Index of Issues: July, pp. 1-280; August, pp. 281-572; September, pp. 573-820; October, pp. 821-1049; November, pp. 1051-1310; December, pp. 1311-1543. SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Entries from JOURNAL departments are identified as follows: Case Reports—(CR), Clinical Investigations—(CD; Clinical Concepts and Commentary— (CCC), Correspondence—(CO), Editorial Views—(EV); Educational Material—(EM), Laboratory Investigations—(LD; Laboratory Reports—(LR); Medical Intelli- gence Article—(MD; Practical Guidelines—(PG); Reports of Scientific Meetings—(SM); Review Article—(RA); Special Article—(SA); Web Site—(WS). interaction of protamine with a- and B-adrenoceptor stimulations in rat myocardium (LI) [David et al.], 1226 phenylephrine added to prophylactic ephedrine infusion during Acetylcholine and acetylcholine receptors spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section (CI) [Mercier nonhalogenated alkane anesthetics fail to potentiate agonist actions et al.], 668 on two ligand-gated ion channels (LD [Raines et al.], 470 role of endothelium in the action of isoflurane on vascular muscle of spinal endogenous acetylcholine contributes to the analgesic effec isolated mesenteric resistance arteries (LI [Izumi et al.], 990 of systemic morphine in rats (LI [Chen and Pan], 525 sedative but not analgesic a@, agonist tolerance is blocked by NMDA Acid-base equilibrium receptor and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors (LI [Davies et is chloride or dilution of bicarbonate the cause of metabolic acidosis al.], 184 from fluid administration? (CO) [Mathes], 809 Adult respiratory distress syndrome. See Acute respiratory dis- mild alkalinization and acidification differentially modify the effects tress syndrome of lidocaine or mexiletine on vasorelaxation mediated by Advance directives ATP-sensitive K° channels (LD [Kinoshita et al.], 200 a randomized, controlled trial of advance care planning discussions what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Bellomo during preoperative evaluations (CI) |Grimaldo et al.|, 43 and Liskaser], 810 Aging and age factors what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Rehm and increased sensitivity to depolarizing and nondepolarizing neuromus- Finsterer], 811 cular blocking agents in young rat hemidiaphragms (LI [For- what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Roth], 810 tier et al.], 478 what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Waters], inflammatory pain and hypersensitivity are selectively reversed by 812 epidural bupivacaine and are developmentally regulated (LI Acidosis. See Acid-base equilibrium {Howard et al.], 421 Action potentials minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anesthetics in rats during effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia with and without autonomic postnatal maturation (LI [Orliaguet et al.], 734 nervous system blockade on cardiac monophasic action po- Air embolism tentials and effective refractoriness in awake dogs (LI) |M eiss- methodological remarks on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography ner et al.], 132 for PFO detection (CO) [Kampen et al.], 808 halothane inhibits contraction and action potential duration to a venous air embolism during endoscopic strip craniectomy for repair greater extent in subendocardial than subepicardial myocytes of craniosynostosis in infants (CI) [Tobias et al.], 340 from the rat left ventricle (LID [Rithalia et al.], 1213 Airway epithelium Acupuncture adenoviral vector transfection into the pulmonary epithelium after preoperative intradermal acupuncture reduces postoperative pain, cecal ligation and puncture in rats (LI) [Weiss et al.|, 974 nausea and vomiting, analgesic requirement, and sympathoa- Airway management. See a/so Intubation drenal responses (CI) [Kotani et al.], 349 airway bleeding in negative-pressure pulmonary edema (CO) [Mc- Acute respiratory distress syndrome Conkey], 272 effects of inverse ratio ventilation versus positive end-expiratory another view of the “sniffing position” (CO) [Weinberg], 1044 pressure on gas exchange and gastric intramucosal Pco, and Combitube and similar devices should undergo long-term safety pH under constant mean airway pressure in acute respiratory evaluation before their routine use in clinical practice (CO) distress syndrome (CI) |Huang et al.}, 1182 {Mandal}, 1041 effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon on pulmonary blood flow and from control of airway and breathing to cardiopulmonary-cerebral ventilation-perfusion distribution in a model of acute respira- resuscitation (CPR) [Safar], 789 tory distress syndrome (LI) [Hubler et al.], 1414 difficult laryngoscopy due to abnormal palatoglossal arch (CO) [Sug- successful use of combined high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, iyama et al.], 1540 inhaled nitric oxide, and prone positioning in the acute re- foreign body aspiration: a presenting sign of juvenile myasthenia spiratory distress syndrome (CR) [Varkul et al.], 797 gravis (CR) [Murray and McAllister], 555 Addiction. See Drug abuse, addiction, and withdrawal gel lubrication of the tracheal tube cuff reduces pulmonary aspira- Adenosine tion (CI) [Blunt et al.], 377 allosteric adenosine modulation to reduce allodynia (LI) [Pan et al.], lighted stylet intubation in the presence of cricoid pressure (CO) 416 [Davis and Cook-Sather], 1304 morphine-induced spinal release of adenosine is reduced in neuro- mask induction with sevoflurane in a parturient with severe tracheal pathic rats (LD |Sandner-Kiesling et al.], 1455 stenosis (CR) [Ratner et al.], 553 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) misuse of a condom (CO) [Brownlow], 1300 anesthetic effects of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K channel (LD new technique of fiberoptic intubation through a standard LMA [Kohro et al.], 1435 (CO) [Benumof], 1541 mild alkalinization and acidification differentially modify the effects pharyngeal function and airway protection during subhypnotic con- of lidocaine or mexiletine on vasorelaxation mediated by centrations of propofol, isoflurane, and sevoflurane: volun- ATP-sensitive K° channels (LD [Kinoshita et al.], 200 teers examined by pharyngeal videoradiography and simulta- Adrenergic agents and receptors neous manometry (CI) [Sundman et al.], 1125 attenuation of lung inflammation by adrenergic agonists in murine reevaluating the “cornerstone of training in anesthesiology” (CO) acute lung injury (LD [Dhingra et al.], 947 {Candido et al.], 1043 comparison of metaraminol and ephedrine infusions for maintaining risk factors for perioperative adverse respiratory events in children arterial pressure during spinal anesthesia for elective cesar- with upper respiratory tract infections (CI) [Tait et al.], 299 ean section (CI) [Ngan Kee et al.], 307 the “sniffing position” facilitates tracheal intubation (CO) [Sosis], effects of clonidine on lidocaine clearance in vivo: a microdialysis 1042 study in humans (CI) [Kopacz et al.], 1371 the “sniffing position” is not an anatomic myth (CO) [Froelich], 1044 Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Airway management—Aortic aneurysm unventilated airway is time-dependently constricted in paralyzed relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies dogs (LI) [Hirota et al.], 1480 (CD) [Dietrich et al.], 64 use of the intubating LMA-Fastrach'™ in 254 patients with difficult- anaphylaxis due to airborne exposure to latex in a primigravida (CR) to-manage airways (CD [iverson et al.], 1175 {Eckhout and Ayad], 1034 you can smell the difference (CO) [Adnet], 1045 Anatomy you can smell the difference (CO) [Lee], 1045 another view of the “sniffing position” (CO) [Weinberg], 1044 Albumin common practice and concepts in anesthesia: time for reassessment: changes in blood volume and hematocrit during acute preoperative is the sniffing position a “gold standard” for laryngoscopy? volume loading with 5% albumin or 6% hetastarch solutions (EV) [Isono], 825 in patients before radical hysterectomy (CI) [Rehm et al.], difficult laryngoscopy due to abnormal palatoglossal arch (CO) [Sug- 849 iyama et al.], 1540 Alfentanil pharyngeal function and airway protection during subhypnotic con- comparison of five experimental pain tests to measure analgesic centrations of propofol, isoflurane, and sevoflurane: volun- effects of alfentanil (CD [Luginbihl et al.], 22 teers examined by pharyngeal videoradiography and simulta- anew model of electrically evoked pain and hyperalgesia in human neous manometry (CI) [Sundman et al.], 1125 skin: the effects of intravenous alfentanil, S(4 }-ketamine, and reevaluating the “cornerstone of training in anesthesiology” (CO) lidocaine (CI) [Koppert et al.], 395 {Candido et al.], 1043 Allergy and histamine the “sniffing position” facilitates tracheal intubation (CO) [Sosis], anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery: 1042 relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies the “sniffing position” is not an anatomic myth (CO) [Froelich], 1044 (CD [Dietrich et al.], 64 you can smell the difference (CO) [Adnet], 1045 anaphylaxis due to airborne exposure to latex in a primigravida (CR) you can smell the difference (CO) [Lee], 1045 {Eckhout and Ayad], 1034 Anesthesia machines and circuits different patterns of mast cell activation by muscle relaxants in acute failure of oxygen delivery (CO) [Ong et al.], 1038 human skin (CD [Koppert et al.], 659 carbon monoxide production from desflurane, enflurane, halothane, Alpha-2 adrenergic agents. See Adrenergic agents and receptors isoflurane, and sevoflurane with dry soda lime (LD [Wissing et Ambulatory care al.], 1205 ropivacaine 0.2% and lidocaine 0.5% for intravenous regional anes- Draeger Narkomed 6000 poses patient safety risks (CO) [Feldman], thesia in outpatient surgery (CD [Atanassoff et al.], 627 567 American Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists Draeger Narkomed 6000 poses patient safety risks (CO) [Gross], 567 adaptive support ventilation (ASV) for fast tracheal extubation after only carbon dioxide absorbents free of both NaOH and KOH do not cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study (CI) [Sulzer et generate compound A during in vitro closed-system sevoflu- al.], 1339 rane: evaluation of five absorbents (LI) [Versichelen et al.], the anesthesiologist in critical care medicine: past, present, and 750 future (SA) [Hanson et al.], 781 ventilator failure during use of a new anesthesia machine (CO) cardiorespiratory effects of automatic tube compensation during {Barahal and Sims], 568 airway pressure release ventilation in patients with acute lung ventilator failure during use of a new anesthesia machine (CO) injury (CI) [Wrigge et al.], 382 [Feldman and Smith], 569 continuous venovenous hemofiltration improves arterial oxygen- Anesthesiologists ation in endotoxin-induced lung injury in pigs (LI) [Ullrich et the anesthesiologist in critical care medicine: past, present, and al.], 428 future (SA) [Hanson et al.], 781 distribution of the probability of survival is a strategic issue for Anticholinesterases randomized trials in critically ill patients (CT [Riou et al.], 56 antiallodynic effect of intrathecal neostigmine is mediated by spinal does early preload adaptation exist in patients with septic shock? (CO) [Bendjelid et al.], 1535 nitric oxide in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain (LI {Chen et al.], 1007 in vitro effects of fluoride on pseudocho- a double-blind, randomized comparison of ITV lorazepam versus midazolam for sedation of ICU patients via a pharmacologic linesterase activity and the metabolism of the cis-trans and model (CI) [Barr et al.], 286 trans-trans isomers of mivacurium (LR) [Wiesner et al.], 806 effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon on pulmonary blood flow and Anticoagulation ventilation-perfusion distribution in a model of acute respira- epidural hematoma after epidural steroid injection: a possible asso- tory distress syndrome (LI) [Hubler et al.], 1414 ciation with use of pentosan polysulfate sodium (CO) [Sid- internal jugular vein occlusion test for rapid diagnosis of misplaced diqui et al.], 1307 subclavian vein catheter into the internal jugular vein (CI) spinal-epidural hematoma following epidural anesthesia in the pres- {Ambesh et al.], 1377 ence of antiplatelet and heparin therapy (CR) [Litz et al.], pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and ICU sedation: un- 1031 explored territories (EV) [Bailey], 281 Antidepressants propofol dosing regimens for ICU sedation based upon an integrated severe, refractory hypotension during anesthesia in a patient on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model (CD [Barr et al.], chronic clomipramine therapy (CR) [Malan et al.]. 264 324 Antiemetics. See Nausea, vomiting, and antiemetics successful use of combined high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, Antinociception inhaled nitric oxide, and prone positioning in the acute re- cervico-medullary intrathecal injection of morphine produces an- spiratory distress syndrome (CR) [Varkul et al.], 797 tinociception in the orofacial formalin test in the rat (LD Aminocaproic acid [Grabow et al.], 1427 two cases of fatal thrombosis after aminocaproic acid therapy and Aortic aneurysm deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CR) [Fanshawe et al.], double-masked randomized trial comparing alternate combinations 1525 of intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in Amrinone abdominal aortic surgery (CI) [Norris et al.], 1054 possible involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-indepen- paraplegia immediately following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid dent mechanism in the positive chronotropic effect of nor- drainage catheter in a patient after thoracoabdominal aortic epinephrine in the isolated guinea pig right atrium (LD [Asada aneurysm surgery (CR) [Heller and Chaney], 1285 and Endou], 437 reversal of acute paraplegia with cerebrospinal fluid drainage after Anaphylaxis endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair (CR) [Ortiz- anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery: Gomez et al.], 1288 Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 1550 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Apoptosis—Brain function and disease Apoptosis dose-dependent enhancement of in vivo GABA,-benzodiazepine re- inhalation anesthetics induce apoptosis in normal peripheral lym- ceptor binding by isoflurane (CI) [Gyulai et al.], 585 phocytes in vitro (LI [Matsuoka et al.|, 1467 a double-blind, randomized comparison of IV lorazepam versus Aprotinin midazolam for sedation of ICU patients via a pharmacologic anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery model (CI) [Barr et al.|, 286 relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies Bernard, Claude (CI) [Dietrich et al.], 64 Claude Bernard, spinal cord and anesthesia (CO) [Plourde], 1542 the effect of aprotinin on thromboelastography with three different Bicarbonate activators (CI) [Avidan et al.j, 1169 is chloride or dilution of bicarbonate the cause of metabolic acidosis ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome). See Acute respira- from fluid administration? (CO) [Mathes], 809 tory distress syndrome Bispectral index Arrhythmias. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias automated anesthesia: fact or fantasy? (EV) [Glass and Rampil], | Aspiration bispectral index monitoring during sedation with sevoflurane, mida- foreign body aspiration: a presenting sign of juvenile myasthenia zolam, and propofol (CI) [Ibrahim et al.], 1151 gravis (CR) [Murray and McAllister], 555 comparison of closed-loop controlled administration of propofol gel lubrication of the tracheal tube cuff reduces pulmonary aspira- using bispectral index as the controlled variable versus “stan- tion (CD [Blunt et al.], 377 dard practice” controlled administration (CD [Struys et al.], 6 Assessment, preoperative. See Preoperative assessment and care sedation caused by local anesthetic blockade (CO) [Fry], 271 Asthma and bronchospasm Blood—brain barrier effects of halothane on sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release chan- calculation of the permeability coefficient should take into account nels in porcine airway smooth muscle celis (LD [Pabelick et the fact that most drugs are weak electrolytes (CO) |Grouls et al.], 207 al.|, 1300 effects of rapacuronium on respiratory function during general an- effects of mild hypothermia on blood-brain barrier disruption during esthesia: a comparison with cis-atracurium (CI) [Tobias et isoflurane or pentobarbital anesthesia (LD [Chi et al.], 933 al.], 908 Blood coagulation unventilated airway is time-dependently constricted in paralyzed activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during coronary surgery dogs (LI) [Hirota et al.], 1480 on-pump versus off-pump techniques (CI) [Casati et al.}, Atracurium 1103 concentration-effect relationship of cisatracurium at three different anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery dose levels in the anesthetized patients (CD [Bergeron et al. 314 relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies effects of rapacuronium on respiratory function during general an- (CI) [Dietrich et al.], 64 esthesia: a comparison with cis-atracurium (CI) [Tobias et the effect of aprotinin on thromboelastography with three different al.|, 908 activators (CIT) [Avidan et al.], 1169 Hofmann, Schmofmann: atracurium undergoes Michael elimination failure of autologous fresh frozen plasma to reduce blood loss and (CO) [Alston], 273 transfusion requirements in coronary artery bypass surgery Atrial natriuretic factor (CD |Kasper et al.], 81 role of the atrial natriuretic factor in obstetric spinal hypotension protamine-induced cardiotoxicity is prevented by anti-TNF antibod- (CI) [Frélich], 371 ies and heparin (LI) [Pevni et al.}, 1389 Autonomic nervous system roles of carbon monoxide in leukocyte and platelet dynamics in rat effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia with and without autonomic mesentery during sevoflurane anesthesia (LD |Morisaki et al.], nervous system blockade on cardiac monophasic action po 192 tentials and effective refractoriness in awake dogs (LD |M eiss- sevoflurane inhibits unstimulated and agonist-induced platelet anti- ner et al.], 132 gen expression and platelet function in whole blood in vitro Awareness. See Behavior, memory, and awareness (LD [Horn et al.], 1220 spinal-epidural hematoma following epidural anesthesia in the pres- B ence of antiplatelet and heparin therapy (CR) [Litz et al.], 1031 two cases of fatal thrombosis after aminocaproic acid therapy and Barbiturates deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CR) [Fanshawe et al.] effects of mild hypothermia on blood-brain barrier disruption during 1525 isoflurane or pentobarbital anesthesia (LI) [Chi et al.], 933 Blood patch precipitation of thiopental by rapacuronium (CO) [Schmidt et al.], effectiveness of epidural blood patch in the management of post- 273 dural puncture headache (CI) [Safa-Tisseront et al.], 334 Baroreflexes Blood pressure. See a/so Hypotension moderate hypothermia depresses arterial baroreflex control of heart comparison of metaraminol and ephedrine infusions for maintaining rate during, and delays its recovery after, general anesthesia in humans (CD [Tanaka et al.], 51 arterial pressure during spinal anesthesia for elective cesar- Behavior, memory, and awareness ean section (CI) [Ngan Kee et al.], 307 auditory evoked potential index predicts the depth of sedation and Blood transfusions movement in response to skin incision during sevoflurane failure of autologous fresh frozen plasma to reduce blood loss and anesthesia (CI) [Kurita et al.], 364 transfusion requirements in Coronary artery bypass surgery cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dys- (CD [Kasper et al.], 81 function in the rat (LI) [Mackensen et al.], 1485 Blood volume drug-induced amnesia is a separate phenomenon from sedation changes in blood volume and hematocrit during acute preoperative electrophysiologic evidence (CI) [Veselis et al.], 896 volume loading with 5% albumin or 6% hetastarch solutions lesions of the basolateral amygdala complex block propofol-induced in patients before radical hysterectomy (CI) [Rehm et al.], amnesia for inhibitory avoidance learning in rats (LD [Alkire 849 et al.], 708 Brain death wavelet analysis of middle latency auditory evoked responses: cal- extremely prolonged vecuronium clearance in a brain death case culation of an index for detection of awareness during propo- (CR) [Kainuma et al.], 1023 fol administration (CI) |Kochs et al.], 1141 Brain function and disease Benzodiazepines and antagonists cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dys- bispectral index monitoring during sedation with sevoflurane, mida- function in the rat (LD [Mackensen et al.], 1485 zolam, and propofol (CI) [Ibrahim et al.], 1151 lesions of the basolateral amygdala complex block propofol-induced Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Brain function and disease—Cardiopulmonary bypass amnesia for inhibitory avoidance learning in rats (LD [Alkire viscosity in conscious blood-exchanged rats (LID) [Lenz et al.}, et al.], 708 108 neuroprotective effect of low-dose lidocaine in a rat model of tran a leak in a capnography sampling line induced a difference between sient focal cerebral ischemia (LD [Lei et al.], 445 arterial and end-tidal CO, (CO) [Horishita and Minami], 815 Bronchospasm. See Asthma and bronchospasm only carbon dioxide absorbents free of both NaOH and KOH do not Buchanan, Thomas Drysdale generate compound A during 7 vitro closed-system sevoflu- Thomas Drysdale Buchanan or Henry Isaiah Dorr: give credit to both rane: evaluation of five absorbents (LID [Versichelen et al.], (CO) [Wetchler], 271 750 Bupivacaine Carbon monoxide bowel and bladder dysfunction after spinal bupivacaine (CO) |Mard carbon monoxide production from desflurane, enflurane, halothane, irosoff and Dumont], 1306 isoflurane, and sevoflurane with dry soda lime (LD [Wissing et drug-induced liver disease during continuous epidural block with al.], 1205 bupivacaine (CR) [Yokoyama et al.], 259 roles of carbon monoxide in leukocyte and platelet dynamics in rat effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine on) high-voltage-activated mesentery during sevoflurane anesthesia (LD | Morisaki et al.], calcium currents of the dorsal horn neurons in newborn rats 192 (LI) [Liu et al.], 139 Cardiac arrest. See Heart function and disease inflammatory pain and hypersensitivity are sclectively reversed by ‘ardiac arrhythmias. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias epidural bupivacaine and are developmentally regulated (LD ‘ardiac output |Howard et al.], 421 sequential compression devices can Cause erroneous Cardiac output influence of voltage-sensitive Ca channel drugs on bupivacaine measurements (CR) [Akinci et al.}, 1027 infiltration anesthesia in mice (LID [Smith et al.|, 1189 Cardiac surgery. See also Cardiovascular anesthesia pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine after continuous epidural infusion activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during coronary surgery in infants with and without biliary atresia (Cl) [Meunier et on-pump versus off-pump techniques (Cl) {Casati et al.}, al.|, 87 1103 systemic toxicity of levobupivacaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine adaptive support ventilation (ASV) for fast tracheal extubation after during continuous intravenous infusion to nonpregnant and cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study (CID) [Sulzer et pregnant ewes (LI) [Santos and DeArmas], 1256 al.], 1339 anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery: relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies (CD [Dietrich et al.], 64 cardiac and neurologic complications identify risks for mortality for both men and women undergoing coronary artery bypass Calcium and calcium channeis. See a/so Ions and ion channels graft surgery (CI) [Hogue et al.], 1074 autosomal dominant canine malignant hyperthermia is caused by a changes in plasma creatinine concentration after cardiac anesthesia mutation in the gene encoding the skeletal muscle calcium with isoflurane, propofol, or sevoflurane: a randomized clin- release Channel (RYR1) (LD [Roberts et al.], 716 ical trial (CI) [Story et al.], 842 differential modulation of the cardiac L- and T-type calcium channel effect of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation on respi- currents by isoflurane (LID [Camara et al.], 515 ratory workload in infants after cardiac surgery (CD [Imanaka effect of volatile anesthetics on the force-frequency relation in hu et al.], 881 man ventricular myocardium: the role of the sarcoplasmic failure of autologous fresh frozen plasma to reduce blood loss and reticulum calcium-release Channel (CI) (Schotten et al.|, 1160 transfusion requirements in coronary artery bypass surgery effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine on high-voltage-activated (CD [Kasper et al.], 81 calcium currents of the dorsal horn neurons in newborn rats Newman, Harrison, with Stump, Smith, and Taylor (eds), The Brain (LI) [Liu et al], 139 effects of halothane on sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release chan and Cardiac Surgery (EM) |Butterworth], 817 nels in porcine airway smooth muscle cells (LD [Pabelick et off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with Cl ester- al.|, 207 ase inhibitor deficiency (CR) [Bainbridge et al.], 795 effects of the anesthetic gases xenon, halothane, and isoflurane on relation between quality of recovery in hospital and quality of life at calcium and potassium currents in human atrial cardiomyo 3 months after cardiac surgery (CI) [Myles et al.], 862 cytes (LI |Huneke et al.], 999 use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography to predict influence of voltage-sensitive Ca channel drugs on bupivacaine atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CD infiltration anesthesia in mice (LI) [Smith et al.| 189 |Shore-Lesserson et al.], 652 mechanisms of direct inhibitory action of ketamine on vascular Cardiomyocytes smooth muscle in mesenteric resistance arteries (LD |Akata et effects of the anesthetic gases xenon, halothane, and isoflurane on al.], 452 calcium and potassium currents in human atrial cardiomyo- mechanisms of direct inhibitory action of propofol on uterine cytes (LD [Huneke et al.|, 999 smooth muscle contraction in pregnant rats (LI) [Tsujiguchi halothane inhibits contraction and action potential duration to a et al.], 1245 greater extent in subendocardial than subepicardial myocytes pain models display differential sensitivity to Ca**-permeable non- from the rat left ventricle (LI) [Rithalia et al.], 1213 NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist(sLD [Sorkin et al.|, 965 lidocaine and mexiletine inhibit mitochondrial oxidation in rat ven- propofol attenuates capacitative calcium entry in pulmonary artery tricular myocytes (LD [Tsutsumi et al.], 766 smooth muscle cells (LD [Horibe et al.], 681 Cardioprotection rapid endotoxin-induced alterations in myocardial calcium handling protamine-induced cardiotoxicity is prevented by anti-TNF antibod- obligatory role of cardiac TNF-alpha (LD [Stamm et al.], 1396 ies and heparin (LD [Pevni et al.], 1389 ‘apnography Cardiopulmonary bypass capnography.com (WS) |Cusick], 1049 activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during coronary surgery: a leak in a capnography sampling line induced a difference between on-pump versus off-pump techniques (Cf) [Casati et al.], arterial and end-tidal CO, (CO) [Horishita and Minami], 815 1103 arbon dioxide (CO,) brain expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) messenger- capnography.com (WS) |Cusick], 1049 RNA (mRNA) in rats undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (LD cerebral blood volume (CBV) in humans during normo- and hypo- {Hindman et al.], 1380 capnia: influence of nitrous oxide (N,O) (CD [Reinstrup et cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dys- al.], 1079 function in the rat (LD [Mackensen et al.|, 1485 lack of hypercapnic increase in cerebral blood flow at high blood changes in plasma creatinine concentration after cardiac anesthesia Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Cardiopulmonary bypass—Chemistry with isoflurane, propofol, or sevoflurane: a randomized clin Catheterization, venous ical trial (CI) [Story et al.], 842 clinical experience of percutaneous femoral venous catheterization prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic in critically ill preterm infants less than 1,000 grams (CD cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary [Chen], 637 artery bypass graft surgery (CID [Grigore et al.], 1110 internal jugular vein occlusion test for rapid diagnosis of misplaced relation between quality of recovery in hospital and quality of life at subclavian vein catheter into the internal jugular vein (CID 34 months after cardiac surgery (CI) |Myles et al.|, 862 {[Ambesh et al.], 1377 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation ‘auda equina syndrome from control of airway and breathing to cardiopulmonary-cerebral cauda equina syndrome after spinal tetracaine: electromyographic resuscitation (CPR) [Safar], 789 evaluation—20 years follow-up (CR) [Vianna et al.], 1290 successful resuscitation of a child after exsanguination due to aor ‘ausalgia. See Pain (sympathetic or causalgic) toesophageal fistula from undiagnosed foreign body (CR) ‘ell and tissue culture {Stuth et al.], 1025 direct neurotoxicity of tetracaine on growth cones and neurites of Cardiovascular anesthesia. See a/so Cardiac surgery growing neurons in vitro (LD [Saito et al.}|, 726 activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during coronary surgery effects of volatile anesthetics on N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity on-pump versus off-pump techniques (CIT) [Casati et al.] in primary rat neuronal-glial cultures (LI) [Kudo et al.|, 756 1104 lidocaine and mexiletine inhibit mitochondrial oxidation in rat ven- adaptive support ventilation (ASV) for fast tracheal extubation after tricular myocytes (LI [Tsutsumi et al.|, 766 cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study (CD [Sulzer et low-concentration lidocaine rapidly inhibits axonal transport in cul- al.], 1339 tured mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons (LD [Kanai et al. |, anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery 675 relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies Central venous catheter. See Catheterization, central venous (CD [Dietrich et al.], 64 Cerebral blood flow cardiac and neurologic complications identify risks for mortality for cerebral blood volume (CBV) in humans during normo- and hypo- both men and women undergoing coronary artery bypass capnia: influence of nitrous oxide (N,O) (CI) [Reinstrup et graft surgery (CI) [Hogue et al.], 1074 al.], 1079 changes in plasma creatinine concentration after cardiac anesthesia lack of hypercapnic increase in cerebral blood flow at high blood with isoflurane, propofol, or sevoflurane: a randomized clin- viscosity in conscious blood-exchanged rats (LI) [Lenz et al.], ical trial (CI) [Story et al.], 842 108 current practice patterns for adult perioperative transesophageal Cerebral edema echocardiography in the United States (SA) [Morewood et effects of mild hypothermia on blood-brain barrier disruption during al.|, 1507 isoflurane or pentobarbital anesthesia (LI [Chi et al.], 933 the effect of aprotinin on thromboelastography with three different Cerebral ischemia/anoxia activators (CI) |Avidan et al.], 1169 desflurane confers neurologic protection for deep hypothermic cir- effect of synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation on respi- culatory arrest in newborn pigs (LI) [Kurth et al.], 959 ratory workload in infants after cardiac surgery (CD |Imanaka effects of volatile anesthetics on N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity et al.], 881 in primary rat neuronal-glial cultures (LD) [Kudo et al.|, 756 failure of autologous fresh frozen plasma to reduce blood loss and neuroprotective effect of low-dose lidocaine in a rat model of tran- transfusion requirements in coronary artery bypass surgery sient focal cerebral ischemia (LI [Lei et al.], 445 (CI) [Kasper et al.|, 81 prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with Cl ester cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary ase inhibitor deficiency (CR) [Bainbridge et al.|, 795 artery bypass graft surgery (CI) [Grigore et al.], 1110 prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic Cerebral perfusion pressure cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CI) [Grigore et al.|, 1110 management of cerebral perfusion pressure after traumatic brain use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography to predict injury (CCC) [Robertson], 1513 atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CD Cerebral protection. See Neuroprotection [Shore-Lesserson et al.|], 652 Cerebrospinal fluid Cardiovascular function and disez See Heart function and paraplegia immediately following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid disease drainage catheter in a patient after thoracoabdominal aortic Catecholamines aneurysm surgery (CR) [Heller and Chaney], 1285 hemodynamic and catecholamine response to laryngoscopy and reversal of acute paraplegia with cerebrospinal fluid drainage after tracheal intubation in patients with complete spinal cord endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair (CR) [Ortiz- injuries (CI) [Yoo et al.], 647 Gomez et al.], 1288 possible involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-indepen- Cesarean delivery. See also Obstetric anesthesia dent mechanism in the positive chronotropic effect of nor anesthesia for cesarean delivery in a patient with an undiagnosed epinephrine in the isolated guinea pig right atrium (LD [Asada traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (CR) [Dietrich and Smith] and Endou], 437 1028 Catheterization, central venous comparison of metaraminol and ephedrine infusions for maintaining clinical experience of percutaneous femoral venous catheterization arterial pressure during spinal anesthesia for elective cesar- in critically ill preterm infants less than 1,000 grams (CI) ean section (CI) [Ngan Kee et al.], 307 [Chen], 637 phenylephrine added to prophylactic ephedrine infusion during complete heart block during anesthetic management in a patient spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section (CI [Mercier with mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (CR) [Toda et al.], 1035 et al.], 668 internal jugular vein occlusion test for rapid diagnosis of misplaced sickle cell-induced peripheral neuropathy following spinal anesthe- subclavian vein catheter into the internal jugular vein (CI) sia for cesarean delivery (CR) [Tsen and Cherayil], 1298 {Ambesh et al.], 1377 spinal ropivacaine for cesarean section: a dose finding study (CI Catheterization, spinal [Khaw et al.], 1346 paraplegia immediately following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid Chemistry drainage catheter in a patient after thoracoabdominal aortic characterization of thioether compounds formed from alkaline deg- aneurysm surgery (CR) [Heller and Chaney], 1285 radation products of enflurane (LD [Orhan et al.], 165 reversal of acute paraplegia with cerebrospinal fluid drainage after Hofmann, Schmofmann: atracurium undergoes Michael elimination endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair (CR) [Ortiz- (CO) [Alston], 273 Gomez et al.], 1288 nonanesthetics (nonimmobilizers) and anesthetics display different Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Chemistry—Complications microenvironment preferences (LR) [Johansson and Zou}, distribution of the probability of survival is a strategic issue for 558 randomized trials in critically ill patients (CI) [Riou et al.}, 56 the release of dissolved gases from solution during decompression double-masked randomized trial comparing alternate combinations after hyperbaric treatment: effervescent tablets and Henry's of intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in law (CO) [Van Poucke et al.], 816 abdominal aortic surgery (CD [Norris et al.], 1054 ‘hemoreceptors magnesium sulfate does not reduce postoperative analgesic require- respiratory sites of action of propofol: absence of depression of ments (CI) [Ko et al.], 640 peripheral chemoreflex loop by low-dose propofol (CI prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic |N icuwenhuijs et al.], 889 cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary hildren. See Pediatric anesthesia artery bypass graft surgery (CD [Grigore et al.], 1110 cholinesterase a randomized, controlled trial of advance care planning discussions antiallodynic effect of intrathecal neostigmine is mediated by spinal during preoperative evaluations (Cl) [Grimaldo et al.], 43 nitric oxide in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain (LI) randomized controlled trial of total intravenous anesthesia with {Chen et al.], 1007 in vitro effects of fluoride on pseudocho- propofol versus inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous linesterase activity and the metabolism of the cis-trans and oxide: postoperative nausea and vomiting and economic anal- trans-trans isomers of mivacurium (LR) [Wiesner ct al.], 806 ysis (Ci) [Visser et al.], O16 ‘irculatory arrest Clomipramine desflurane confers neurologic protection for deep hypothermic cir- severe, refractory hypotension during anesthesia in a patient on culatory arrest in newborn pigs (LI) [Kurth et al.], 959 chronic clomipramine therapy (CR) [Malan et al.], 264 two cases of fatal thrombosis after aminocaproic acid therapy and Clonidine deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CR) [Fanshawe et al.], effects of clonidine on lidocaine clearance in vivo: a microdialysis 1525 study in humans (CD [Kopacz et al.], i371 irculatory physiology and hemodynamics intravenous clonidine use in a neonate experiencing Opioid-induced cardiorespiratory effects of automatic tube compensation during myoclonus (CR) [McClain et al.|, 549 airway pressure release ventilation in patients with acute lung Coagulation. See Blood coagulation injury (CI) [Wrigge et al.|, 382 Cognitive function comparison of metaraminol and ephedrine infusions for maintaining cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dys- arterial pressure during spinal anesthesia for elective cesar- function in the rat (LI) [Mackensen et al.|, 1485 ean section (CI) [Ngan Kee et al.], 307 prospective randomized trial of normothermic versus hypothermic desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane affect left atrial active and cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive function after coronary passive mechanical properties and impair left atrial-left ven artery bypass graft surgery (CI) [Grigore et al.], 1110 tricular coupling #7 vivo (LI) [Gare et al.|, 689 Combitube does early preload adaptation exist in patients with septic shock? Combitube and similar devices should undergo long-term safety (CO) [Bendjelid et al.], 1535 evaluation before their routine use in clinical practice (CO) does early preload adaptation exist in patients with septic shock? {Mandal}, 1041 (CO) [Jardin], 1535 (reply) Compartment syndrome effect of direct fetal opioid analgesia on fetal hormonal and hemo- effects of lithotomy position and external compression on lower leg dynamic stress response to intrauterine needling (CI) [Fisk et muscle compartment pressure (CI) [Pfeffer et al.], 632 al.], 828 Complement and complement activation effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on length-dependent regulation off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with C1 ester- of myocardial function in coronary surgery patients (CI) [De ase inhibitor deficiency (CR) [Bainbridge et al.], 795 Hert et al.], 357 Complications. See also Postoperative complications hemodynamic and catecholamine response to laryngoscopy and acute and nonacute complications associated with interscalene tracheal intubation in patients with complete spinal cord block and shoulder surgery: a prospective study (CD [Borgeat injuries (CI) [Yoo et al.], 647 et al.], 875 influence of superior vena caval zone condition on cyclic changes in acute failure of oxygen delivery (CO) [Ong et al.}, 1038 right ventricular outflow during respiratory support (CIT) [Vie- acute hemodilution in a chronic polycythemic patient may be dele- illard-Baron et al.], 1083 terious (CR) [van Bommel et al.], 129 role of the atrial natriuretic factor in obstetric spinal hypotension airway bleeding in negative-pressure pulmonary edema (CO) [Mc- (CI) [Frolich}], 371 Conkey], 272 severe, refractory hypotension during anesthesia in a patient on anaphylactic reactions to aprotinin reexposure in cardiac surgery: chronic clomipramine therapy (CR) [Malan et al.|, 264 relation to antiaprotinin immunoglobulin G and E antibodies two cases of fatal thrombosis after aminocaproic acid therapy and (CI) [Dietrich et al.], 64 deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CR) [Fanshawe et al.], assessing pediatric anesthesia practices for volunteer medica! ser- 1525 vices abroad (CI) [Fisher et al.], 1315 sisatracurium attempted interscalene block procedures (CO) [Benumof], 1304 concentration-effect relationship of cisatracurium at three different attempted interscalene block procedures (CO) [Bittar], 1303 dose levels in the anesthetized patients (CI) [Bergeron et al.}, bowel and bladder dysfunction after spinal bupivacaine (CO) [Mard- 314 irosoff and Dumont}, 1406 effects of rapacuronium on respiratory function during general an- carbon monoxide production from desflurane, enflurane, halothane, esthesia: a comparison with cés-atracurium (CI) [Tobias et isoflurane, and sevoflurane with dry soda lime (LD [Wissing et al.|, 908 al.}, 1205 extremely prolonged vecuronium clearance in a brain death case cardiac and neurologic complications identify risks for mortality for (CR) [Kainuma et al.], 1023 both men and women undergoing coronary artery bypass Clinical trials graft surgery (CI) [Hogue et al.], 1074 an evaluation of the quality of clinical trials in anesthesia (CD [Pua et catastrophic complications of interscalene nerve block (CO) al.|, 10608 [White], 1301 changes in plasma creatinine concentration after cardiac anesthesia cauda equina syndrome after spinal tetracaine: electromyographic with isoflurane, propofol, or sevoflurane: a randomized clin- evaluation—20 years follow-up (CR) [Vianna et al.], 1290 ical trial (CI) [Story et al.], 842 Combitube and similar devices should undergo long-term safety clinical research manuscripts in ANESTHESIOLOGY (EV) [Todd], 1051 evaluation before their routine use in clinical practice (CO) combined spinal-epidural versus epidural labor analgesia (CIT) [Norris {Mandal}, 1041 et al.j, 913 complications and treatment of mild hypothermia (RA) [Sesslerj, 531 Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Complications—Cyclooxygenase and inhibitors Draeger Narkomed 6000 poses patient safety risks (CO) [Feldman], Coronary circulation and myocardial ischemia. See a/so Myocar- 507 dial infarct/infarction Draeger Narkomed 6000 poses patient safety risks (CO) [Gross], 567 coronary artery plaque burden and perioperative cardiac risk (CD effects of lithotomy position and external compression on lower leg |Mahla et al.], 1133 muscle compartment pressure (CI) [Pfeffer et al.], 632 David Warltier: recipient of the 2001 excellence in research award effects of prone positioning on intraocular pressure in anesthetized (Special Announcement) [Kampine], 821 patients (CI) [Cheng et al.], 1351 effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on length-dependent regulation effects of rapacuronium on respiratory function during general an- of myocardial function in coronary surgery patients (CI) [De esthesia: a Comparison with cis-atracurium (CI) [Tobias et Hert et al.], 357 al.|, 908 myocardial and coronary effects of propofol in rabbits with compen- epidural hematoma after epidural steroid injection: a possible asso- sated cardiac hypertrophy (LI) [Ouattara et al.|, 699 ciation with use of pentosan polysulfate sodium (CO) [Sid- regional pericarditis mimicking myocardial infarction (CR) [Youssef diqui et al.|, 1307 et al.], 261 hepatocellular injury following the administration of propofol (CR) Critical care {Anand et al.], 1523 adaptive support ventilation (ASV) for fast tracheal extubation after how to prevent catastrophic complications when performing inter- cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study (CI) [Sulzer et scalene blocks (CO) [Chelly et al.], 1302 al.], 1339 internal jugular vein occlusion test for rapid diagnosis of misplaced the anesthesiologist in critical care medicine: past, present, and subclavian vein catheter into the internal jugular vein (CID future (SA) [Hanson et al.], 781 [Ambesh et al.], 1377 cardiorespiratory effects of automatic tube compensation during intracuff pressure and tracheal morbidity: influence of filling cuff airway pressure release ventilation in patients with acute lung with saline during nitrous oxide anesthesia (CI) [Combes et injury (Cl) [Wrigge et al.], 382 al.], 1120 clinical experience of percutaneous femoral venous catheterization paraplegia immediately following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid in critically ill preterm infants less than 1,000 grams (CID drainage catheter in a patient after thoracoabdominal aortic [Chen], 637 aneurysm surgery (CR) [Heller and Chaney], 1285 continuous venovenous hemofiltration improves arterial oxygen- patient “uncontrolled” analgesia (CO) [Bitetti and Sherman], 1306 ation in endotoxin-induced lung injury in pigs (LD [Ullrich et performing an interscalene block during general anesthesia must be al.|, 428 the exception (CO) [Borgeat et al.], 1302 distribution of the probability of survival is a strategic issue for persistent phrenic nerve paralysis following interscalene brachial randomized trials in critically ill patients (C1) [Riou et al.|, 56 plexus block (CR) [Robaux et al.], 1519 does early preload adaptation exist in patients with septic shock? postoperative sudden death in two adolescents with myelomenin- (CO) [Bendjelid et al.], 1535 gocele and unrecognized arrhythmogenic right ventricular a double-blind, randomized comparison of [IV lorazepam versus dysplasia (CR) |Houfani et al.|, 257 midazolam for sedation of ICU patients via a pharmacologic postoperative visual loss: still no answers—yet (EV) [Roth and model (CI) [Barr et al.], 286 Barach], 575 effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon on pulmonary blood flow and prolonged Horner syndrome due to neck hematoma after continu- ventilation-perfusion distribution in a model of acute respira- ous interscalene block (CR) [Ekatodramis et al.], 801 tory distress syndrome (LI) [Hubler et al.|, 1414 relation between quality of recovery in hospital and quality of life at internal jugular vein occlusion test for rapid diagnosis of misplaced 3 months after cardiac surgery (CID [Myles et al.], 862 subclavian vein catheter into the internal jugular vein (CI) reversal of acute paraplegia with cerebrospinal fluid drainage after {[Ambesh et al.], 1377 endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair (CR) [Ortiz- intravenous clonidine use in a neonate experiencing Opioid-induced Gomez et al.], 1288 myoclonus (CR) [McClain et al.|, 549 rhinorrhea by nasal fentanyl (CO) [Ueda], 812 pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and ICU sedation: un- risk factors for perioperative adverse respiratory events in children explored territories (EV) [Baileyj, 281 with upper respiratory tract infections (CI) [Tait et al.], 299 propofol dosing regimens for ICU sedation based upon an integrated ropivacaine neurotoxicity - a stab in the back? (CO) [de Jong], 1531 pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model (CI) [Barr et al.], severe, refractory hypotension during anesthesia in a patient on chronic clomipramine therapy (CR) [Malan et al.|, 264 324 smiles, kudos and comments (EV) [Warner et al.|, 1311 Rogers and Helfaer, Handbook of Pediatric Intensive Care, 3rd spinal-epidural hematoma following epidural anesthesia in the pres- edition (EM) [Hammer], 275 ence of antiplatelet and heparin therapy (CR) [Litz et al.], successful use of combined high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, 1031 inhaled nitric oxide, and prone positioning in the acute re- training requirements for peripheral nerve blocks (CO) [Hadzic et spiratory distress syndrome (CR) [Varkul et al.|, 797 al.}, 1303 orystalloids and colloids two cases of fatal thrombosis after aminocaproic acid therapy and changes in blood volume and hematocrit during acute preoperative deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CR) [Fanshawe et al.], volume loading with 5% albumin or 6% hetastarch solutions 1525 in patients before radical hysterectomy (CI) [Rehm et al.], 8 49 unilateral blindness after prone lumbar spine surgery (CR) [Lee and Lam], 793 Cuffed oropharyngeal airway. See Laryngeal mask airway and the upper respiratory tract infection (URI) dilemma: fear of a com- COPA plication or litigation? (EV) [Cote], 283 Cyclic AMP and GMP venous air embolism during endoscopic strip craniectomy for repair interaction of protamine with a- and B-adrenoceptor stimulations in of craniosynostosis in infants (CD [Tobias et al.|, 340 rat myocardium (LI) [David et al.], 1226 ventilator failure during use of a new anesthesia machine (CO) intravenous anesthetics inhibit nonadrenergic noncholinergic lower {Barahal and Sims], 568 esophageal sphincter relaxation via nitric oxide-cyclic Compound A guanosine monophosphate pathway modulation in rabbits only carbon dioxide absorbents free of both NaOH and KOH do not (LD [Kohjitani et al.], 176 generate compound A during in vitro closed-system sevoflu- possible involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-indepen- rane: evaluation of five absorbents (LD [Versichelen et al.], dent mechanism in the positive chronotropic effect of nor- 750 epinephrine in the isolated guinea pig right atrium (LI) [Asada Contrast echocardiography. See Echocardiography and Endou], 437 COPA. See Laryngeal mask airway and COPA Cyclooxygenase and inhibitors Coronary artery bypass grafting. See Cardiac surgery brain expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) messenger- Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 1555 Cyclooxygenase and inhibitors—Economics, management, and manpower RNA (mRNA) in rats undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (LID spinal endogenous acetylcholine contributes to the analgesic effect {Hindman et al.], 1380 of systemic morphine in rats (LD [Chen and Pan], 525 in vitro Cytochrome P-450 effects of fluoride on pseudocholinesterase activity and the fatal hepatitis associated with isoflurane exposure and CYP2AG6 au- metabolism of the cis-trans and trans-trans isomers of miva- toantibodies (CR) [Martin et al.], 551 curium (LR) [Wiesner et al.|, 806 halothane-dependent lipid peroxidation in human liver microsomes Drug metabolism is catalyzed by cytochrome P4502A6 (CYP2A6) (LI) [Minoda only carbon dioxide absorbents free of both NaOH and KOH do not and Kharasch], 509 generate compound A during i727 vitro closed-system sevoflu- Cytokines rane: evaluation of five absorbents (LI) [Versichelen et al.], halothane but not isoflurane attenuates interleukin 1 -induced nitric 750 »xide synthase in vascular smooth muscle (LI) |Maeda et al.], Drugs 492 calculation of the permeability coefficient should take into account the fact that most drugs are weak electrolytes (CO) [Grouls et al.], 1300 mechanism-based pain diagnosis: issues for analgesic drug develop- ment (SA) [Woolf and Max], 241 Depth of anesthesia Drug toxicity auditory evoked potential index predicts the depth of sedation and bowel and bladder dysfunction after spinal bupivacaine (CO) [|Mard- movement in response to skin incision during sevoflurane irosoff and Dumont], 1306 anesthesia (CI) |K urita et al.|], 364 cauda equina syndrome after spinal tetracaine: electromyographic bispectral index monitoring during sedation with sevoflurane, mida evaluation—20 years follow-up (CR) [Vianna et al.], 1290 zolam, and propofol (CID [Ibrahim et al.], 1151 direct neurotoxicity of tetracaine on growth cones and neurites of Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroen growing neurons 77 vitro (LI) [Saito et al.}], 726 cephalographic effects of desflurane (CID) [Bruhn et al.], 30 halothane-dependent lipid peroxidation in human liver microsomes wavelet analysis of middle latency auditory evoked responses: cal is catalyzed by cytochrome P4502A6 (CYP2A6) (LD [Minoda culation of an index for detection of awareness during propo and Kharasch], 509 fol administration (CI) [Kochs et al.], 1141 only carbon dioxide absorbents free of both NaOH and KOH do not Desflurane generate compound A during i7 vitro closed-system sevoflu- carbon monoxide production from desflurane, enflurane, halothane, rane: evaluation of five absorbents (LI) [Versichelen et al.], isoflurane, and sevoflurane with dry soda lime (LI) | Wissing et 750 al.], 1205 protamine-induced cardiotoxicity is prevented by anti-TNF antibod- desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane affect left atrial active and ies and heparin (LD [Pevni et al.|, 1389 passive mechanical properties and impair left atrial-left ven- ropivacaine neurotoxicity - a stab in the back? (CO) [de Jong], 1531 tricular coupling #7 vivo (LI) [Gare et al.], 689 ropivacaine neurotoxicity - a stab in the back? (CO) [Ganapathy], desflurane confers neurologic protection for deep hypothermic cir 1531 (reply) culatory arrest in newborn pigs (LI) [Kurth et al.], 959 severe oxyhemoglobin desaturation during induction of anesthesia cffects of desflurane and sevoflurane on length-dependent regulation in a patient with congenital methemoglobinemia (CR) of myocardial function in Coronary surgery patients (CI) [De {Baraka et al.], 1296 Hert et al.], 357 systemic toxicity of levobupivacaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroen- during continuous intravenous infusion to nonpregnant and cephalographic effects of desflurane (CI) [Bruhn et al.], 30 pregnant ewes (LD [Santos and DeArmas], 1256 Diabetes mellitus Dysrhythmias, cardiac. See Heart rhythm and dysrhythmias intiallodynic effect of intrathecal neostigmine is mediated by spinal nitric oxide in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain (LD Chen et al.|, 1007 E Diagnostic testing the effect of aprotinin on thromboelastography with three different activators (CI) [Avidan et al.|, 1169 Echocardiography use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography to predict current practice patterns for adult perioperative transesophageal atrial fibrillation after Coronary artery bypass grafting (CD echocardiography in the United States (SA) [Morewood et Shore-Lesserson et al.|, 652 al.], 1507 Difficult airway does early preload adaptation exist in patients with septic shock? difficult laryngoscopy due to abnormal palatoglossal arch (CO) [Sug- (CO) [Bendjelid et al.], 1535 ivama et al.], 1540 echocardiography and anesthesiology successes and challenges (EV) mask induction with sevoflurane in a parturient with severe tracheal |Thys], 1313 stenosis (CR) [Ratner et al.|, 553 effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on length-dependent regulation use of the intubating LMA-Fastrach'™ in 254 patients with difficult- of myocardial function in coronary surgery patients (CD [De to-manage airways (CI) [Ferson et al.], 1175 Hert et al.], 357 Diuretics influence of superior vena caval zone condition on cyclic changes in inhaled furosemide inhibits behavioral response to airway occlusion right ventricular outflow during respiratory support (CD [Vie- in anesthetized cats (LI) |Nehashi et al.|, 1234 illard-Baron et al.|, 1083 Do not resuscitate orders methodological remarks on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography a randomized, controlled trial of advance care planning discussions for PFO detection (CO) [Kampen et al.], 808 during preoperative evaluations (CD [Grimaldo et al.], 43 use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography to predict Dorr, Henry Isaiah atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CD Phomas Drysdale Buchanan or Henry Isaiah Dorr: give credit to both |Shore-Lesserson et al.], 652 (CO) |Wetchler], 271 Economics, management, and manpower Drug abuse, addiction, and withdrawal the anesthesiologist in critical care medicine: past, present, and intravenous clonidine use in a neonate experiencing opioid-induced future (SA) [Hanson et al.], 781 myoclonus (CR) [McClain et al.], 549 costs and recovery profiles of caudal anesthesia for anorectal surgery Drug interactions in adults (CO) [Van Elstraete et al.], 813 effects of clonidine on lidocaine clearance in vivo: a microdialysis double-masked randomized trial comparing alternate combinations study in humans (CI) [Kopacz et al.], 1371 of intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in precipitation of thiopental by rapacuronium (CO) [Schmidt et al.], abdominal aortic surgery (CD [Norris et al.], 1054 2 3 randomized controlled trial of total intravenous anesthesia with Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Economics, management, and manpower—Enflurane propofol versus inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous halothane inhibits contraction and action potential duration to a oxide: postoperative nausea and vomiting and economic anal- greater extent in subendocardial than subepicardial myocytes ysis (CI) [Visser et al.], 616 from the rat left ventricle (LI) [Rithalia et al.], 1213 Editorial views influence of voltage-sensitive Ca channel drugs on bupivacaine automated anesthesia: fact or fantasy? (EV) [Glass and Rampil], 1 infiltration anesthesia in mice (LI) [Smith et al.}, 1189 clinical research manuscripts in ANESTHESIOLOGY (EV) [Todd], 1051 ketamine blockade of voltage gated sodium channels: evidence for a common practice and concepts in anesthesia: time for reassessment: shared receptor site with local anesthetics (LI [Wagner et is the sniffing position a “gold standard” for laryngoscopy? al.|, 1406 (EV) [Isono], 825 preferential block of small myelinated sensory and motor fibers by echocardiography and anesthesiology successes and challenges (EV) lidocaine: in vivo electrophysiology in the rat sciatic nerve [Thys], 1313 (LID [Gokin et al.], 1441 fetuses, fentanyl, and the stress response: signals from the begin- Embolism, air. See Air embolism nings of pain? (EV) [Anand et al.], 823 Endocrinology and metabolism. See a/so Diabetes mellitus new mechanisms for inhaled NO: release of an endogenous NO anesthetic effects of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K channel (LD inhibitor? (EV) [Johns], 4 {Kohro et al.}], 1435 pain and postoperative recovery (EV) [Carli and Bennett], 573 drug-induced liver disease during continuous epidural block with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and ICU sedation: un- bupivacaine (CR) [Yokoyama et al.], 259 explored territories (EV) [Bailey], 281 effect of direct fetal opioid analgesia on fetal hormonal and hemo- postoperative visual loss: still no answers—yet (EV) [Roth and dynamic stress response to intrauterine needling (CI) [Fisk et Barach], 575 al.|, 828 smiles, kudos and comments (EV) [Warner et al.], 1311 End-of-life care the upper respiratory tract infection (URD dilemma: fear of a com- plication or litigation? (EV) [Coté], 283 a randomized, controlled trial of advance care planning discussions Education during preoperative evaluations (CI [Grimaldo et al.}, 43 fiberoptic orotracheal intubation on anesthetized patients: do ma- Endorphins and enkephalins nipulation skills learned on a simple model transfer into the opioid peptide-expressing leukocytes: identification, recruitment, operating room? (CI) [Naik et al.], 343 and simultaneously increasing inhibition of imflanimatory reevaluating the “cornerstone of training in anesthesiology” (CO) pain (LD [Rittner et al.], 500 {Candido et al.], 1043 Endothelial-derived relaxing factor and endothelin training requirements for peripheral nerve blocks (CO) |Hadzic et roles of carbon monoxide in leukocyte and platelet dynamics in rat al.], 1303 mesentery during sevoflurane anesthesia (LD |Morisaki et al.| , the validity of performance assessments using simulation (CD [Devitt 192 et al.|, 36 Endothelium, vascular Electrocardiography role of endothelium in the action of isoflurane on vascular muscle of postoperative sudden death in two adolescents with myelomenin- isolated mesenteric resistance arteries (LI) [Izumi et al.], 990 gocele and unrecognized arrhythmogenic right ventricular Endotoxin dysplasia (CR) |Houfani et al.], 257 brain expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) messenger- regional pericarditis mimicking myocardial infarction (CR) [Youssef RNA (mRNA) in rats undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (LD et al.], 261 {Hindman et al.], 1380 Electroconvulsive therapy continuous venovenous hemofiltration improves arterial oxygen- anesthetic management for patients with postpolio syndrome receiv- ation in endotoxin-induced lung injury in pigs (LD [Ullrich et ing electroconvulsive therapy (CR) [Liu and Modell], 799 al.], 428 Electroencephalography (EEG) ketamine inhibits endotoxin-induced shock in rats (LID [Taniguchi et automated anesthesia: fact or fantasy? (EV) [Glass and Rampil], 1 al.], 928 comparison of closed-loop controlled administration of propofol rapid endotoxin-induced alterations in myocardial calcium handling: using bispectral index as the controlled variable versus “stan- obligatory role of cardiac TNF-alpha (LD [Stamm et al.], 1396 dard practice” controlled administration (CD [Struys et al.], 6 Endotracheal intubation. See a/so Intubation predictability of processed electroencephalography effects on the adaptive support ventilation (ASV) for fast tracheal extubation after basis of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling during cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study (CI) [Sulzer et repeated propofol infusion in patients with extradural anal- al.], 1339 gesia (CI) [Kuizenga et al.|, 607 fiberoptic orotracheal intubation on anesthetized patients: do ma- Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroen- nipulation skills learned on a simple model transfer into the cephalographic effects of desflurane (CID [Bruhn et al.}, 30 operating room? (CD [Naik et al.], 343- Electromyography (EMG) gel lubrication of the tracheal tube cuff reduces pulmonary aspira- differential sensitivity of abdominal muscles and the diaphragm to tion (CI) [Blunt et al.], 377 mivacurium: an electromyographic study (CI) [Kirov et al.], hemodynamic and catecholamine response to laryngoscopy and 1323 tracheal intubation in patients with complete spinal cord Electrophysiology injuries (CI) [Yoo et al.], 647 anesthetic-sensitive 2P domain K channels (RA) [Patel and intracuff pressure and tracheal morbidity: influence of filling cuff Honore}, 1013 with saline during nitrous oxide anesthesia (CIT [Combes et differential modulation of the cardiac L- and T-type calcium channel currents by isoflurane (LD [Camara et al.], 515 al.], 1120 drug-induced amnesia is a separate phenomenon from sedation a novel method of one-lung isolation using a double endobronchial electrophysiologic evidence (CD [Veselis et al.], 896 blocker technique (CR) |Amar et al.|, 1528 effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine on high-voltage-activated the “sniffing position” facilitates tracheal intubation (CO) [Sosis}], calcium currents of the dorsal horn neurons in newborn rats 1042 (LD [Liu et al.], 139 Enflurane effects of the anesthetic gases xenon, halothane, and isoflurane on carbon monoxide production from desflurane, enflurane, halothane, calcium and potassium currents in human atrial cardiomyo- isoflurane, and sevoflurane with dry soda lime (LI) [Wissing et cytes (LD [Htneke et al.], 999 al.}, 1205 effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia with and without autonomic characterization of thioether compounds formed from alkaline deg- nervous system blockade on cardiac monophasic action po- radation products of enflurane (LI) [Orhan et al.], 165 tentiais and effective refractoriness in awake dogs (LD |M eiss- enflurane actions on spinal cords from mice that lack the B, subunit ner et al.], 132 of the GABA, receptor (LI [Wong et al.], 154 Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 1557 SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 95 Epidural anesthesia and analgesia—Furosemide Epidural anesthesia and analgesia expiratory neurons and on phrenic nerve activity in a decer- combined spinal-epidural versus epidural labor analgesia (CI) |N orris ebrate dog model (LD [Stucke et al.], 485 et al.], 913 Extubation double-masked randomized trial comparing alternate combinations adaptive support ventilation (ASV) for fast tracheal extubation after of intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study (CD [Sulzer et abdominal aortic surgery (CD [Norris et al.], 1054 al.], 1339 drug-induced liver disease during continuous epidural block with Eye function and disease bupivacaine (CR) [Yokoyama et al.], 259 effects of prone positioning on intraocular pressure in anesthetized effectiveness of epidural blood patch in the management of post- patients (CI) [Cheng et al.], 1351 dural puncture headache (CD [Safa-Tisseront et al.], 334 postoperative visual loss: still no answers—yet (EV) [Roth and effect of epidural analgesia with ambulation on labor duration (CI) Barach], 575 {Vallejo et al.], 857 unilateral blindness after prone lumbar spine surgery (CR) [Lee and effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia with and without autonomic Lam], 793 nervous system blockade on cardiac monophasic action po- Eye surgery tentials and effective refractoriness in awake dogs (LI) [Meiss- ophthalmic blocks at the medial canthus (CO) [Lopatka et al.], 1533 ner et al.], 132 ophthalmic blocks at the medial canthus (CO) [Ripart], 1533 (reply) epidural hematoma after epidural steroid injection: a possible asso- ciation with use of pentosan polysulfate sodium (CO) [Sid- diqui et al.], 1307 improved, but not preemptive, analgesia (CO) [Daley and Norman], 505 inflammatory pain and hypersensitivity are selectively reversed by Fentanyl epidural bupivacaine and are developmentally regulated (LD fetuses, fentanyl, and the stress response: signals from the begin- {Howard et al.], 421 nings of pain? (EV) [Anand et al.], 823 pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine after continuous epidural infusion rhinorrhea by nasal fentanyl (CO) [Galinkin and Watcha], 813 in infants with and without biliary atresia (CI) [Meunier et rhinorrhea by nasal fentanyl (CO) [Ueda], 812 al.], 87 Fetal/neonatal function and disease preemptive analgesia by intravenous low-dose ketamine and epi- effect of direct fetal opioid analgesia on fetal hormonal and hemo- dural morphine (CO) {McCulloch et al.], 565 dynamic stress response to intrauterine needling (CI) [Fisk et should imaging studies be routinely performed prior to epidural al.}, 828 steroid injections? (CO) |[Mchaourab et al.|, 1539 fetuses, fentanyl, and the stress response: signals from the begin- spinal-epidural hematoma following epidural anesthesia in the pres- nings of pain? (EV) [Anand et al], 823 ence of antiplatelet and heparin therapy (CR) [Litz et al.], minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anesthetics in rats during 1041 postnatal maturation (LI) [Orliaguet et al.|, 734 when is preemptive analgesia truly preemptive? (CO) [Aida et al.], Fibrinolysis 506 activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during coronary surgery: when is preemptive analgesia truly preemptive? (CO) [Sarantopou- on-pump versus offfpump techniques (CD [Casati et al.], los and Fassoulaki], 565 1103 Equipment and technology two cases of fatal thrombosis after aminocaproic acid therapy and Combitube and similar devices should undergo long-term safety deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CR) [Fanshawe et al.], evaluation before their routine use in clinical practice (CO) 1525 |Mandal], 1041 Fluids and electrolytes comparison of two different temperature maintenance strategies calculation of the permeability coefficient should take into account during open abdominal surgery: upper body forced-air warm- the fact that most drugs are weak electrolytes (CO) [Ber- ing versus whole body water garment (CI) [Janicki et al.], 868 nards], 1301 Draeger Narkomed 6000 poses patient safety risks (CO) [Feldman], calculation of the permeability coefficient should take into account 567 the fact that most drugs are weak electrolytes (CO) [Grouls et Draeger Narkomed 6000 poses patient safety risks (CO) [Gross], 567 al.], 1300 a leak in a capnography sampling line induced a difference between changes in blood volume and hematocrit during acute preoperative arterial and end-tidal CO, (CO) [Horishita and Minami], 815 volume loading with 5°% albumin or 6% hetastarch solutions opening anesthesiologist-proof vials (CO) [Cohen et al.|, 814 in patients before radical hysterectomy (CI) [Rehm et al.], patient “uncontrolled” analgesia (CO) [Bitetti and Sherman], 1306 849 sequential compression devices can cause erroneous cardiac output is chloride or dilution of bicarbonate the cause of metabolic acidosis measurements (CR) [Akinci et al.], 1027 from fluid administration? (CO) {Mathes], 809 use of the intubating LMA-Fastrach'™ in 254 patients with difficult- what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Bellomo to-manage airways (CD [Ferson et al.], 1175 and Liskaser], 810 using a spinal needle as an introducer for a spinal needle (CO) [Soto what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Roth], 810 and Schultetus], 814 what is the clinical relevance of dilutional acidosis? (CO) [Waters], ventilator failure during use of a new anesthesia machine (CO) 812 |Barahal and Sims], 568 Fluorine and fluoride Ethics in vitro effects of fluoride on pseudocholinesterase activity and the a randomized, controlled trial of advance care planning discussions metabolism of the cis-trans and trans-trans isomers of miva- during preoperative evaluations (CIT [Grimaldo et al.], 43 curium (LR) [Wiesner et al.], 806 Evoked potentials Fluorocarbons auditory evoked potential index predicts the depth of sedation and effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon on pulmonary blood flow and movement in response to skin incision during sevoflurane ventilation-perfusion distribution in a model of acute respira- anesthesia (CD [Kurita et al.], 364 tory distress syndrome (LI [Hubler et al.], 1414 drug-induced amnesia is a separate phenomenon from sedation: Free radicals and superoxide electrophysiologic evidence (CI) [Veselis et al.], 896 halothane-dependent lipid peroxidation in human liver microsomes wavelet analysis of middle latency auditory evoked responses: cal- is catalyzed by cytochrome P4502A6 (CYP2A6) (LI) [Minoda culation of an index for detection of awareness during propo- and Kharasch], 509 fol administration (CD [Kochs et al.], 1141 Furosemide Excitatory neurotransmission inhaled furosemide inhibits behavioral response to airway occlusion effects of sevoflurane on excitatory neurotransmission to medullary in anesthetized cats (LI) [Nehashi et al.], 1234 Anesthesiology, V 95, No 6, Dec 2001 1558