Android System Programming Porting, customizing, and debugging Android HAL Roger Ye BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI Android System Programming Copyright © 2017 Packt Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book. Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. First published: May 2017 Production reference: 1290517 Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK. ISBN 978-1-78712-536-0 www.packtpub.com Credits Author Copy Editor Roger Ye Safis Editing Reviewers Project Coordinator Bin Chen Ritika Manoj Chih-Wei Huang Shen Liu Nanik Tolaram Commissioning Editor Proofreader Amarabha Banerjee Safis Editing Acquisition Editor Indexer Shweta Pant Mariammal Chettiyar Content Development Editor Production Coordinator Arun Nadar Nilesh Mohite Technical Editor Prajakta Mhatre About the Author Roger Ye has worked in the area of embedded system programming for more than 10 years. He has worked on system programming for mobile devices, home gateways, and telecommunication systems for various companies, such as Motorola, Emerson, and Intersil. Most recently, he has worked as an engineering manager, leading a team of Android engineers to develop mobile security applications at Intel Security. With extensive knowledge and experience in the areas of embedded systems and mobile device development, he published a book called Embedded Programming with Android, Addison- Wesley, in 2015. I would like to thank my dearest wife, Bo Quan, and my lovely daughter, Yuxin Ye, for enduring me to spend significant time on this book over the weekends. They have been very encouraging and always give me support to work on the things that I am interested in. About the Reviewers Bin Chen is a senior engineer from Linaro. He has worked on various Android-based products since 2010: TV, STB, Galaxy Tab, Nexus Player, and Google Project Ara, in that order, and now AOSP 96Boards. He occasionally blogs and speaks about all things Android. He lives in Sydney, Australia. Chih-Wei Huang is a developer and promoter of free software who lives in Taiwan. He is famous for his work in the VoIP and internationalization and localization fields in Greater China. Huang graduated from National Taiwan University (NTU) in 1993 with a bachelor's degree in physics, and attained a master's degree in the electrical engineering department of NTU in 2000. Huang currently works as a chief engineer of Tsinghua Tongfang Co., Ltd. for the OPENTHOS project. He is one of the founding members of the Software Liberty Association of Taiwan (SLAT). Chih-Wei Huang is the founder and coordinator of the Chinese Linux Documentation Project (CLDP). He is also the second coordinator of the Chinese Linux Extensions (CLE) and a core developer of GNU Gatekeeper (from 2001 to 2003). He is a contributor to pyDict, OpenH323, Asterisk, GStreamer, and more. He is working on a way to leverage the ASUS Eee PC with the power of the free software community and aims to provide a complete solution for Android on the x86 platform. The Eee PC, VirtualBox, and QEMU have been tested and are OK. Chih-Wei Huang and Yi Sun started the Android-x86 open source project in 2009. The project aims to bring Android to the x86 platform. About the Reviewers Shen Liu is a senior engineer, working at Intel China. He used to work at McAfee LLC, Broadcom Corporation, and Huawei Technologies. He has over 10 years of work experience on Linux/Android and embedded systems, in different roles. He had taken manager, architect, and engineer roles during his career. He is mainly responsible for the Android framework, but is not limited to it, and he has a lot of passion for software design. On top of that, he loves reading technical books. Nanik Tolaram works as a senior Android platform engineer for BlocksGlobal in Australia, where he is responsible for developing Screener (screener.digital) and Lumin (mylumin.org). He is passionate about Android and is very active within both the local and international Android developer communities--from talks and teaching to writing articles for ODROID open source magazine (magazine.odroid.com). In his spare time, he loves to tinker with electronics and study human psychology and behavior. He lives in Sydney, Australia, with his lovely wife and two beautiful boys. www.PacktPub.com For support files and downloads related to your book, please visit www.PacktPub.com. Did you know that Packt offers eBook versions of every book published, with PDF and ePub files available? You can upgrade to the eBook version at www.PacktPub.comand as a print book customer, you are entitled to a discount on the eBook copy. Get in touch with us at [email protected] for more details. 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Table of Contents Preface 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Android System Programming 9 What is system programming? 10 What is the scope of this book? 11 Overview of the Android system 13 Kernel 13 HAL 15 Android system services 15 Binder IPC 16 Application framework 16 Recovery 17 The third-party open source projects derived from AOSP 19 LineageOS (CyanogenMod) 19 Android-x86 21 CWM/CMR/TWRP 22 Strategy of integration 23 Virtual hardware reference platforms 24 Introduction to the x86-based Android emulator 24 Introduction to ranchu 25 VirtualBox-based Android emulators 26 Summary 27 Chapter 2: Setting Up the Development Environment 28 Summary of Android versions 28 Installing Android SDK and setting up an Android Virtual Device 31 Creating AVD in an older version of SDK 31 Creating AVD in the latest version of SDK 33 Testing the goldfish emulator 34 Testing ranchu emulator 37 The AOSP build environment and the Android emulator build 39 The AOSP build environment 39 Installing the required packages 39 Installing Open JDK 7 and 8 39 Downloading the AOSP source 41 Installing repo 41