A : y 0 00 01 3952771 7 ICE vines = : Edited by -- Stanley Schmidt Editor, ANALOG Magazin ier aa + { Includest John Gribbin'* Poul 4 Anderson * Tony Rothman L. Sprague de Camp ¢ David Brin * Arthur C. Clarke * K. Eric Drexler ¢ Gordon R. Woodcock * : $1995 The premier science-fiction monthly on planet Earth, ANALOG has long played a uniquely interactive role in the world scientific community. Edited and largely written by scien- tists and engineers, ANALOG has, since its founding in the 1930s, worked to foster a symbiosis between science fiction and science. For over sixty years, ANALOG has fired the imaginations of readers around the world with fiction offerings by such luminaries as Isaac Asimov, Robert Heinlein, and Gregory Benford. At the same time, it has brought layper- sons to the cutting edge of science fact and technology with the timely essay (or essays) contained in each issue. ANALOG Essays on Science brings together the best of ANALOG’s science-fact offerings of the past dec- ade. Selected by editor Stanley Schmidt, they comprise important contributions from some of the most respected science writers of our time, including Arthur C. Clarke, Poul Anderson, John Gribbin, and K. Eric Drexler. Covering a broad sweep of scientific knowledge, subject areas range from new attitudes about human evolu- tion, past and future, to the origins of the universe; recent scientific breakthroughs and technological in- novations and the search for extrater- restrial life; cybernetics and bionics; future possibilities for extended space flight, and even alien sex. Scientists and general readers alike will be delighted and stimulated by the essays contained in ANALOG Essays on Science. Offering a view to a world of ideas and fertile possibili- ties, it is a source of inspiration that readers will return to for many years to come. ANALOG ESSAYS ON. 5G LEWIGNE OTHER RELATED WILEY SCIENCE EDITIONS The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, by Thomas R. McDonough Seven Ideas that Shook the Universe, by Bryon D. Anderson and Nathan Spielberg Space: The Next Twenty-Five Years, Revised Edition, by Thomas R. McDonough The Body In Time, by Kenneth Jon Rose Clouds in a Glass of Beer, by Craig Bohren The Complete Book of Holograms,. by Joseph Kasper and Steven Feller The Scientific Companion, by Cesare Emiliani Starsailing, by Louis Friedman Mirror Matter, by Robert Forward and Joel Davis Gravity's Lens, by Nathan Cohen The Beauty of Light, by Ben Bova Cognizers: Neural Networks and Machines that Think, by Colin Johnson and Chappell Brown Inventing Reality: Physics as Language, by Bruce Gregory Planets Beyond: Discovering the Outer Solar System, by Mark Littmann The Starry Room, by Fred Schaaf Ozone Crisis: The 15-Year Evolution of a Sudden Global Emergency, by Sharon Roan Serendipity: Accidental Discoveries in Science, by Royston Roberts The Starflight Handbook: A Pioneer’s Guide to Interstellar Travel, by Eugene Mallove and Gregory Matloff ANALOG Ee oA Yo ON 5 Cre NiGe ee Davlek:D is wBoy, Stanley Schmidt WILEY WEL BY) oc, WEN Bo Bau OLIN S JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York ¢ Chichester * Brisbane Toronto * Singapore This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional service. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. FROM A DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES JOINTLY ADOPTED BY A COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION AND A COMMITTEE OF PUBLISHERS. Copyright © 1990 by Davis Publications, Inc. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada. Reproduction or translation of any part of this work beyond that permitted by section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to the Permission Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Analog essays on science/ edited by Stanley Schmidt. - cm. -- (Wiley science editions) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-471-50839-X ips1.o Sc ience. 2. Technologgy.y I.S chhmmiid t, Stan] ey. II. Analog. Q158.5F763 1990 89-37010 500--dc20 CIP Printed in the United States of America 90 9110987654321 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (Gs acknowledgment is made to the fol- lowing for permission to reprint their copy- righted material: Base Eight Arithmetic, Meteors and Man by John Gribbin, copyright © 1981 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Science & Creation by Poul Anderson, copyright © 1983 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of Scott Meredith Literary Agency, Inc.; The Long Stern Chase: A Speculative Exercise by Rick Cook, copyright © 1986 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Advanced Machining in Ancient Egypt? by Christopher P. Dunn, copyright © 1984 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; A Little More Pollution, Please! by George W. Harper, copyright © 1986 by Davis Publications, Inc. , reprinted by permission of the author; Demythologizing the Black Hole by Richard Matzner, Tsvi Piran, and Tony Roth- man, copyright © 1980 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the authors; Death Risk by Milton A. Rothman, copyright © 1980 by The Condé Nast Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Hot Rocks & Water by Richard Patrik Terra, copyright © 1985 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Memetics and the Modular Mind by H. Keith Henson, copyright © 1987 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Man’s Biological Future by L. Sprague deCamp, copyright © 1980 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Xenology: The New Science of Asking ‘‘Who’s Out There?’’ by David Brin, copyright © 1983 by Davis Pub- lications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Alien Sex by Robert A. Freitas, Jr., copyright © 1982 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; New Communications Technologies and the Developing World by Arthur C. Clarke, copyright © 1982 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of Scott Meredith Literary Agency, Inc.; Huntington’s Handle by Mark E. Peeples, copyright © 1987 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Space Tourism: The Door into the Space Age by Patrick Collins, copyright © 1988 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Exploring the Asteroids by Joel A. Davis, copyright © 1982 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; The Postdiluvian World by Stephen L. Gillett, copyright © 1985 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; Nano- technology by Chris Peterson and K. Eric Drexler, copyright © 1987 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the authors; 24th Century Medicine by Thomas Donaldson, copyright © 1988 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author; To the Stars! by Gordon R. Woodcock, copyright © 1983 by Davis Publications, Inc., reprinted by permission of the author.