of Astrology; Indiscoverability of the Horoscope; Therefore the Futility of the Chaldean Art.. . . . . . . . . . p. 41 Impossibility of Fixing the Horoscope; Failure of an Attempt to Do This at the Period of Birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 43 Another Method of Fixing the Horoscope at Birth; Equally Futile; Use of the Clepsydra in Astrology; The Predictions of the Chaldeans Not Verified.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 44 Zodiacal Influence; Origin of Sidereal Names.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 46 Practical Absurdity of the Chaldaic Art; Development of the Art.. . . . . p. 46 Prodigies of the Astrologers; System of the Astronomers; Chaldean Doctrine of Circles; Distances of the Heavenly Bodies.. . . . . . . . . . p. 47 Further Astronomic Calculations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 49 Theory of Stellar Motion and Distance in Accordance with Harmony.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 49 Theory of the Size of the Heavenly Bodies in Accordance with Numerical Harmonies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 50 iv ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix Waste of Mental Energy in the Systems of the Astrologers.. . . . . . . p. 51 Mention of the Heretic Colarbasus; Alliance Between Heresy and the Pythagorean Philosophy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 51 System of the Arithmeticians; Predictions Through Calculations; Numerical Roots; Transference of These Doctrines to Letters; Examples in Particular Names; Different Methods of Calculation; Prescience Possible by These.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 52 Quibbles of the Numerical Theorists; The Art of the Frontispicists (Physiognomy); Connection of This Art with Astrology; Type of Those Born Under Aries.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 55 Type of Those Born Under Taurus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 56 Type of Those Born Under Gemini.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 57 Type of Those Born Under Cancer.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 57 Type of Those Born Under Leo.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 58 Type of Those Born Under Virgo.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 58 Type of Those Born Under Libra.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 58 Type of Those Born Under Scorpio.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 59 Type of Those Born Under Sagittarius.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 59 Type of Those Born Under Capricorn.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 59 Type of Those Born Under Aquarius.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 60 Type of Those Born Under Pisces.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 60 Futility of This Theory of Stellar Influence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 60 System of the Magicians; Incantations of Demons; Secret Magical Rites.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 61 Display of Different Eggs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 63 Self-Slaughter of Sheep.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 63 Method of Poisoning Goats.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 64 Imitations of Thunder, and Other Illusions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 64 The Burning Æsculapius; Tricks with Fire.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 65 The Illusion of the Sealed Letters; Object in Detailing These Juggleries.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 66 The Divination by a Cauldron; Illusion of Fiery Demons; Specimen of a Magical Invocation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 67 Mode of Managing an Apparition.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 68 Illusive Appearance of the Moon.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 69 Illusive Appearance of the Stars.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 Imitation of an Earthquake.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 Trick with the Liver.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 Making a Skull Speak.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70 v ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix The Fraud of the Foregoing Practices; Their Connection with Heresy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 71 Recapitulation of Theologies and Cosmogonies; System of the Persians; Of the Babylonians; The Egyptian Notion of Deity; Their Theology Based on a Theory of Numbers; Their System of Cosmogony.. . . . . . . . . p. 72 Egyptian Theory of Nature; Their Amulets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 74 Use of the Foregoing Discussions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 74 The Astrotheosophists; Aratus Imitated by the Heresiarchs; His System of the Disposition of the Stars.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 75 Opinions of the Heretics Borrowed from Aratus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 76 Invention of the Lyre; Allegorizing the Appearance and Position of the Stars; Origin of the Phœnicians; The Logos Identified by Aratus with the Constellation Canis; Influence of Canis on Fertility and Life Generally.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 77 Symbol of the Creature; And of Spirit; And of the Different Orders of Animals.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 79 Folly of Astrology.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 80 The Hebdomadarii; System of the Arithmeticians; Pressed into the Service of Heresy; Instances Of, in Simon and Valentinus; The Nature of the Universe Deducible from the Physiology of the Brain.. . . . . . . p. 80 Note.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 82 Book V.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 83 Contents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 83 Recapitulation; Characteristics of Heresy; Origin of the Name Naasseni; The System of the Naasseni.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 83 Naasseni Ascribe Their System, Through Mariamne, to James the Lord's Brother; Really Traceable to the Ancient Mysteries; Their Psychology as Given in the “Gospel According to Thomas;” Assyrian Theory of the Soul; The Systems of the Naasseni and the Assyrians Compared; Support Drawn by the Naasseni from the Phrygian and Egyptian Mysteries; The Mysteries of Isis; These Mysteries Allegorized by the Naasseni.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 85 Further Exposition of the Heresy of the Naasseni; Profess to Follow Homer; Acknowledge a Triad of Principles; Their Technical Names of the Triad; Support These on the Authority of Greek Poets; Allegorize Our Saviour's Miracles; The Mystery of the Samothracians; Why the Lord Chose Twelve Disciples; The Name Corybas, Used by Thracians and Phrygians, Explained; Naasseni Profess to Find Their System in Scripture; Their Interpretation of Jacob's Vision; Their Idea of the “Perfect Man;” The “Perfect Man” Called “Papa” By the Phrygians; The Naassenip. 93 vi ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix and Phrygians on the Resurrection; The Ecstasis of St. Paul; The Mysteries of Religion as Alluded to by Christ; Interpretation of the Parable of the Sower; Allegory of the Promised Land; Comparison of the System of the Phrygians with the Statements of Scripture; Exposition of the Meaning of the Higher and Lower Eleusinian Mysteries; The Incarnation Discoverable Here According to the Naasseni.. . . . . . . Further Use Made of the System of the Phrygians; Mode of Celebrating the Mysteries; The Mystery of the “Great Mother;” These Mysteries Have a Joint Object of Worship with the Naasseni; The Naasseni Allegorize the Scriptural Account of the Garden of Eden; The Allegory Applied to the Life of Jesus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 100 Explanation of the System of the Naasseni Taken from One of Their Hymns.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 103 The Ophites the Grand Source of Heresy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 104 The System of the Peratæ; Their Tritheism; Explanation of the Incarnation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 105 The Peratæ Derive Their System from the Astrologers; This Proved by a Statement of the Astrological Theories of the Zodiac; Hence the Terminology of the Peratic Heretics.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 106 System of the Peratæ Explained Out of One of Their Own Books.. . . . p. 109 The Peratic Heresy Nominally Different from Astrology, But Really the Same System Allegorized.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 111 Why They Call Themselves Peratæ; Their Theory of Generation Supported by an Appeal to Antiquity; Their Interpretation of the Exodus of Israel; Their System of “The Serpent;” Deduced by Them from Scripture; This the Real Import of the Doctrines of the Astrologers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 111 Compendious Statement of the Doctrines of the Peratæ.. . . . . . . . p. 114 The Peratic Heresy Not Generally Known.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 116 The System of the Sethians; Their Triad of Infinite Principles; Their Heresy Explained; Their Interpretation of the Incarnation.. . . . . . . . p. 116 The Sethians Support Their Doctrines by an Allegorical Interpretation of Scripture; Their System Really Derived from Natural Philosophers and from the Orphic Rites; Adopt the Homeric Cosmogony.. . . . . . . p. 120 The Sethian Theory Concerning “Mixture” And “Composition;” Application of It to Christ; Illustration from the Well of Ampa.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 122 The Sethian Doctrines to Be Learned from the “Paraphrase of Seth.”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 124 The System of Justinus Antiscriptural and Essentially Pagan.. . . . . p. 124 The Justinian Heresy Unfolded in the “Book of Baruch.”. . . . . . . . . p. 125 vii ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix The Cosmogony of Justinus an Allegorical Explanation of Herodotus' Legend of Hercules.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 126 Justinus' Triad of Principles; His Angelography Founded on This Triad; His Explanation of the Birth, Life, and Death of Our Lord.. . . . . . . . p. 126 Oath Used by the Justinian Heretics; The Book of Baruch; The Repertory of Their System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 131 Subsequent Heresies Deducible from the System of Justinus.. . . . . p. 133 Book VI.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 133 Contents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 133 The Ophites the Progenitors of Subsequent Heresies.. . . . . . . . . . p. 134 Simon Magus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 134 Story of Apsethus the Libyan.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135 Simon's Forced Interpretation of Scripture; Plagiarizes from Heraclitus and Aristotle; Simon's System of Sensible and Intelligible Existences.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135 Simon Appeals to Scripture in Support of His System.. . . . . . . . . . p. 137 Simon's System Expounded in the Work, Great Announcement; Follows Empedocles.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 137 Simon's System of a Threefold Emanation by Pairs.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 138 Further Progression of This Threefold Emanation; Co-Existence with the Double Triad of a Seventh Existence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 138 Simon's Interpretation of the Mosaic Hexaëmeron; His Allegorical Representation of Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 139 Simon's Explanation of the First Two Books of Moses.. . . . . . . . . . p. 141 Simon's Explanation of the Three Last Books of the Pentateuch.. . . . p. 141 Fire a Primal Principle, According to Simon.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 142 His Doctrine of Emanation Further Expanded.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 143 Simon Interprets His System by the Mythological Representation of Helen of Troy; Gives an Account of Himself in Connection with the Trojan Heroine; Immorality of His Followers; Simon's View of Christ; The Simonists' Apology for Their Vice.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 144 Simon's Disciples Adopt the Mysteries; Simon Meets St. Peter at Rome; Account of Simon's Closing Years.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 146 Heresy of Valentinus; Derived from Plato and Pythagoras.. . . . . . . p. 147 Origin of the Greek Philosophy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 148 Pythagoras' System of Numbers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 149 Pythagoras' Duality of Substances; His “Categories.”. . . . . . . . . . . p. 150 Pythagoras' Cosmogony; Similar to that of Empedocles.. . . . . . . . . p. 150 Other Opinions of Pythagoras.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 151 The “Sayings” Of Pythagoras.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 152 viii ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix Pythagoras' Astronomic System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 153 Valentinus Convicted of Plagiarisms from the Platonic and Pythagoric Philosophy; The Valentinian Theory of Emanation by Duads.. . . . . . p. 154 The Tenet of the Duad Made the Foundation of Valentinus' System of the Emanation of Æons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 156 Valentinus' Explanation of the Existence of Christ and the Spirit.. . . . . p. 158 Valentinus' Explanation of the Existence of Jesus; Power of Jesus Over Humanity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 159 The Valentinian Origin of the Creation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 161 The Other Valentinian Emanations in Conformity with the Pythagorean System of Numbers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 161 Valentinus' Explanation of the Birth of Jesus; Twofold Doctrine on the Nature of Jesus' Body; Opinion of the Italians, that Is, Heracleon and Ptolemæus; Opinion of the Orientals, that Is, Axionicus and Bardesanes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 163 Further Doctrines of Valentinus Respecting the Æons; Reasons for the Incarnation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 164 Valentinus Convicted of Plagiarisms from Plato.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 165 Secundus' System of Æons; Epiphanes; Ptolemæus.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 166 System of Marcus; A Mere Impostor; His Wicked Devices Upon the Eucharistic Cup.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 168 Further Acts of Jugglery on the Part of Marcus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 168 The Heretical Practices of the Marcites in Regard of Baptism.. . . . . p. 169 Marcus' System Explained by Irenæus; Marcus' Vision; The Vision of Valentinus Revealing to Him His System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 170 Marcus' System of Letters.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 172 The Quaternion Exhibits “Truth.”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 172 The Name of Christ Jesus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 173 Marcus' Mystic Interpretation of the Alphabet.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 173 His System Applied to Explain Our Lord's Life and Death.. . . . . . . . p. 175 Letters, Symbols of the Heavens.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 176 Respecting the Generation of the Twenty-Four Letters.. . . . . . . . . . p. 177 Why Jesus is Called Alpha.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 178 Marcus' Account of the Birth and Life of Our Lord.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 178 The System of Marcus Shown to Be that of Pythagoras, by Quotations from the Writings of Marcus' Followers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 179 Their Cosmogony Framed According to These Mystic Doctrines of Letters.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 181 The Work of the Demiurge Perishable.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 182 Marcus and Colarbasus Refuted by Irenæus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 182 ix ANF05. Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Philip Schaff Caius, Novatian, Appendix Book VII.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 183 Contents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 183 Heresy Compared to (1) the Stormy Ocean, (2) the Rocks of the Sirens; Moral from Ulysses and the Sirens.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 184 The System of Basilides Derived from Aristotle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 185 Sketch of Aristotle's Philosophy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 185 Aristotle's General Idea.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 186 Nonentity as a Cause.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 186 Substance, According to Aristotle; The Predicates.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 186 Aristotle's Cosmogony; His “Psychology;” His “Entelecheia;” His Theology; His Ethics; Basilides Follows Aristotle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 187 Basilides and Isidorus Allege Apostolic Sanction for Their Systems; They Really Follow Aristotle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 189 Basilides Adopts the Aristotelian Doctrine of “Nonentity.”. . . . . . . . . p. 190 Origin of the World; Basilides' Account of the “Sonship.”. . . . . . . . . p. 190 The “Great Archon” Of Basilides.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 193 Basilides Adopts the “Entelecheia” Of Aristotle.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 194 Further Explanation of the “Sonship.”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 195 Whence Came the Gospel; The Number of Heavens According to Basilides; Explanation of Christ's Miraculous Conception.. . . . . . . . p. 196 God's Dealings with the Creature; Basilides' Notion of (1) the Inner Man, (2) the Gospel; His Interpretation of the Life and Sufferings of Our Lord.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 198 The System of Saturnilus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 200 Marcion; His Dualism; Derives His System from Empedocles; Sketch of the Doctrine of Empedocles.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 201 Source of Marcionism; Empedocles Reasserted as the Suggester of the Heresy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 205 The Heresy of Prepon; Follows Empedocles; Marcion Rejects the Generation of the Saviour.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 206 The Heresy of Carpocrates; Wicked Doctrines Concerning Jesus Christ; Practise Magical Arts; Adopt a Metempsychosis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 208 The System of Cerinthus Concerning Christ.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 209 Doctrine of the Ebionæans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 210 The Heresy of Theodotus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 210 The Melchisedecians; The Nicolaitans.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 211 The Heresy of Cerdon.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 212 The Doctrines of Apelles; Philumene, His Prophetess.. . . . . . . . . . p. 212 Book VIII.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 213 Contents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 213 x