An Enterprise Architecture Development Framework The Enterprise Reference Maps, Single Page Business Architecture, Metamodel SOA Design, Business Case and Strategic Planning for your Enterprise 4rdth Edition, electronic format Kindle Adrian Grigoriu practicing architecture for a very long time © Copyright 2005-20011 by Adrian Grigoriu The copyright for any material created by the author is reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, except in case of reviews, without the express written permission of the author. “I enjoyed reading this book. It was as if Grigoriu had laid out all the business and IT elements that make up an enterprise on a table and then played around until he could fit them all together into a single cube – an ingenious effort at puzzle solving… I would happily recommend this book to anyone who is already an experienced enterprise architect. This book is an excellent “graduate review” that will force you to think through lots of issues and consider how you might address them in your own architecture. I would also recommend this book to someone who was interested in the issues involved in building a business case for an Enterprise Architecture effort – the sections on benefits and costs are excellent and comprehensive – and I’d also recommend this book to someone who wanted to learn more about how to classify stakeholders. The section on strategy and stakeholders is outstanding”. Paul Harmon, the Executive Editor of Business Process Trends (www.bptrends.com), a recognized BPM analyst and consultant and the author of Business Process Change. The Problem: today's unresponding “legacy” Enterprise in a world of increasingly increasing complexity, amount of information, rate of change and competition. The Solution: the Enterprise Architecture (EA) offering streamlining, alignment, blueprinting, strategic planning, and agility through SOA, the target state of the Enterprise. The book describes: drivers, benefits and Business Case for an EA evaluating financial Payback and NPV the Return on Enterprise Architecture (RoEA) = RoEA Revenue /Costs arch arch Revenue /Costs noarch noarch a Single Page Enterprise Architecture, a synoptic view of the Enterprise operation Enterprise reference maps, covering business and technology architecture templates alignment of your on-going solutions architecture projects to the Enterprise Architecture a navigable EA framework and its metamodel describing the Value Chains, Business & Operating Models, Functions and Flows resourced by Organization and Technology layers classification of and mapping to other EA frameworks: Zachman, TOGAF, DoDAF… a unifying view of EA, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), Value Chains, Business Models, Processes (BPM) and IT Architecture, patching the divide between the Business and IT a best practices process for building the EA and SOA,, an EA development exercise, and how to use the framework for ITIL, M&A, Outsourcing, Start-ups… EA patterns, inhibitors, maturity models, politics & sell a Strategy specification process and alignment to business activities, organization and technology. “There are a few books that take a broad perspective, but most focus on creating an IT architecture. An Enterprise Architecture Development Framework, by Adrian Grigoriu, is a pleasant exception. Grigoriu takes a very comprehensive view of things and works to show how everything can be integrated within a broadly conceived view of things”. Paul Harmon, the Executive Editor of Business Process Trends (www.bptrends.com). CONTENTS AT A GLANCE 1. About the book 2. EA provides a competitive edge to the Enterprise 3. The Problem and Drivers for Change 4. Enterprise Architecture, The Solution 5. Enterprise Architecture Benefits 6. The Business Case and Return on EA (RoEA) 7. Technologies referred to, supporting the EA 8. EA Frameworks and Classification 9. The Function - Flow - Layer - View (FFLV) Framework design 10. Enterprise Reference Maps and Organization design 11. EA Patterns and Single Page Architecture 12. The FFLV Framework and navigation 13. The Enterprise wide IT Architecture 14. Service Oriented Architecture - SOA 15. Strategic Planning and Enterprise Transformation 16. The EA Development Process and Best Practices 17. An EA Design Exercise 18. Framework use cases for M&A, Outsourcing. ITIL... 19. The EA Governance, Program and the Architect role 20. EA Maturity, Value and Sell 21. EA Roadblocks, Culture and Politics 22. EA State, future Outlook and the Virtual Enterprise 23. Enterprise Architecture Recap References Acronyms About the Author TABLE of CONTENTS 1. About the book Why this book Outline Audience Review checklist 2. EA provides a competitive edge to the Enterprise Review checklist 3. The Problem and Drivers for Change The Problem Business Trends Business needs What business constantly requires from IT What the Government sector expects from IT Review checklist 4. Enterprise Architecture, The Solution EA, the Solution to the Enterprise Problem What is Enterprise Architecture (EA) EA definitions Own EA definition Review checklist 5. Enterprise Architecture Benefits Governance Benefits (G) Enables Business Modeling Improves Decision Making Aligns Technology to Business Processes and Goals Enables Agility, Faster Business Change Enhances Project Planning and Prioritization Accuracy Operational Benefits (O) Maximizes Reuse of Existing Assets Simplifies the Enterprise operation Aligns Organization to Enterprise operation Improves Operating Procedures Enhances Enterprise Processes Enables Activity Based Costing (ABC) Permits Faster New Product introduction Exploits Synergies between similar operations of the Enterprise Strategic Benefits (S) Maps Roadmaps to Architecture Facilitates Vendor Products Roadmaps alignment to EA Provides Agility to business change Enables Outsourcing and Mergers & Acquisitions Improves Risk Management Communication, Collaboration and Compliance Benefits (C) Improves Stakeholders’ Understanding and Communication Enhances Working with Suppliers and Partners Makes Regulatory Compliance possible Review checklist 6. The Business Case and Return on EA (RoEA) How do you ‘cost-justify’ Architecture Return on Enterprise Architecture (RoEA) Key benefits indicators table Quantifying the Costs and Revenue relative to the non EA case The EA development Revenue and Cost curves EA Payback and NPV Review checklist 7. Technologies referred to, supporting the EA Web Services (WS) and XML Enterprise Integration EAI/ESB Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) IT Information Library (ITIL) Control OBjectives for Information (COBIT) and Val IT Business Process Management (BPM) Six/Lean Sigma Capability Maturity Model (CMM) Business Process representation Porter's Value Chains Balanced Scorecard Compliance (SOX, BASEL II. HIPAA…) Agile Processes and Smart Deliveries Review checklist 8. EA Frameworks and Classification EA frameworks overview Zachman's EAP, Spewak's FEA Reference Model DODAF TOGAF Other: NGOSS/eTOM, PERA, E2AF, BPTrends EA Pyramid… An EA frameworks classification Review checklist 9. The Function - Flow - Layer - View (FFLV) Framework design An EA framework definition EA Framework in analogy to the Human Body EA Framework Entities This framework description and components The EA design approach, in short Enterprise Context, Stakeholders' Interactions/Use Cases The Business Functions The Business Flows Customer’s View of the Enterprise Owner's View of the Enterprise The Functional Architecture: Flows over Functions The EA Resource Layers: Technology and People A Function Stack consists of Business, Technology and People A Flow is executed by a sequence of Function Stacks EA Layer specific Views Business Layer Views: processes & orchestration, strategy & objectives Technology Layer Views People Layer Views: organization, culture, communications… Enterprise wide Views: Information, Security, Performance, Finance… The Information Architecture The Security View The Location (Where) View The Performance View The Planning and Evolution View The Financial View Architecture Principles Decoupling/Modularization Encapsulation Layering Hierarchical design Distribution agnostic Standardization Duplication minimization Technology Design Standards Design on SOA services with ESB and Web Services Employ Container/Application hosting technology (JAVA, .NET, Portal) Virtualise technology Use technology Appliances Converge data, voice and video networks Deploy Web interactive access for stakeholders Reuse, Buy or Build Review checklist 10. Enterprise Reference Maps and Organization design Organization design Business and Operating Model, Value Chain Business Models Operating Models Value Chains The Enterprise GODS map The IT EA Template The Business (Functions) Reference Map The GODS single page generic Business Architecture The Business Flows Reference Map