AnarchiisnmG ermany VolI.: T heE arlMyo vement by ANDREW R.C ARLSON TheS carecrPorwe sIsn,c . MetucheNn.J, . 1972 Copyri1g9h2t7 by AndCraerwl sRo.n ISB0N- 1808-0484-0 LibraorfCy o nrgessC ataClaorgNd u mbe7r8 -14866 9 ForL inda Preface A riclhi teraetxuirsoetnt s h Gee rmaSno ciDaelm orcaitc movementw hicaht temtpoet xpsl atihnre oloef Gtheer man workicnlags isn t hWei lhelRmeiia.cn h nAo taobmliess ioinn thilsi tereai tstu hrlea cokfs erisotuusd oinea sn aricsh,mw hich inm anry espepcatrsa ltlhedele sv oepmlenotft hSeo ciaDle mo­ craictP artin yG ermanTyh,ib so oske kest oa dadn ewd imension byp rovidain nagrr atiaonnad n alyosfti hsae n arcehxpiesrtni cee inG eramnyd uritnhgpe e iro1d8 301-898,w itehm phaosni St he year1s8 7-88189T.h ep renstve olumet hfeii sr hsatlo ffa t wo­ voluwmoer okn a narchiinGs emr amnyT,h es ceonvdo luwmiel l covetrhpe e iro1d8 9-01933. Iw oulldi kteot hanPkro fesVseorrn Lo.nL itkdew hop ointed outt om et hnee efdo ars tuodfyt hGee rmaann arcmhoivsetm te.n Thisst uhdaysb enfeitferdo hmi csri timC,is suggesatnido ns generaosussi staMnywc oer.wk a sa ieddb yt hIen tleirabrry Loaann dP hotuopdlicaDteipoanr tmoefmn atnsly bi rarsi.Ie woulldi kteo extegnrda tmeiyt t out dhIen terliLboraDaner ­y paretnmotf t hMei chiSgtaanUt nevi esritLyir barayn dt oM rs. Mary TJh.u rmoaftn h Ien tleirbrLaorayDn ep artmoefnE ta stern KetnuckUynv iesri.t Tyhef ollolwbiirnagr isuepsp lmieew di th micorficlom pioefrs a rnee wsppearpsa,m phlaentdbs o,ko s: UnivseirtoyfC hicagNoe,w berLrbiyr arMyi,de wst Ibnrtaerryl i LoaCnen teUrn,ie vrtsyio fW isconUsniinv,sei rtoyfM inensota, UnivseirtoyfM ichigYaanlU,en vieSritHya,r vaUrndie vrsi,t y PrinceUtnoviner SityT,h eL ibraroyfC onegsrsN,e wY orPku blic LibrarTyh,eH ooevrI ntsitoutnWe a rP,e acaen dR evolution, CoulmbiUanv iersitUyn,vi erstiyo fI llinTohieBs rt,ii sMhu se,u m BayesrcihSet aatsbibalnidto htIehn etkae,tr inoInnaisltt uotfe SociaHli stionrAy m stearmd.M r.E dwaWredb ecru,r atofo r thLea badCioeel cltiaottn h Uen ievrsitoyfM ichigsahno,ub led singoluetfd o hri ass sistiansn upcpel ymiantge riIaa lmsa ,l so in dbett oD rT.r muppo ft hBeu nedsarcKhoibvl,:e Dnzr.W eiss, dierctoofrt hBea yeriHsacuhpet tsstcaahrai,Av bteiIlIun,g GeheiSmteasa tchsia;Dvr r.S cheOrble,r ahirvcrBaaty erische Hauptasattsariv,cA hbteilVu,Sn tga acthsiafvrU Orb erbearyn; thset aofftf h Set asaatrhci,vL udiwgsbuDrrgE.;w a,lO dberarc­ hirvaStt asaatrhcivH,a mburagn;td h set afoffs tHhees sisches HauptstaatWsiaserbcahdiSevtn,a;s a atcrhiSvi gmagreinn; v StaathsiaMvrU ncsteNri;e dsearchsiSstcahaet saOrscnhaibvr,U ck. A spectihanalk si sd uet ot hset aofftf h Dee utscZeh netsr alarchiv, Mersbeurtgh;Se t aatchsiaPvro tsdaanmdt, h Mei nisrtieudme s lnnerMni,n istedrerDrae utt scDheemn oaktriscRheepnu b.l ik Ofa ltlh pee rosnass scoiatdeiedrc tolryi ndirewcitttlhh yi s boonko,n dee sveermso raep rpeicatitohnam ny w ifLein,d aw,h o paisntakitnygpleyd m atnhdyera ftotsf hem anuspctr.i vi Contents Page Introtdiuocn Chatper I SpiriAtnucaels tooftr hsGe e ramnA narchists1 3 II MaxS Urn(e81r06 -1856) 53 III AnarchiisnGm e ramnyt o1 878 77 IV TheH BdeAls sansastiiAotnt petma ndt hDee feat oft hSeo ciaLlaiws t 115 V TheN obilAisnasgs isnatAitotne mapntdt he Passaogfte h Seo ciaLlaiws t 139 VI JohaMnons atn dW ilheHlamse slmaTnhnr eaten toSp litth SeP D 173 VII TheS muggloifFn rge ihaenidtht e F oramtioofn AnaricshCte lls 205 VIIIP rpoagandbayD ede 249 IX TheF ailuorfPe ro pagabnydD ae edT:h eT ragic CareeorfAs u guRseti nsdaonrdJf u liLuise ske2 83 X Bruedrkrieg 321 XI JohNne vaen dt hSep liintt h Meo vement 343 Conculsion 395 AppenId ix 401 AppenIdIi x 403 Biblipohgyr a 405 Index 437 Introduction Therei sa sizeabbloed yo fo piniotnh atth erwea sl ittle anarchisimn G ermanya ndt hatth osaen archistthse rwee re contribuntoetdh intgoa narchitshto ughAt .s imilavri ewc ontends thatth eG ermana narchimsotv ementw asi neffectaunadml e an­ inglessso f ara s producianngy l astirnegs ultasr ec oncerned. G.D.HC.o lew rites":In GermanyA narchisnme vert ookh old; ..a.f teJro hanMno sta ndW ilhelHma sselmanhna dl eftth ec oun­ tryG,e rmana narchislma ckelde aderasn,d t heG ermansm ade no Significcaonntt ributtioAo nna rchitshte ory.D"el rg rosse Broc]\:hsa ustates":I nG ermanyo nt heo thehra nd[ asc ompared 2 too thecro untrietsh]e rwee reo nlyi nsignifiacnaanrtc hists." James Joinn h isr ecenbto okr elates":I nG ermany. .t.h ea nar­ chiswte rel imitetdot hosien dividuwahlosh adb eeni nd irect contacwti tht hef olleorwso fB akuniann dG uillaumient heJ ura." Aftetrh ea ssassinatoifpo onl icPer esideRnutm pfi n1 885 Anarchiisdte aisn G ermanys oonv irtuya lvlanished, excepatm onga fewb ohemiainn tellectsuuaclhas s theB avariawnr iter, GuLsatnadva uera,n da few dissideSnotc iaDle mocratsw how eree xpelled from the sociaplairsttfy o ra dvocating drierveocltu tioyn ar action.3 Thisi st heo nlyt imeL andauern'asm ei sm entioneind Joll'bso ok.E richM iihsam isn otm entioneadta lla ndR udolf Rockeri sa ccordeodn lyt wor eferencienst het extJ.o ll'bso ok isn otu nusuailn t hirse spectL.a ndauetrh,e a narchisutn,t il recentwlays n earlay f orgottfeing urien G ermanya,l though Landauetrh,e S hakespearsecahno lahra,s c ontinuteodb e very mucha liv4e . TheP roudT ower,w hichB arbarTau chmana versi sa "portraoiftt h ew orldb eforteh ew ar,1 890-149,1"d ismisses anarchisimn G ermanyw itht hef ollowirnegm arks: Thats overei[gWni lliIaIm]h adl itttloef earh,o wever, fromt heA narchisotfsh iso wnc ountrfyo,r t hel ast twow hoh ada ttemptteodk ilhli sg randfat[haetrt empts byf fodealn dN obHinogn t heL ifeo fW illiaIm i n1 878J 1 2 AnarchiinGs emr amny(1 ) werteh e alnadts htoe n layc tiviOstthwseir.s Gee,r ­ manA narchrimesatisn tehde oriesxtcesfp,ot tr oh se whog oatw atyo A mericGae.ra mnwse rneo fti fto r AnacrhisamsB, ak unihna ds aiwdit hd sidaifnow,ri th thepiars sifoonArsu thor"itthywe,ay n ttob ea to nce botmha stearnsd slaanvAde nasrc hisamcc epts neit."h5 e r Althoouvgehr oneo-ftt hebeno kto h idsev otteoda d icsussion ofa nacrhistmh,is sh osrtta temiestn hte omnelnyt iooftn h e anarcmhoivsetem nitn G eramnyT.o s ubtsantitahcteoe n tention thatth Gee rmawnesr neo "tf fiotar na rchisTmu,clhlmq auno tes MikhaBialk unIitwn o.u ld tsoeb eeim n congrtuoco iutBsea kunin, whosree mains hmaodl dbiseniegnn 1c 8e7 a6s,a na uthority for thseu scteipvoiftt yh Gee rmapne optloae na rchisfmot rh e yeasr1 8901-4.1 T9uchmarne1msa rokns tGheer maanna rhcist moveemnatr seh awl alnomdi saldeiansgt hisst uwdiyld le mon­ strate. Int hree psetceGde rmaenn coypceldHiaan,d worrbtuech deSrt aaitssnswscehafKta,rD li ewhrlit es: Inc ompartiost ohne Romance countries the anarchist movemeinnGt e rmawnaysn evetroa ttagirne iamt­ poartnceT.o bseur teh,ie d eoafsi n dividaunaalri­st chisfmo uhned rienS tirnoenroe,f t heiimrop rtant advocaAtnaersc.h iidsetea vso kaec de traianm ount oft heoreitneitrceaslt d iasncdiu osnBs.u tt haen ar­ chimsotv emeinnGt e rmnayn evearci hevaendyS ignif­ icapnotl itaictciavlin toydr, i tdh gero upo ragnizations ata nyt imaep rpoaacn hu meriscieazw lh iccho dub le considiemrpeoadrn ttU.n quieosntatbhlreyi gciedn ­ traliziantt hiSeoo nc iDaelm orcatoircg anization, whicdhom inattehwde o rkemrosvle meanntdr eejtced alalna rchpiasrtt iculcanortirsimb,tu otth eids6 . The Freennccoyhpc eldLiaaG ,r anEdneco lpectiree,l attheast Contrtaotr hyce o untarbioewusht i cwheh avbee en speakFirnagn, Scpea,i Itna,l Syw,ti zlearnBde,gl ium, it niosft r otmh Hea guCeo ngroefs1 s8 7a2tw, h ich timteh despi utbee tweMeanr axn dB akunin resulted ina d ivisoifto hnIe n tneartiotnhaalt, m ounstetr ace thoer iingosf t hbee ngniionfgt haen aricsmhto vement inG ermanIyt. is ltameurcah,f ttehrae s susination Intdruoction 3 attemopftH osd e[lM ay1 11,87 ]8a ndD r.N obiUng [Ju2n,e1 817,8u poEnm peroWri lliama,f tatenhrde enactmoeftn htSe o ciaLlaiws[O tct obe2r11 ,8 8]7, thatth devi isiooftn h Gee ramns oacliipsatr tryes ulted, lesasm onagu thtoarriisaa nnd anartchhabines ttwse en palraimeanrtainasn dr eovlutrioin,ema soderataensd extrsetm7si . Theraer egr aionfts r tuhi nb otohft hesstea tements, butm aintlhye ayr em isleadTihneGg e.r amna narchdiisdt s morteh asni atro unbde egra rdedniss custshitenh ge oretical aspecotfas na rchisTmh.e rwee rger opust hat lwaerregene o ugh tob ec nosdieredi mportaTnhte.rw ee rGee ramna narchists activienb othG eramnya ndt hIen ternaltoinobgne aflot rhee asasssinataitotne mopft1 s87 8. Ia mo ft hoep intihoanat n archdidisp ml aayr olien shaipntgh dee stionfyG eramnyi nt he1 9tahn d2 0tchen truies. Howevtehri,is nf leunccea ntnb oes eeni fo nee xanmieson ltyh e positiavtetm aeinntosft haen archiinGs etrsam ny.I fo,n the othhearn ,do neex amintheesni erg atiinvfeeln ucheew ilslo on dsicvoetrh at msapunpyr sevisem easurweesre ena cdta esa resulotfa na narchdiedse.tT heS ociaLlaiwsp,tr o mptebdytw o attempotnst hlei foefW illiIai mn1 878,w ast hfei srts uch measrue.T himse asuarfef ecntoeotdn ltyh aen archbiustt s, everywohnowe a si nrteesdt eidne veloap riensgnp sobilpea ral­i mentagroyv ernmienGn etr many. Substaanmtoiuanlot fms a teriaarlaesv ailoanbt lhee leandgai narchfiisgtu sruecsah s B akunPirno,du hoGno,d win, KrpootkiMna,l ateGsotlad,m aTno,l stRoeyc,l uTsu,c ker, and Stierr.n A gredaeta olfr esearicsrh e quitrole odc ate material ont hlee sskenro-wtnh,o hui gmporatnta,n archfiirgseuts T.h ere iso nt hoet her ahc aonnds idebroadboylfm e a teraivaali loanbl e LanadueMru,h sama,n dR ockbeurt a,g aitnol, o caittre e quires patiseenatr ncgh.Ti heg refaitg uhraevsbe e esnt udiined dep th mantyi ems. Thel esskenro w"nca hractearnsdo "r ganizations havbee eanl blu fto rgoetxtcpeenti nt hcer ubmlipnagg eosf somlei etk-tnlowann archist omfwo hnitchhl yoo nnecl opyy i st o bef ouindn tehnet iwroer lMda.n yo ft haen arcnheiswspta eprs hada s malclic ruliaotann wde rperi ntoends ucchh eappae pr thatth ehyav en ostu rvveidt hrea vagoefts i m.e Thisa lisso truoeft hpea mphloeftt hsae na rchiwshtiscw he rseo i mportant ins preadtihnemgie rs sagFeu.r thienrf ormattihoipnsr b oolne m cabn ef ounidnt hbei blipohyg.rS auffiictte o s atyh atth lea rge