Table Of Content

INDEX (The following abbreviations refer to sections of the Journal: BN, Briefer Notices; BR, Book Reviews and Notes; CD, Current Developments; CE, Collected Essays; Corr., Correspond- ence; CP, Contemporary Practice of the US Relating to International Law; Ed., Editorial Comments; JD, International Decisions; LA, Leading Article; LOS Forum, Law of the Sea Forum; NC, Notes and Comments; OD, Official Documents. Other abbreviations include: EU, European Union; GATT, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; IC], International Court of Justice; ILC, International Law Commission; LOS Convention, Convention on the Law of the Sea; NAFTA, North American Free Trade Agreement; NGO, nongovernmental organiza- tion; UK, United Kingdom; UNCITRAL, United Nations Commission on International Trade Law; UNGA, United Nations General Assembly; US, United States.) Act of state, effect of foreign statute limiting Antonowicz, Lech, Podrecznik prawa miedzy- standing, ID 126-33 narodowego (Manual of International Law), Africa, human rights, 817-8 BR 846 Agreements, international Anuario Argentino de Derecho Internacional nonbinding, CP 515-9 (Vol. V, 1992-1993), CE 417 Recent U.S.-UK Practice Concerning the Arbitration Memorandum of Understanding, CD 821 hazardous wastes, 59-60 Aircraft crimes. See Aviation, Convention for the Heathrow Airport user charges, CP 738-44, Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety 822, 824, 826 of; ICAO Convention on Marking Plastic Ex- Argentina, claims re export controls, 257-8 plosives Aristide, Jean-Bertrand, and immunity, JD 528- Albania 32 asylum seekers, 376 Arms control and disarmament US claims against, 93-6 Chemical Weapons Convention, CP 323-36, Aldrich, George H., What Constitutes a Compen- CP 753-65 highly enriched uranium, 760-2 sable Taking of Property? The Decisions of the nuclear weapons, 757-64 Iran—United States Claims Tribunal, LA 585 riot control agents, CP 753-65 Alexander, Lewis M. See Charney, Jonathan I. Alexander, Yonah, International Terrorism: Polit- Trilateral Statement, CP 758-60 Arms Project of Human Rights Watch/Physicians ical and Legal Documents, BN 218 for Human Rights, Landmines: A Deadly Leg- Alfredsson, Gudmundur. See Eide, Asbjorn Aliens acy, BR 565 Australian Yearbook of International Law 1992, new German refugee law, CD 361 CE 417 US high seas interdiction of Haitians, JD Aviation, Heathrow Airport user chargers, CP 114-26 738-44, 822, 824, 826. See also Aviation, Con- Alston, Philip (ed.), The United Nations and Hu- vention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts man Rights. A Critical Appraisal, BR 386 against the Safety of; ICAO Convention on Alvarez, Jose E., BR of Gregg, of Independent Marking Plastic Explosives Advisory Group on U.N. Financing, and of Rob- Aviation, Convention for the Suppression of erts & Kingsbury, 827 Unlawful Acts against the Safety of (1971), ICJ Amici curiae Lockerbie decision re, 144, 645-7 disadvantages, 612 English common law, 616 Baker, Betsy, BR of Sand, 198 function, 617 Baker, James E. See Reisman, W. Michael NGOs in international adjudication, LA 611 Barnes, James N., BR of Francioni, 569 role in national courts, 616-9 Basel Convention on the Transboundary Move- statistics, 618-9 ment of Hazardous Wastes and Their Dis- Andronovici, Constantin, Drept International posal (1989), liability regime, LA 24 Public (Public International Law), BN 218 Bassiouni, M. Cherif, 500, 502 Anguilla. See Caribbean Crimes Against Humanity in International Antitrust Criminal Law, BR 204 Canadian blocking statutes, JD 532-9 The United Nations Commission of Experts extraterritorial reach of Sherman Act, JD Established Pursuant to Security Council 109-14 Resolution 780 (1992), CD 784 876 INDEX (The following abbreviations refer to sections of the Journal: BN, Briefer Notices; BR, Book Reviews and Notes; CD, Current Developments; CE, Collected Essays; Corr., Correspond- ence; CP, Contemporary Practice of the US Relating to International Law; Ed., Editorial Comments; JD, International Decisions; LA, Leading Article; LOS Forum, Law of the Sea Forum; NC, Notes and Comments; OD, Official Documents. Other abbreviations include: EU, European Union; GATT, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; IC], International Court of Justice; ILC, International Law Commission; LOS Convention, Convention on the Law of the Sea; NAFTA, North American Free Trade Agreement; NGO, nongovernmental organiza- tion; UK, United Kingdom; UNCITRAL, United Nations Commission on International Trade Law; UNGA, United Nations General Assembly; US, United States.) Act of state, effect of foreign statute limiting Antonowicz, Lech, Podrecznik prawa miedzy- standing, ID 126-33 narodowego (Manual of International Law), Africa, human rights, 817-8 BR 846 Agreements, international Anuario Argentino de Derecho Internacional nonbinding, CP 515-9 (Vol. V, 1992-1993), CE 417 Recent U.S.-UK Practice Concerning the Arbitration Memorandum of Understanding, CD 821 hazardous wastes, 59-60 Aircraft crimes. See Aviation, Convention for the Heathrow Airport user charges, CP 738-44, Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety 822, 824, 826 of; ICAO Convention on Marking Plastic Ex- Argentina, claims re export controls, 257-8 plosives Aristide, Jean-Bertrand, and immunity, JD 528- Albania 32 asylum seekers, 376 Arms control and disarmament US claims against, 93-6 Chemical Weapons Convention, CP 323-36, Aldrich, George H., What Constitutes a Compen- CP 753-65 highly enriched uranium, 760-2 sable Taking of Property? The Decisions of the nuclear weapons, 757-64 Iran—United States Claims Tribunal, LA 585 riot control agents, CP 753-65 Alexander, Lewis M. See Charney, Jonathan I. Alexander, Yonah, International Terrorism: Polit- Trilateral Statement, CP 758-60 Arms Project of Human Rights Watch/Physicians ical and Legal Documents, BN 218 for Human Rights, Landmines: A Deadly Leg- Alfredsson, Gudmundur. See Eide, Asbjorn Aliens acy, BR 565 Australian Yearbook of International Law 1992, new German refugee law, CD 361 CE 417 US high seas interdiction of Haitians, JD Aviation, Heathrow Airport user chargers, CP 114-26 738-44, 822, 824, 826. See also Aviation, Con- Alston, Philip (ed.), The United Nations and Hu- vention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts man Rights. A Critical Appraisal, BR 386 against the Safety of; ICAO Convention on Alvarez, Jose E., BR of Gregg, of Independent Marking Plastic Explosives Advisory Group on U.N. Financing, and of Rob- Aviation, Convention for the Suppression of erts & Kingsbury, 827 Unlawful Acts against the Safety of (1971), ICJ Amici curiae Lockerbie decision re, 144, 645-7 disadvantages, 612 English common law, 616 Baker, Betsy, BR of Sand, 198 function, 617 Baker, James E. See Reisman, W. Michael NGOs in international adjudication, LA 611 Barnes, James N., BR of Francioni, 569 role in national courts, 616-9 Basel Convention on the Transboundary Move- statistics, 618-9 ment of Hazardous Wastes and Their Dis- Andronovici, Constantin, Drept International posal (1989), liability regime, LA 24 Public (Public International Law), BN 218 Bassiouni, M. Cherif, 500, 502 Anguilla. See Caribbean Crimes Against Humanity in International Antitrust Criminal Law, BR 204 Canadian blocking statutes, JD 532-9 The United Nations Commission of Experts extraterritorial reach of Sherman Act, JD Established Pursuant to Security Council 109-14 Resolution 780 (1992), CD 784 876 1994] INDEX Bederman, David J., BR of Mapp, 403 Canada Bernal, Marie-Louise H., BR of Goedan, 414 blocking statutes, JD 532-9 Bhopal gas disaster, termination of US litigation, conflicts of law, JD 532-9 ID 126-33 Foreign Extraterritorial Measures Act, 533- Bianchi, Andrea, BR of de Bellis, 212 9 Bierzanek, Remigiusz, & Janusz Symonides, Immigration Act, 367-8, 370 Prawo miedzynarodowe publicizne (Public In- See also St. Pierre and Miquelon ternational Law), BR 846 Caribbean, US-UK Treaties on delimitation, CP Bilder, Richard B., Book Reviews and Notes, 179, 519-21 383, 550, 827 Carter, Kim, BR of McCoubrey & White, 394 Birnie, Patricia W., & Alan E. Boyle, International Case Law on UNCITRAL Texts (CLOUT), 344-5 Law and the Environment, BR 408 Cassese, Antonio, on international law in internal Blay, Sam, & Andreas Zimmermann, Recent law, 427-9, 447 Changes in German Refugee Law: A Critical Cassese, Antonio, Andrew Clapham & Joseph Assessment, CD 361 Weiler (eds.), European Union: The Human Bloed, Arie, Liselotte Leicht, Manfred Nowak & Rights Challenge. Vol. 11, Human Rights and Allan Rosas (eds.), Monitoring Human Rights the European Community: Methods of Protec- in Europe. Comparing International Proce- tion. Vol. III, Human Rights and the European dures and Mechanisms, BR 561 Community: The Substantive Law, BR 559 Blum, Yehuda Z., Eroding the United Nations Central-Eastern European Constitutions Charter, BR 552 accession to international organizations, Bocalandro, Laura, BR of Gutiérrez Espada, 555 446-7 Bodansky, Daniel M. BR of Birnie & Boyle, and of contemporary international law and, 430-2 Hohmann, 408 general international law, 445-6 Bodin, Jean, republicanism, 289-90, 293 international law in, LA 427-50 Book Reviews and Notes, 179, 383, 550, 827 practice before democratization, 432-4 Bosnia status of treaties, 444-5 NATO action, CP 522-5 Cerna, Christina M., BR of Delmas-Marty & war crimes prosecution and peace, Ed. 500- Chodkiewicz, 206 6, Corr. 715-8 Charney, Jonathan I. See also Yugoslavia ID 105-9 Bourloyannis-Vrailas, M.-Christiane. See Morris, Progress in International Maritime Bound- Virginia ary Delimitation Law, LA 227 Boyle, Alan E. See Birnie, Patricia W. U.S. Provisional Application of the 1994 British Virgin Islands. See Caribbean Deep Seabed Agreement, LOS 705 (The) British Year Book of International Law Charney, Jonathan I., & Lewis M. Alexander 1992, CE 417 (eds.), International Maritime Boundaries (2 Brélmann, Catherine, René Lefeber, & Marjo- vols.), BR 179 leine Zieck (eds.), Peoples and Minorities in In- Chemical Weapons Convention. See Convention ternational Law, BR 388 on the Prohibition of the Development, Produc- Brown, Bartram S., The United States and the Po- tion, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons liticization of the World Bank. Issues of Interna- and on Their Destruction tional Law and Policy, BR 397 China Brown, Chris, International Relations Theory: human rights, 745-8, 816 New Normative Approaches, BR 550 most-favored-nation trade status, CP 745-8 Brunnée, Jutta, BR of Kiss & Shelton, 859 Chinese Yearbook of International Law and Af- Brunner, Manfred, Treaty on European Union, fairs, Vol. 10 (1990-1991), CE 219, Vol. 11 540-1 (1991-1992), CE 577 Buergenthal, Thomas. See Sohn, Louis B. Chodkiewicz, Christine. See Delmas-Marty, Mi- Bulgaria. See Central—Eastern European Consti- reille tutions Choice of law, hazardous wastes, LA 37 Bunn, George Civitas Maxima: Wolff, Vattel and the Fate of Re- Arms Control by Committee: Managing Ne- publicanism, LA 280 gotiations with the Russians, BR 395 Claims BR of Schrag, 189 against Albania, CP 93-6 Burma/Myanmar, human rights, 815, 816 hazardous waste, LA 24—75 Butler, W. E., BR of Kross, 863 settlement legislation, CP 314-7 Cairo Guidelines and Principles for the Environ- See also lran—United States Claims Tribunal mentally Sound Management and Disposal of Claims Settlement Declaration (establishing Hazardous Wastes (1987), 34 Iran-US Claims Tribunal, 1981), 588, 591 878 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 88 Clapham, Andrew, European Union: The Human Croatia. See Central—Eastern European Constitu- Rights Challenge, Vol. I: Human Rights and tions the European Community: A Critical Overview, Crook, John R. BR 559. See also Cassese, Antonio BR of Van Hof, 193 Clinton, William J. The Fiftieth Session of the UN Commission on Caribbean maritime boundaries, 519 on Human Rights, CD 806 on Chemical Weapons Convention, 323 Cuba, human rights, 816 on China, CP 745 Czechoslovakia on conventional weapons, 748-9 Constitution and international law, LA 429 Moscow Declaration, 754-6 Czech and Slovak Federation after 1989, on NATO action in Bosnia, CP 522-5 434-40 Cohen, Ronald, Goran Hyden, & Winston P. Na- Czech Republic Constitution, 440-2 gan (eds.), Human Rights and Governance in developments in two Republics before 2isso- Africa, BR 856 lution, 439-40 Cold War, repealing US law reflecting, Ed. 506 experience before 1989, 433-4 Comity supremacy for human rights treaties, 435-6 in federal state, 535-9 US recognition of Indian judgment, 131-3 Communism, in US law, Ed. 506 D’Amato, Anthony, Peace vs. Accountability in Compensation Bosnia, Ed. 500; Corr. on, 715, 717 for GATT-illegal measures, 486-7 Danilenko, Gennady M., The New Russian Con- hazardous waste, LA 24 stitution and International Law, LA 451 US claims against Albania, CP 93-6 de Bellis, Saverio, L’immunita delle organizza- See also Iran—United States Claims Tribunal zioni internazionali dalla giurisdizione, BR 212 Conflicts of law, Canada, JD 532-9 de Guttry, Andrea, and Natalino Ronzitti (eds.), Conforti, Benedetto, International Law and the The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and the Law of Role of Domestic Legal Systems, BR 840 Naval Warfare, BN 865 Congo-Brazzaville, recognition of judgment, de Mestral, Armand, BR of Touscoz, 553 268-9 Death penalty, Jamaica, JD 775-83 Contemporary Practice of the United States Re- (The) Degrees of Self-Determination in the lating to International Law, 89, 312, 515, 719 United Nations Era, Ed. 304 Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Dekker, Ige F., & Harry H. G. Post (eds.), The Damage, 49-52, 57, 68, 72 Gulf War of 1980-1988. The Iran-Iraq War in Convention on International Liability for Dam- International Legal Perspective, BR 401 age Caused by Space Objects (1972), 59-60 Delaume, Georges R. Convention on the Limitation Period in the In- ID 340-2 ternational Sale of Goods (1980), CP 103-4 The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act and Convention on the Prohibition of the Develop- Public Debt Litigation: Some Fifteen Years ment, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Later, LA 257 Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction Delbriick, Jost, BR of Lillich, 191 (1993) Dellapenna, Joseph W., ID 528-32 activities not prohibited under, 330-1 Delmas-Marty, Mireille, & Christine Chodkiewicz amendments, 334 (eds.), The European Convention for the Pro- destruction requirements, 326-30 tection of Human Rights: Internatiorial Protec- national implementation, 335-6 tion versus National Restrictions, Bi? 206 organizational bodies, 333-5 Denmark, Jan Mayen boundary delimitation, JD reservations, 334-5 105-9 review conferences, 335 Diamant, Betinio, BN of Andronovici, 218 riot control agents, 329-30, CP 753-4 Diaz, Luis Miguel, BR of Fernandez de Casade- transmittal to Senate, CP 323-36 vante Romani, 200 verification of compliance, 331-3 Diplomatic intervention, hazardous wastes, 42 Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on Diplomatic missions, CP 728-33 the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Diplomatic privileges and immunities, CP 312- (1980), transmittal to Senate, CP 748-53, 684— 3 5, 686 Diplomatic relations, reestablishment of US-Al- Conventional Weapons Convention. See Conven- banian, 93 tion on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use Dispute settlement of Certain Conventional Weapons and countermeasures in ILC, 14—5, 136-7, Costa Rica, waiver of immunity, 276-7 Ed. 471 Crawford, James, The ILC’s Draft Statute for an under GATT and World Trade Organization, International Criminal Tribunal, CD 140 479-86 1994] INDEX See also International Court of Justice Fontes Turis Gentium, Corr. on, 311, 513 Dispute Settlement and Countermeasures in the Force, use of International Law Commission, Ed. 471 Russian Constitution, 468-70 Dominick, Mary F., BR of Hilf & Petersmann, 862 under UN Charter, 12-3 Donoghue, Joan E., BR of Hurrell & Kingsbury, (The) Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act and 411 Public Debt Litigation: Some Fifteen Years Drinan, Robert F., BR of Forsythe, 851 Later, LA 257 Forsythe, David P., Human Rights and Peace. In- East Timor, human rights, 816 ternational and National Dimensions, BR 851 Economic sanctions, US, against Vietnam, CP (The) Forty-fifth Session of the International Law 521-2 Commission, CD 134 Eide, Asbjorn, Gudmundur Alfredsson, & Géran France. See St. Pierre and Miquelon Melander, et al. (eds.), The Universal Declara- Francioni, Francesco (ed.), International Environ- tion of Human Rights: A Commentary, BR 557 mental Law for Antarctica, BR 569 ElBaradei, Mohamed M., Edwin I. Nwogugu, & Franckx, Erik, Maritime Claims in the Arctic: Ca- John M. Rames (eds.), The International Law of nadian and Russian Perspectives, BR 405 Nuclear Energy (2 vols.), BN 867 Frowein,J .A ., Corr. on Fontes Iuris Gentium, 513 El Salvador, maritime boundary delimitation with (The) Future of the United Nations Convention Honduras, LA 227 on the Law of the Sea, Ed. 488 Ely, John Hart, War and Responsibility. Constitu- tional Lessons of Vietnam and Its Aftermath, BR 843 Gardam, Judith Gail, Non-Combatant Immunity Environment as a Norm of International Humanitarian Law, Gab¢ikovo-Nagymaros dam project, 625-6 BR 391 impact statement and NAFTA, JD 526-7 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade maritime discharge of oil, 49-50 dispute settlement, 479-86 movement of hazardous wastes, LA 24 appellate review, 483-5 See also Law of the sea, Marine environment panels, 481-3 Estonia. See Central—Eastern European Constitu- Understanding on Dispute Settlement, tions ; 480-1 European Convention for the Protection of Hu- Uruguay Round, CP 320-2, Ed. 477 man Rights and Fundamental Freedoms Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf (1950) (1958), equidistance/special circumstances case law involving amici, 630-8 rule, JD 105-9, 244-5, 255-6 torture under, 779-81 Geneva Conventions for the protection of war European Court of Human Rights, participation victims (1949), and customary law, 79-80 of NGOs, 615, 616, 630-8 Geneva Conventions for the protection of war European Court of Justice, participation of victims, Additional Protocol I to (1977) NGOs, 628-30 changed circumstances, 682-4 European Union, ultra vires acts and national creation of customary law, 681-2 courts, ID 539-49 practice of war and, 681 Expropriation, 587-8 universality, 685-6 US ratification, Ed. 678 Fechner, Frank, Rechtlicher Schutz archio- Genocide, Convention on the Prevention and logischen Kulturguts. Regelungen im inner- Punishment of the Crime of (1948) staatlichen Recht, im Europa- und Volkerrecht Bosnia IC] case, 421, 567-8, 669, 674 sowie MOéglichkeiten zu ihrer Verbesserung, BR Corr. on crimes in Bosnia, 715 574 and statute of international criminal tri- Ferencz, Benjamin B. bunal, 144-5 BR of Bassiouni, 204 Geraci, Thomas A., BR of Finnie, 398 Corr. on war crimes in Bosnia, 717 Germany Fernandez de Casadevante Romani, Carlos, La actions of EU organs, /D 539-49 protecci6n del medio ambiente en derecho in- constitutionality of Treaty on European ternacional, derecho comunitario europeo y Union, ID 539-44 derecho espanol, BR 200 international law in domestic law, 428 Fields, William S., ID 337-40 new refugee law, CD 361 (The) Fiftieth Session of the UN Commission on determination of secure third states, Human Rights, CD 806 370-3 Finnie, David H., Shifting Lines in the Sand: Ku- international law and, 363-4 wait’s Elusive Frontier with Iraq, BR 398 procedural aspects of new law, 375-7 Fitzpatrick, Joan, BR of Schabas, 182 state of first refuge, 365-7 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW restrictions under, 364-75 Human rights territorial link, 367-9 Africa, 817-8 Gill, David G., JD 109-14 anti-Semitism, 808-9 Girtel, Kim, & Barry Mawhinney, Fourth Legal Burma/Myanmar, 815, 816 Advisers’ Meeting at UN Headquarters in New China, 745-8, 816 York, CD 379 civil defense forces, 812-3 Goedan, Juergen Christoph, International Legal Cuba, 816 Bibliographies: A Worldwide Guide and Cri- Czechoslovakia, 435-6 tique, BR 414 East Timor, 816 Goldberg, Arthur, on amicus curiae, 617 economic, social and cultural rights, 160-3, Gorove, Stephen, Developments in Space Law: Is- 819 sues and Policies, BR 194 expansion of concept, 17 Gottlieb, Gidon, Nation Against State. A New Ap- 50th session of UN Commission, CD 806 proach to Ethnic Conflicts and the Decline of Iran, 816 Sovereignty, BR 831 Jammu and Kashmir, 816-7 Gowlland-Debbas, Vera, The Relationship be- litigation, 614-6, 630-40 tween the International Court of Justice and Middle East, 807-8 the Security Council in the Light of the Locker- migrant workers, 820 bie Case, LA 643 minorities, 819-20 Green, L. C., BR of Gardam, 391 Papua New Guinea, 817 Gregg, Robert W., About Face? The United States Racial Discrimination Convention, CP 721-8 and the United Nations, BR 827 reconceptualization, 813-5 Groarke, John P. right to development, 819 BN of Alexander, 218 Russian Constitution, 467 BR of Sunga, 205 Rwanda, 820-1 Gunn, T. Jeremy, BR of Korey, 854 South Africa, 808 Gurr, Ted Robert, Minorities at Risk: A Global Sri Lanka, 817 View of Ethno-political Conflicts, BR 831 standard setting, 810-2 Gutiérrez Espada, Cesareo, Hacia un compendio Sudan, 817 de derecho internacional publico, BR 555 torture and degrading treatment, JD 775-83 women, CD 152, 809-10 Haiti, US high seas interdiction of citizens, JD Yugoslavia, 817 114-26 Zaire, 817 Han, Henry H., Terrorism & Political Violence: See also Genocide Limits & Possibilities of Legal Control, BR 201 Hungary, GabCcikovo-Nagymaros dam project, Hathaway, James C., BR of Sohn & Buergenthal, 625-6. See also Central-Eastern European 564 Constitutions Hazardous wastes. See Environment Hurrell, Andrew, & Benedict Kingsbury (eds.), Head-of-state immunity, and Haiti’s Aristide, JD The International Politics of the Environment, 528-32 BR 411 Hess, Burkhard, Staatenimmunitat bei Distanz- Hyden, Goran. See Cohen, Ronald delikten. Der private Klager im Schnittpunkt von zivilgerichtlichem und vélkerrechtlichem Rechtsschutz, BR 210 ICAO Convention on Marking Plastic Explo- Hewison, Grant. See Van Dyke, Jon M. sives (1991), CP 89-93 Highet, Keith, BR of Jennings & Watts, 383 Iceland/Jan Mayen maritime boundary, /D Highet, Keith, & George Kahale III, Interna- 105-9, LA 253 tional Decisions, 105, 337, 526, 766 (The) ILC’s Draft Statute for an International Hilf, Meinhard, & Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann Criminal Tribunal, CD 140 (eds.), National Constitutions and Interna- Independent Advisory Group on U.N. Financing, tional Economic Law, BR 862 Financing an Effective United Nations, BR 827 Hirsch, Moshe, The Arbitration Mechanism of Inter-American Court of Human Rights, partici- the International Center for the Settlement of pation of NGOs, 615, 638-40 Investment Disputes, BR 572 Internal law, international law in, LA 427. See Hobbes, Thomas, and republicanism, 283, 288, also Russian Constitution 290-1, 295, 302 International Agreements: Recent U.S.-UK Prac- Hohmann, Harald (ed.), Basic Documents of In- tice Concerning the Memorandum of Under- ternational Environmental Law (Vols. 1-3), BR standing, CD 821 408 International Convention on the Elimination of Honduras, maritime boundary delimitation with All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965), El Salvador, LA 227 Senate consideration of, CP 721-8 1994] INDEX 881 International Court of Justice International Sale of Goods, Convention on the advisory opinions, 8 Limitation Period in (1974), transmittal to annual report to UNGA, 421-4 Senate, 103-4 dichotomy between legal and political dis- International trade putes, 648-55 countervailing duties, JD 770-5 guardian of legality, 8, 662-73 most-favored-nation status for China, CP independent exercise of judicial function, 745-8 673-6 multinational corporations, JD 766-9 indexing opinions, Corr. 311, Corr, 513 privatization, ID 770-5 legal authority for judicial control, 663-5 taxation and federalism, JD 766-9 Lockerbie case, 8, 144, LA 643 Uruguay Round conclusion, CP 320-2, Ed. maritime boundary delimitation, JD 105, LA 477 227 Iran, human rights, 816. See also Iran—United participation of NGOs, 612-4, 619-28, States Claims Tribunal 641-2 Iran-United States Claims Tribunal possible opinion on extraterritorial jurisdic- acts giving rise to liability, 587-603 tion, 357-8 acts not attributable to Iran, 604-5 relationship between judicial settlement and compensable takings of property, LA 585 sanctions, 658-61 de facto nationalization cases, 587, 594-8 relationship with UN Security Council, LA failures of proof, 607-9 643 government-appointed managers or supervi- and review of UN resolutions, 669-73 sors, 588-94 role regarding maintenance of peace and se- intent, 603 curity, 661-76 interference with bank accounts, 606-7 and teleological interpretation, 665-9 lawful regulations, 605-6 triennial elections of five members, CD 178 nationalization cases, 587-8 International Covenant on Civil and Political physical seizure of property, 598-600 Rights, 83-4 property lost solely through revolutionary International Decisions, 105, 337, 526, 766 turmoil, 607-8 International documents, non-legally binding Iraq, claims settlement legislation, CP 314-7 character, CP 515-9 International Law Commission Jamaica, death penalty, JD 775 criminal responsibility of states, 137-8 Jammu and Kashmir, human rights, 816-7 dispute settlement and countermeasures, Janis, Mark W., BR of Merrills, 562 14-5, 136-7, Ed. 471 Jennings, Robert Y. Draft Code of Crimes against the Peace and on impact of IC] decisions, 641 Security of Mankind, 141-3, 152, 349-50, speech to UN General Assembly, OD 421 353, 717, 804-5 Jennings, Robert, & Arthur Watts (eds.), Oppen- forty-fifth session, CD 134-40, 349-53 heim’s International Law, Vol. I, Peace (2 governmental attitudes re countermeasures, vols.), BR 383 475-7 Jiménez de Aréchaga, Eduardo, memorial on, NC international criminal court draft statute, 512 134-5, CD 140, 350-1, 353, 716 Jones, Thomas David, JD 114-26 international liability for injurious conse- Joyner, Christopher C., BR of Dekker & Post, 401 quences arising out of acts not prohibited Judicial assistance, Tribunal on former Yugosla- by international law, 138-9, 352 via, 150-1 international watercourses, 139-40, 352-3 Juenger, Friedrich K., Choice of Law and Multi- lawmaking role, 4-5 state Justice, BR 184 proposals for compulsory dispute settlement, Jurisdiction 473-4 Canadian blocking statutes, JD 532-9 International Law Implications of the 1994 domestic, and human rights, 17 Agreement, LOS 696 extraterritorial, in antitrust actions, JD 109 International Law in Internal Law: Toward Inter- extraterritorial, request for IC] opinion, nationalization of Central-Eastern Europeatri 357-8 Constitutions?, LA 427 of ICJ without parties’ agreement, 254-5 International Legal Materials, Contents, 224, of international criminal court, 142, 143-7 425, 571, 871 See also Sovereign immunity International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund, 57-8 Kahale George, III, & Keith Highet, Interna- International organizations tional Decisions, 105, 337, 526, 766 participation at ICJ, 620-5, 642 Kamminga, Menno T., Inter-State Accountability relationship with member states, JD 539-49 for Violations of Human Rights, BR 415 882 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 88 Kenney, William Sumner, BR of McClean, 214 Libya, and Lockerbie case, 8, 144, 643-77 Kingsbury, Benedict, BR of Nardin & Mapel, 838. Lillich, Richard B. (ed.), Fact-Finding Before In- See also Hurrell, Andrew; Roberts, Adam ternational Tribunals, BR 191 Kirgis, Frederic L., Jr. Lithuania. See Central-Eastern European Consti- The Degrees of Self-Determination in the tutions United Nations Era, Ed. 304 Lobel, Jules, BR of Reisman & Baker, 187 BR of Blum, 552 Lowe, Vaughan, BR of Weiss, 196 Kiss, Alexandre, & Dinah Shelton, Manual of Eu- Lowenfeld, Andreas F. ropean Environmental Law, BR 859 BR of Juenger, 184-7 Korey, William, The Promises We Keep: Human Remedies along with Rights: Institutional Rights, the Helsinki Process, and American Reform in the New GATT, Ed. 477 Foreign Policy, BR 854 Kross, Jaan, Professor Martens’ Departure, BR 863 McCaffrey, Stephen C., BR of Stone, 567 McClean, David, International Judicial Assist- Law of the sea ance, BR 214 Exclusive economic zone, coastal resources, McCoubrey, Hilaire, & Nigel D. White, Interna- 496-8 tional Law and Armed Conflict, BR 394 Fisheries, 105-9, 237-40, 246-9, 497-8, McDorman, Ted L., BR of Franckx, and of Young 519-20 & Osherenko, 405 High seas, deep seabed mining, LOS 687, CP Machiavelli, Niccold, republicanism of, 281, 283- 733-8 4, 289, 291 Marine environment, 494-6 McNeill, John H., International Agreements: Re- marine scientific research, 498 cent U.S.-UK Practice Concerning the Memo- maritime boundary delimitation, JD 105-9, randum of Understanding, CD 821 INFS SsI aa LA 227, CP 519-21 Madison, James, and sources doctrine, 300-1, historical and conventional rights, 234— 302 6 Maier, Harold G., BR of Conforti, 840 islands, 240-1 Mangone, Gerard J., BR of Société Francaise maximum reach, 247-9 pour le Droit International, 209 nongeographic considerations, 236-40 Mapel, David R. See Nardin, Terry procedure, 233-4 Mapp, Wayne, The Iran—-United States Claims proportionality, 241-3 Tribunal: The First Ten Years, 1981-1991, BR single maritime boundary, 245-7 403 third states, 249-51 Mawhinney, Barry, & Kim Girtel, Fourth Legal Fwp—See—Wes — S UN Convention Advisers’ Meeting at UN Headquarters in New Agreement Relating to Part XI, LOS York, CD, 379 687, CP 733-8 Melander, Goran. See Eide, Asbjorn Se communications, 493—4 Meron, Theodor ————————— future of, Ed. 488 Corr. on Ed. by, 88 international security, 493-4 The Time Has Come for the United States to trade, 493-4 Ratify Geneva Protocol I, Ed. 678 US interests in, CD 167, 490-1, 492, War Crimes in Yugoslavia and the Develop- 734-7 ment of International Law, Ed. 78 Law of the Sea Forum: The 1994 Agreement on Merrills, J. G. Implementation of the Seabed Provisions of BR of Cassese, Clapham & Weiler, and of the Convention on the Law of the Sea, 687-96 Clapham, 559 Lee, John M., Robert von Pagenhardt, & Timothy The Development of International Law by W. Stanley, To Unite Our Strength. Enhancing the European Court of Human Rights (2d the United Nations Peace and Security System, ed.), BR 562 BN 216 Michalickova, Zdenka, BN of Nascimbene, 218 Lefeber, René. See Brélmann, Catherine Middle East, isuman rights, 807-8 Leibniz, G. W., and republicanism, 294-6 Milhollin, Gary, BN of ElBaradei, Nwogugu & Leicht, Liselotte. See Bloed, Arie Rames, 867 Leigh, Monroe, ID, 526-7 - Morris, Virginia, & M.-Christiane Bourloyannis- Levie, Howard S., BR of Arms Project of Human Vrailas, The Work of the Sixth Committee at Rights Watch/Physicians for Human Rights, the Forty-eighth Session of the UN General As- 565 sembly, CD 343 Liberalism, and 18th-century republicanism, Moscow Declaration (1994), on US-Russian rela- 280-2, 302-3 tions, 754-6 1994] 883 Murphy, Sean D. proche juridique des droits de l"homme entre BR of Ely, 843 tradition et modernité, BR 856 Prospective Liability Regimes for the Trans- Oxman, Bernard H., The 1994 Agreement and boundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, the Convention, LOS 687 LA 24 Oxman, Bernard H., & John R. Stevenson, The Muzaffar, Chandra, Human Rights and the New Future of the United Nations Convention on World Order, BR 852 the Law of the Sea, Ed. 488 Nagan, Winston P. See Cohen, Ronald Palau, Republic of, guarantors of loans, 273-4 Nardin, Terry, & David R. Mapel (eds.), Tradi- Palestine Liberation Organization tions of International Ethics, BR 838 closure of UN Observer Mission, 669 Nascimbene, Bruno, Lo straniero nel diritto ita- designation of Office as foreign mission, CP liano, BN 218 731-3 Nash (Leich), Marian, Contemporary Practice of Panel on the Law of Ocean Uses, United States the United States Relating to International Interests in the Law of the Sea Convention, CD Law, 89, 312, 515, 719 167 Nationalization. See Iran—United States Claims Panjabi, R. K. L., BR of Kamminga, 415 Tribunal Papua New Guinea, human rights, 817 NATO, action in Bosnia, CP, 522-5 (The) Participation of Nongovernmental Organi- Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 1993 zations in International Judicial Proceedings, (Vol. 24), CE 868 LA 611 New international economic order, UNGA Sixth Paust, Jordan J. Committee on law, 355 Corr. on rape as war crime, 88 (The) New Russian Constitution and Interna- Corr. on war crimes in Bosnia, 715 tional Law, LA 451 Pazartzis, Photini, Les engagements internatio- Nicaragua, intervenor in IC] case, 234—5, 249- naux en matiére de réglement pacifique des 51 différends entre états, BR 571 (The) 1994 Agreement and the Convention, LOS Peace vs. Accountability in Bosnia, Ed. 500 687 Peacemaking, creation of a command and staff Nongovernmental organizations college, Ed. 76 as amici curiae, LA 611 Permanent Court of International Justice, non- public and private distinguished, 622 state access, 613, 620-3, 627-8 Nordic Convention on the Protection of the En- Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich. See Hilf, Meinhard vironment, 47-8 Peterson, M. J., BR of Roth, 413 North American Free Trade Agreement, judicial Phillips, Barry, JD 775-83 review, [D 526-7 Poland, as secure third state, 371-3. See also Cen- Northern Mariana Islands, Covenant to Estab- tral-Eastern European Constitutions lish a Commonwealth of, self-government Polish Academy of Sciences, Prawa Cztowieka: under, JD 337-40 model prawny (Human Rights: Legal Model), Norway, Jan Mayen delimitation, JD 105-9, LA BR 846 227 Polish Yearbook of International Law 1991-1992 Nowak, Manfred. See Bloed, Arie (Vol. 19), CE 868 Nuremberg Charter, 83-6 Post, Harry H. G. See Dekker, Ige F. Nuremberg Tribunal, 501, 715, 788, 789 Preparing to Wage Peace: Toward the Creation of Nwogugu, Edwin I. See ElBaradei, Mohamed M. an International Peacemaking Command and Staff College, Ed. 76 Private international law O’Connell, Mary Ellen, BN of Lee, von Pagen- hazardous wastes, 48-56, 70-1 hardt & Stanley, 216 international sale of goods, CP 103-4 Oliver, John T., BN of de Guttry and Ronzitti, Progress in International Maritime Boundary De- 865 limitation Law, LA 227 Onuf, Nicholas Greenwood Prospective Liability Regimes for the Transbound- BR of Wolfke, 556 ary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, LA 24 Civitas Maxima: Wolff, Vattel and the Fate Protocol of Managua (1993), on democracy and of Republicanism, LA 280 poverty, CP 719-21 Organization of American States, Protocols of Protocol of Washington (1992), on democracy Amendment to Charter, CP 719-21 and poverty, CP 719-21 Osherenko, Gail. See Young, Oran Public debt litigation Ouguergouz, Fatsah, La Charte africaine des characterization, 258-63 droits de homme et des peuples. Une ap- constitutional constraints, 263-6 884 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 88 jurisdictional issues, 258-67 Rothblatt, Martine Aliana, BR of Gorove, 194 measures of execution, 266-7 Rubin, Alfred P., BR of Watson, 576 and sovereign immunity, LA 257 Russian Constitution waivers of immunity, 267-77 Committee of Constitutional Supervision, 460 Rames, John M. See ElBaradei, Mohamed M. Constitutional Court, 456-7, 462—4 Rape Declaration of the Rights and Freedoms of as war crime, Corr. 88 Person and Citizen, 461-2 World Conference Programme of Action, human rights, 467 156-7 and international law, 445-6, LA 451 UN Commission of Experts and, 794, 796, international law as part of domestic law, 798-800, 803-4 445-6, 464-6 Ratner, Steven R., recipient of Deak Prize, 514 participation in international institutions, Reagan, Ronald, on Law of the Sea Convention, 446, 468 688-95 treaty-making power, 453-8 Recent Changes in German Refugee Law: A Criti- use of armed force, 468-70 cal Assessment, CD 361 Rwanda, human rights, 820-1 Refugees. See Aliens Ryan, Kevin F., BR of Han, 201 Refugees, Convention Relating to the Status of (1951), and Protocol (1967), 116-26, CD 361 Reisman, W. Michael, Preparing to Wage Peace: Sand, Peter H. (ed.), The Effectiveness of Interna- Toward the Creation of an International Peace- tional Environmental Agreements. A Survey of making Command and Staff College, Ed. 76 Existing Legal Instruments, BR 198 Reisman, W. Michael, & James E. Baker, Regu- Schabas, William A., The Abolition of the Death lating Covert Action: Practices, Contexts and Penalty in International Law, BR 182 Policies of Covert Coercion Abroad in Interna- Schachter, Oscar tional and American Law, BR 187 Dispute Settlement and Countermeasures in (The) Relationship between the International the International Law Commission, Ed. Court of Justice and the Security Council in the 471 Light of the Lockerbie Case, LA 643 United Nations Law, LA 1 Remedies along with Rights: Institutional Reform Schechter, Michael G., BR of Bartram Brown, in the New GATT, Ed. 477 397 Repealing the Cold War, Ed. 506 Schmidt, Markus G., BR of Eide, Alfredsson & Republicanism, 18th-century natural law theo- Melander, 557 rists, LA 280 Schrag, Philip G., Global Action: Nuclear Test Reservations Ban Diplomacy at the End of the Cold War, BR to Chemical Weapons Convention, 334-5 189 US, to Racial Discrimination Convention, Schreuer, Christoph H., BR of Hess, 210 723-8 Schwebel, Stephen M., Eduardo Jiménez de Ress, Georg, ID 539-49 Aréchaga (1918-1994), NC 512 Restatement (Second) of the Foreign Relations Self-determination Law of the United States, on binding interna- definition, 304-8 tional agreements, 516-7 legitimacy of claims, Ed. 304 Restatement (Third) of the Foreign Relations Shelton, Dinah, The Participation of Nongovern- Law of the United States, reasonableness stand- mental Organizations in International Judicial ard, 111-4 Proceedings, LA 611. See also Kiss, Alexandre Richardson, Henry J., III, BR of Muzaffar, 852 Slaughter Burley, Anne-Marie Roberts, Adam, & Benedict Kingsbury (eds.), BR of Chris Brown, 550 United Nations, Divided World. The UN’s recipient of Deak Prize, 514 Roles in International Relations (2d ed.), BR Slovakia 827 Constitution, 442-3 Romania. See Central—-Eastern European Consti- Gabtikovo-Nagymaros dam project, 625-6 tutions See also Czechoslovakia Ronzitti, Natalino. See de Guttry, Andrea Slovenia. See Central-Eastern European Consti- Rosas, Allan. See Bloed, Arie tutions Rosenstock, Robert, The Forty-fifth Session of Société Francaise pour le Droit International, Le the International Law Commission, CD 134 navire en droit international, BR 209 Roth, Armand D., La prohibition de l’appropria- Sohn, Louis B., International Law Implications of tion et les régimes d’accés aux espaces extra- the 1994 Agreement, LOS 696 terrestres, BR 413 Sohn, Louis B., & Thomas Buergenthal (eds.),

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Preview American Journal of International Law 1994: Vol 88 Index

INDEX (The following abbreviations refer to sections of the Journal: BN, Briefer Notices; BR, Book Reviews and Notes; CD, Current Developments; CE, Collected Essays; Corr., Correspond- ence; CP, Contemporary Practice of the US Relating to International Law; Ed., Editorial Comments; JD, International Decisions; LA, Leading Article; LOS Forum, Law of the Sea Forum; NC, Notes and Comments; OD, Official Documents. Other abbreviations include: EU, European Union; GATT, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; IC], International Court of Justice; ILC, International Law Commission; LOS Convention, Convention on the Law of the Sea; NAFTA, North American Free Trade Agreement; NGO, nongovernmental organiza- tion; UK, United Kingdom; UNCITRAL, United Nations Commission on International Trade Law; UNGA, United Nations General Assembly; US, United States.) Act of state, effect of foreign statute limiting Antonowicz, Lech, Podrecznik prawa miedzy- standing, ID 126-33 narodowego (Manual of International Law), Africa, human rights, 817-8 BR 846 Agreements, international Anuario Argentino de Derecho Internacional nonbinding, CP 515-9 (Vol. V, 1992-1993), CE 417 Recent U.S.-UK Practice Concerning the Arbitration Memorandum of Understanding, CD 821 hazardous wastes, 59-60 Aircraft crimes. See Aviation, Convention for the Heathrow Airport user charges, CP 738-44, Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety 822, 824, 826 of; ICAO Convention on Marking Plastic Ex- Argentina, claims re export controls, 257-8 plosives Aristide, Jean-Bertrand, and immunity, JD 528- Albania 32 asylum seekers, 376 Arms control and disarmament US claims against, 93-6 Chemical Weapons Convention, CP 323-36, Aldrich, George H., What Constitutes a Compen- CP 753-65 highly enriched uranium, 760-2 sable Taking of Property? The Decisions of the nuclear weapons, 757-64 Iran—United States Claims Tribunal, LA 585 riot control agents, CP 753-65 Alexander, Lewis M. See Charney, Jonathan I. Alexander, Yonah, International Terrorism: Polit- Trilateral Statement, CP 758-60 Arms Project of Human Rights Watch/Physicians ical and Legal Documents, BN 218 for Human Rights, Landmines: A Deadly Leg- Alfredsson, Gudmundur. See Eide, Asbjorn Aliens acy, BR 565 Australian Yearbook of International Law 1992, new German refugee law, CD 361 CE 417 US high seas interdiction of Haitians, JD Aviation, Heathrow Airport user chargers, CP 114-26 738-44, 822, 824, 826. See also Aviation, Con- Alston, Philip (ed.), The United Nations and Hu- vention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts man Rights. A Critical Appraisal, BR 386 against the Safety of; ICAO Convention on Alvarez, Jose E., BR of Gregg, of Independent Marking Plastic Explosives Advisory Group on U.N. Financing, and of Rob- Aviation, Convention for the Suppression of erts & Kingsbury, 827 Unlawful Acts against the Safety of (1971), ICJ Amici curiae Lockerbie decision re, 144, 645-7 disadvantages, 612 English common law, 616 Baker, Betsy, BR of Sand, 198 function, 617 Baker, James E. See Reisman, W. Michael NGOs in international adjudication, LA 611 Barnes, James N., BR of Francioni, 569 role in national courts, 616-9 Basel Convention on the Transboundary Move- statistics, 618-9 ment of Hazardous Wastes and Their Dis- Andronovici, Constantin, Drept International posal (1989), liability regime, LA 24 Public (Public International Law), BN 218 Bassiouni, M. Cherif, 500, 502 Anguilla. See Caribbean Crimes Against Humanity in International Antitrust Criminal Law, BR 204 Canadian blocking statutes, JD 532-9 The United Nations Commission of Experts extraterritorial reach of Sherman Act, JD Established Pursuant to Security Council 109-14 Resolution 780 (1992), CD 784 876 INDEX (The following abbreviations refer to sections of the Journal: BN, Briefer Notices; BR, Book Reviews and Notes; CD, Current Developments; CE, Collected Essays; Corr., Correspond- ence; CP, Contemporary Practice of the US Relating to International Law; Ed., Editorial Comments; JD, International Decisions; LA, Leading Article; LOS Forum, Law of the Sea Forum; NC, Notes and Comments; OD, Official Documents. Other abbreviations include: EU, European Union; GATT, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; IC], International Court of Justice; ILC, International Law Commission; LOS Convention, Convention on the Law of the Sea; NAFTA, North American Free Trade Agreement; NGO, nongovernmental organiza- tion; UK, United Kingdom; UNCITRAL, United Nations Commission on International Trade Law; UNGA, United Nations General Assembly; US, United States.) Act of state, effect of foreign statute limiting Antonowicz, Lech, Podrecznik prawa miedzy- standing, ID 126-33 narodowego (Manual of International Law), Africa, human rights, 817-8 BR 846 Agreements, international Anuario Argentino de Derecho Internacional nonbinding, CP 515-9 (Vol. V, 1992-1993), CE 417 Recent U.S.-UK Practice Concerning the Arbitration Memorandum of Understanding, CD 821 hazardous wastes, 59-60 Aircraft crimes. See Aviation, Convention for the Heathrow Airport user charges, CP 738-44, Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety 822, 824, 826 of; ICAO Convention on Marking Plastic Ex- Argentina, claims re export controls, 257-8 plosives Aristide, Jean-Bertrand, and immunity, JD 528- Albania 32 asylum seekers, 376 Arms control and disarmament US claims against, 93-6 Chemical Weapons Convention, CP 323-36, Aldrich, George H., What Constitutes a Compen- CP 753-65 highly enriched uranium, 760-2 sable Taking of Property? The Decisions of the nuclear weapons, 757-64 Iran—United States Claims Tribunal, LA 585 riot control agents, CP 753-65 Alexander, Lewis M. See Charney, Jonathan I. Alexander, Yonah, International Terrorism: Polit- Trilateral Statement, CP 758-60 Arms Project of Human Rights Watch/Physicians ical and Legal Documents, BN 218 for Human Rights, Landmines: A Deadly Leg- Alfredsson, Gudmundur. See Eide, Asbjorn Aliens acy, BR 565 Australian Yearbook of International Law 1992, new German refugee law, CD 361 CE 417 US high seas interdiction of Haitians, JD Aviation, Heathrow Airport user chargers, CP 114-26 738-44, 822, 824, 826. See also Aviation, Con- Alston, Philip (ed.), The United Nations and Hu- vention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts man Rights. A Critical Appraisal, BR 386 against the Safety of; ICAO Convention on Alvarez, Jose E., BR of Gregg, of Independent Marking Plastic Explosives Advisory Group on U.N. Financing, and of Rob- Aviation, Convention for the Suppression of erts & Kingsbury, 827 Unlawful Acts against the Safety of (1971), ICJ Amici curiae Lockerbie decision re, 144, 645-7 disadvantages, 612 English common law, 616 Baker, Betsy, BR of Sand, 198 function, 617 Baker, James E. See Reisman, W. Michael NGOs in international adjudication, LA 611 Barnes, James N., BR of Francioni, 569 role in national courts, 616-9 Basel Convention on the Transboundary Move- statistics, 618-9 ment of Hazardous Wastes and Their Dis- Andronovici, Constantin, Drept International posal (1989), liability regime, LA 24 Public (Public International Law), BN 218 Bassiouni, M. Cherif, 500, 502 Anguilla. See Caribbean Crimes Against Humanity in International Antitrust Criminal Law, BR 204 Canadian blocking statutes, JD 532-9 The United Nations Commission of Experts extraterritorial reach of Sherman Act, JD Established Pursuant to Security Council 109-14 Resolution 780 (1992), CD 784 876 1994] INDEX Bederman, David J., BR of Mapp, 403 Canada Bernal, Marie-Louise H., BR of Goedan, 414 blocking statutes, JD 532-9 Bhopal gas disaster, termination of US litigation, conflicts of law, JD 532-9 ID 126-33 Foreign Extraterritorial Measures Act, 533- Bianchi, Andrea, BR of de Bellis, 212 9 Bierzanek, Remigiusz, & Janusz Symonides, Immigration Act, 367-8, 370 Prawo miedzynarodowe publicizne (Public In- See also St. Pierre and Miquelon ternational Law), BR 846 Caribbean, US-UK Treaties on delimitation, CP Bilder, Richard B., Book Reviews and Notes, 179, 519-21 383, 550, 827 Carter, Kim, BR of McCoubrey & White, 394 Birnie, Patricia W., & Alan E. Boyle, International Case Law on UNCITRAL Texts (CLOUT), 344-5 Law and the Environment, BR 408 Cassese, Antonio, on international law in internal Blay, Sam, & Andreas Zimmermann, Recent law, 427-9, 447 Changes in German Refugee Law: A Critical Cassese, Antonio, Andrew Clapham & Joseph Assessment, CD 361 Weiler (eds.), European Union: The Human Bloed, Arie, Liselotte Leicht, Manfred Nowak & Rights Challenge. Vol. 11, Human Rights and Allan Rosas (eds.), Monitoring Human Rights the European Community: Methods of Protec- in Europe. Comparing International Proce- tion. Vol. III, Human Rights and the European dures and Mechanisms, BR 561 Community: The Substantive Law, BR 559 Blum, Yehuda Z., Eroding the United Nations Central-Eastern European Constitutions Charter, BR 552 accession to international organizations, Bocalandro, Laura, BR of Gutiérrez Espada, 555 446-7 Bodansky, Daniel M. BR of Birnie & Boyle, and of contemporary international law and, 430-2 Hohmann, 408 general international law, 445-6 Bodin, Jean, republicanism, 289-90, 293 international law in, LA 427-50 Book Reviews and Notes, 179, 383, 550, 827 practice before democratization, 432-4 Bosnia status of treaties, 444-5 NATO action, CP 522-5 Cerna, Christina M., BR of Delmas-Marty & war crimes prosecution and peace, Ed. 500- Chodkiewicz, 206 6, Corr. 715-8 Charney, Jonathan I. See also Yugoslavia ID 105-9 Bourloyannis-Vrailas, M.-Christiane. See Morris, Progress in International Maritime Bound- Virginia ary Delimitation Law, LA 227 Boyle, Alan E. See Birnie, Patricia W. U.S. Provisional Application of the 1994 British Virgin Islands. See Caribbean Deep Seabed Agreement, LOS 705 (The) British Year Book of International Law Charney, Jonathan I., & Lewis M. Alexander 1992, CE 417 (eds.), International Maritime Boundaries (2 Brélmann, Catherine, René Lefeber, & Marjo- vols.), BR 179 leine Zieck (eds.), Peoples and Minorities in In- Chemical Weapons Convention. See Convention ternational Law, BR 388 on the Prohibition of the Development, Produc- Brown, Bartram S., The United States and the Po- tion, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons liticization of the World Bank. Issues of Interna- and on Their Destruction tional Law and Policy, BR 397 China Brown, Chris, International Relations Theory: human rights, 745-8, 816 New Normative Approaches, BR 550 most-favored-nation trade status, CP 745-8 Brunnée, Jutta, BR of Kiss & Shelton, 859 Chinese Yearbook of International Law and Af- Brunner, Manfred, Treaty on European Union, fairs, Vol. 10 (1990-1991), CE 219, Vol. 11 540-1 (1991-1992), CE 577 Buergenthal, Thomas. See Sohn, Louis B. Chodkiewicz, Christine. See Delmas-Marty, Mi- Bulgaria. See Central—Eastern European Consti- reille tutions Choice of law, hazardous wastes, LA 37 Bunn, George Civitas Maxima: Wolff, Vattel and the Fate of Re- Arms Control by Committee: Managing Ne- publicanism, LA 280 gotiations with the Russians, BR 395 Claims BR of Schrag, 189 against Albania, CP 93-6 Burma/Myanmar, human rights, 815, 816 hazardous waste, LA 24—75 Butler, W. E., BR of Kross, 863 settlement legislation, CP 314-7 Cairo Guidelines and Principles for the Environ- See also lran—United States Claims Tribunal mentally Sound Management and Disposal of Claims Settlement Declaration (establishing Hazardous Wastes (1987), 34 Iran-US Claims Tribunal, 1981), 588, 591 878 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 88 Clapham, Andrew, European Union: The Human Croatia. See Central—Eastern European Constitu- Rights Challenge, Vol. I: Human Rights and tions the European Community: A Critical Overview, Crook, John R. BR 559. See also Cassese, Antonio BR of Van Hof, 193 Clinton, William J. The Fiftieth Session of the UN Commission on Caribbean maritime boundaries, 519 on Human Rights, CD 806 on Chemical Weapons Convention, 323 Cuba, human rights, 816 on China, CP 745 Czechoslovakia on conventional weapons, 748-9 Constitution and international law, LA 429 Moscow Declaration, 754-6 Czech and Slovak Federation after 1989, on NATO action in Bosnia, CP 522-5 434-40 Cohen, Ronald, Goran Hyden, & Winston P. Na- Czech Republic Constitution, 440-2 gan (eds.), Human Rights and Governance in developments in two Republics before 2isso- Africa, BR 856 lution, 439-40 Cold War, repealing US law reflecting, Ed. 506 experience before 1989, 433-4 Comity supremacy for human rights treaties, 435-6 in federal state, 535-9 US recognition of Indian judgment, 131-3 Communism, in US law, Ed. 506 D’Amato, Anthony, Peace vs. Accountability in Compensation Bosnia, Ed. 500; Corr. on, 715, 717 for GATT-illegal measures, 486-7 Danilenko, Gennady M., The New Russian Con- hazardous waste, LA 24 stitution and International Law, LA 451 US claims against Albania, CP 93-6 de Bellis, Saverio, L’immunita delle organizza- See also Iran—United States Claims Tribunal zioni internazionali dalla giurisdizione, BR 212 Conflicts of law, Canada, JD 532-9 de Guttry, Andrea, and Natalino Ronzitti (eds.), Conforti, Benedetto, International Law and the The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and the Law of Role of Domestic Legal Systems, BR 840 Naval Warfare, BN 865 Congo-Brazzaville, recognition of judgment, de Mestral, Armand, BR of Touscoz, 553 268-9 Death penalty, Jamaica, JD 775-83 Contemporary Practice of the United States Re- (The) Degrees of Self-Determination in the lating to International Law, 89, 312, 515, 719 United Nations Era, Ed. 304 Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Dekker, Ige F., & Harry H. G. Post (eds.), The Damage, 49-52, 57, 68, 72 Gulf War of 1980-1988. The Iran-Iraq War in Convention on International Liability for Dam- International Legal Perspective, BR 401 age Caused by Space Objects (1972), 59-60 Delaume, Georges R. Convention on the Limitation Period in the In- ID 340-2 ternational Sale of Goods (1980), CP 103-4 The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act and Convention on the Prohibition of the Develop- Public Debt Litigation: Some Fifteen Years ment, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Later, LA 257 Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction Delbriick, Jost, BR of Lillich, 191 (1993) Dellapenna, Joseph W., ID 528-32 activities not prohibited under, 330-1 Delmas-Marty, Mireille, & Christine Chodkiewicz amendments, 334 (eds.), The European Convention for the Pro- destruction requirements, 326-30 tection of Human Rights: Internatiorial Protec- national implementation, 335-6 tion versus National Restrictions, Bi? 206 organizational bodies, 333-5 Denmark, Jan Mayen boundary delimitation, JD reservations, 334-5 105-9 review conferences, 335 Diamant, Betinio, BN of Andronovici, 218 riot control agents, 329-30, CP 753-4 Diaz, Luis Miguel, BR of Fernandez de Casade- transmittal to Senate, CP 323-36 vante Romani, 200 verification of compliance, 331-3 Diplomatic intervention, hazardous wastes, 42 Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on Diplomatic missions, CP 728-33 the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Diplomatic privileges and immunities, CP 312- (1980), transmittal to Senate, CP 748-53, 684— 3 5, 686 Diplomatic relations, reestablishment of US-Al- Conventional Weapons Convention. See Conven- banian, 93 tion on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use Dispute settlement of Certain Conventional Weapons and countermeasures in ILC, 14—5, 136-7, Costa Rica, waiver of immunity, 276-7 Ed. 471 Crawford, James, The ILC’s Draft Statute for an under GATT and World Trade Organization, International Criminal Tribunal, CD 140 479-86 1994] INDEX See also International Court of Justice Fontes Turis Gentium, Corr. on, 311, 513 Dispute Settlement and Countermeasures in the Force, use of International Law Commission, Ed. 471 Russian Constitution, 468-70 Dominick, Mary F., BR of Hilf & Petersmann, 862 under UN Charter, 12-3 Donoghue, Joan E., BR of Hurrell & Kingsbury, (The) Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act and 411 Public Debt Litigation: Some Fifteen Years Drinan, Robert F., BR of Forsythe, 851 Later, LA 257 Forsythe, David P., Human Rights and Peace. In- East Timor, human rights, 816 ternational and National Dimensions, BR 851 Economic sanctions, US, against Vietnam, CP (The) Forty-fifth Session of the International Law 521-2 Commission, CD 134 Eide, Asbjorn, Gudmundur Alfredsson, & Géran France. See St. Pierre and Miquelon Melander, et al. (eds.), The Universal Declara- Francioni, Francesco (ed.), International Environ- tion of Human Rights: A Commentary, BR 557 mental Law for Antarctica, BR 569 ElBaradei, Mohamed M., Edwin I. Nwogugu, & Franckx, Erik, Maritime Claims in the Arctic: Ca- John M. Rames (eds.), The International Law of nadian and Russian Perspectives, BR 405 Nuclear Energy (2 vols.), BN 867 Frowein,J .A ., Corr. on Fontes Iuris Gentium, 513 El Salvador, maritime boundary delimitation with (The) Future of the United Nations Convention Honduras, LA 227 on the Law of the Sea, Ed. 488 Ely, John Hart, War and Responsibility. Constitu- tional Lessons of Vietnam and Its Aftermath, BR 843 Gardam, Judith Gail, Non-Combatant Immunity Environment as a Norm of International Humanitarian Law, Gab¢ikovo-Nagymaros dam project, 625-6 BR 391 impact statement and NAFTA, JD 526-7 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade maritime discharge of oil, 49-50 dispute settlement, 479-86 movement of hazardous wastes, LA 24 appellate review, 483-5 See also Law of the sea, Marine environment panels, 481-3 Estonia. See Central—Eastern European Constitu- Understanding on Dispute Settlement, tions ; 480-1 European Convention for the Protection of Hu- Uruguay Round, CP 320-2, Ed. 477 man Rights and Fundamental Freedoms Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf (1950) (1958), equidistance/special circumstances case law involving amici, 630-8 rule, JD 105-9, 244-5, 255-6 torture under, 779-81 Geneva Conventions for the protection of war European Court of Human Rights, participation victims (1949), and customary law, 79-80 of NGOs, 615, 616, 630-8 Geneva Conventions for the protection of war European Court of Justice, participation of victims, Additional Protocol I to (1977) NGOs, 628-30 changed circumstances, 682-4 European Union, ultra vires acts and national creation of customary law, 681-2 courts, ID 539-49 practice of war and, 681 Expropriation, 587-8 universality, 685-6 US ratification, Ed. 678 Fechner, Frank, Rechtlicher Schutz archio- Genocide, Convention on the Prevention and logischen Kulturguts. Regelungen im inner- Punishment of the Crime of (1948) staatlichen Recht, im Europa- und Volkerrecht Bosnia IC] case, 421, 567-8, 669, 674 sowie MOéglichkeiten zu ihrer Verbesserung, BR Corr. on crimes in Bosnia, 715 574 and statute of international criminal tri- Ferencz, Benjamin B. bunal, 144-5 BR of Bassiouni, 204 Geraci, Thomas A., BR of Finnie, 398 Corr. on war crimes in Bosnia, 717 Germany Fernandez de Casadevante Romani, Carlos, La actions of EU organs, /D 539-49 protecci6n del medio ambiente en derecho in- constitutionality of Treaty on European ternacional, derecho comunitario europeo y Union, ID 539-44 derecho espanol, BR 200 international law in domestic law, 428 Fields, William S., ID 337-40 new refugee law, CD 361 (The) Fiftieth Session of the UN Commission on determination of secure third states, Human Rights, CD 806 370-3 Finnie, David H., Shifting Lines in the Sand: Ku- international law and, 363-4 wait’s Elusive Frontier with Iraq, BR 398 procedural aspects of new law, 375-7 Fitzpatrick, Joan, BR of Schabas, 182 state of first refuge, 365-7 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW restrictions under, 364-75 Human rights territorial link, 367-9 Africa, 817-8 Gill, David G., JD 109-14 anti-Semitism, 808-9 Girtel, Kim, & Barry Mawhinney, Fourth Legal Burma/Myanmar, 815, 816 Advisers’ Meeting at UN Headquarters in New China, 745-8, 816 York, CD 379 civil defense forces, 812-3 Goedan, Juergen Christoph, International Legal Cuba, 816 Bibliographies: A Worldwide Guide and Cri- Czechoslovakia, 435-6 tique, BR 414 East Timor, 816 Goldberg, Arthur, on amicus curiae, 617 economic, social and cultural rights, 160-3, Gorove, Stephen, Developments in Space Law: Is- 819 sues and Policies, BR 194 expansion of concept, 17 Gottlieb, Gidon, Nation Against State. A New Ap- 50th session of UN Commission, CD 806 proach to Ethnic Conflicts and the Decline of Iran, 816 Sovereignty, BR 831 Jammu and Kashmir, 816-7 Gowlland-Debbas, Vera, The Relationship be- litigation, 614-6, 630-40 tween the International Court of Justice and Middle East, 807-8 the Security Council in the Light of the Locker- migrant workers, 820 bie Case, LA 643 minorities, 819-20 Green, L. C., BR of Gardam, 391 Papua New Guinea, 817 Gregg, Robert W., About Face? The United States Racial Discrimination Convention, CP 721-8 and the United Nations, BR 827 reconceptualization, 813-5 Groarke, John P. right to development, 819 BN of Alexander, 218 Russian Constitution, 467 BR of Sunga, 205 Rwanda, 820-1 Gunn, T. Jeremy, BR of Korey, 854 South Africa, 808 Gurr, Ted Robert, Minorities at Risk: A Global Sri Lanka, 817 View of Ethno-political Conflicts, BR 831 standard setting, 810-2 Gutiérrez Espada, Cesareo, Hacia un compendio Sudan, 817 de derecho internacional publico, BR 555 torture and degrading treatment, JD 775-83 women, CD 152, 809-10 Haiti, US high seas interdiction of citizens, JD Yugoslavia, 817 114-26 Zaire, 817 Han, Henry H., Terrorism & Political Violence: See also Genocide Limits & Possibilities of Legal Control, BR 201 Hungary, GabCcikovo-Nagymaros dam project, Hathaway, James C., BR of Sohn & Buergenthal, 625-6. See also Central-Eastern European 564 Constitutions Hazardous wastes. See Environment Hurrell, Andrew, & Benedict Kingsbury (eds.), Head-of-state immunity, and Haiti’s Aristide, JD The International Politics of the Environment, 528-32 BR 411 Hess, Burkhard, Staatenimmunitat bei Distanz- Hyden, Goran. See Cohen, Ronald delikten. Der private Klager im Schnittpunkt von zivilgerichtlichem und vélkerrechtlichem Rechtsschutz, BR 210 ICAO Convention on Marking Plastic Explo- Hewison, Grant. See Van Dyke, Jon M. sives (1991), CP 89-93 Highet, Keith, BR of Jennings & Watts, 383 Iceland/Jan Mayen maritime boundary, /D Highet, Keith, & George Kahale III, Interna- 105-9, LA 253 tional Decisions, 105, 337, 526, 766 (The) ILC’s Draft Statute for an International Hilf, Meinhard, & Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann Criminal Tribunal, CD 140 (eds.), National Constitutions and Interna- Independent Advisory Group on U.N. Financing, tional Economic Law, BR 862 Financing an Effective United Nations, BR 827 Hirsch, Moshe, The Arbitration Mechanism of Inter-American Court of Human Rights, partici- the International Center for the Settlement of pation of NGOs, 615, 638-40 Investment Disputes, BR 572 Internal law, international law in, LA 427. See Hobbes, Thomas, and republicanism, 283, 288, also Russian Constitution 290-1, 295, 302 International Agreements: Recent U.S.-UK Prac- Hohmann, Harald (ed.), Basic Documents of In- tice Concerning the Memorandum of Under- ternational Environmental Law (Vols. 1-3), BR standing, CD 821 408 International Convention on the Elimination of Honduras, maritime boundary delimitation with All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965), El Salvador, LA 227 Senate consideration of, CP 721-8 1994] INDEX 881 International Court of Justice International Sale of Goods, Convention on the advisory opinions, 8 Limitation Period in (1974), transmittal to annual report to UNGA, 421-4 Senate, 103-4 dichotomy between legal and political dis- International trade putes, 648-55 countervailing duties, JD 770-5 guardian of legality, 8, 662-73 most-favored-nation status for China, CP independent exercise of judicial function, 745-8 673-6 multinational corporations, JD 766-9 indexing opinions, Corr. 311, Corr, 513 privatization, ID 770-5 legal authority for judicial control, 663-5 taxation and federalism, JD 766-9 Lockerbie case, 8, 144, LA 643 Uruguay Round conclusion, CP 320-2, Ed. maritime boundary delimitation, JD 105, LA 477 227 Iran, human rights, 816. See also Iran—United participation of NGOs, 612-4, 619-28, States Claims Tribunal 641-2 Iran-United States Claims Tribunal possible opinion on extraterritorial jurisdic- acts giving rise to liability, 587-603 tion, 357-8 acts not attributable to Iran, 604-5 relationship between judicial settlement and compensable takings of property, LA 585 sanctions, 658-61 de facto nationalization cases, 587, 594-8 relationship with UN Security Council, LA failures of proof, 607-9 643 government-appointed managers or supervi- and review of UN resolutions, 669-73 sors, 588-94 role regarding maintenance of peace and se- intent, 603 curity, 661-76 interference with bank accounts, 606-7 and teleological interpretation, 665-9 lawful regulations, 605-6 triennial elections of five members, CD 178 nationalization cases, 587-8 International Covenant on Civil and Political physical seizure of property, 598-600 Rights, 83-4 property lost solely through revolutionary International Decisions, 105, 337, 526, 766 turmoil, 607-8 International documents, non-legally binding Iraq, claims settlement legislation, CP 314-7 character, CP 515-9 International Law Commission Jamaica, death penalty, JD 775 criminal responsibility of states, 137-8 Jammu and Kashmir, human rights, 816-7 dispute settlement and countermeasures, Janis, Mark W., BR of Merrills, 562 14-5, 136-7, Ed. 471 Jennings, Robert Y. Draft Code of Crimes against the Peace and on impact of IC] decisions, 641 Security of Mankind, 141-3, 152, 349-50, speech to UN General Assembly, OD 421 353, 717, 804-5 Jennings, Robert, & Arthur Watts (eds.), Oppen- forty-fifth session, CD 134-40, 349-53 heim’s International Law, Vol. I, Peace (2 governmental attitudes re countermeasures, vols.), BR 383 475-7 Jiménez de Aréchaga, Eduardo, memorial on, NC international criminal court draft statute, 512 134-5, CD 140, 350-1, 353, 716 Jones, Thomas David, JD 114-26 international liability for injurious conse- Joyner, Christopher C., BR of Dekker & Post, 401 quences arising out of acts not prohibited Judicial assistance, Tribunal on former Yugosla- by international law, 138-9, 352 via, 150-1 international watercourses, 139-40, 352-3 Juenger, Friedrich K., Choice of Law and Multi- lawmaking role, 4-5 state Justice, BR 184 proposals for compulsory dispute settlement, Jurisdiction 473-4 Canadian blocking statutes, JD 532-9 International Law Implications of the 1994 domestic, and human rights, 17 Agreement, LOS 696 extraterritorial, in antitrust actions, JD 109 International Law in Internal Law: Toward Inter- extraterritorial, request for IC] opinion, nationalization of Central-Eastern Europeatri 357-8 Constitutions?, LA 427 of ICJ without parties’ agreement, 254-5 International Legal Materials, Contents, 224, of international criminal court, 142, 143-7 425, 571, 871 See also Sovereign immunity International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund, 57-8 Kahale George, III, & Keith Highet, Interna- International organizations tional Decisions, 105, 337, 526, 766 participation at ICJ, 620-5, 642 Kamminga, Menno T., Inter-State Accountability relationship with member states, JD 539-49 for Violations of Human Rights, BR 415 882 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 88 Kenney, William Sumner, BR of McClean, 214 Libya, and Lockerbie case, 8, 144, 643-77 Kingsbury, Benedict, BR of Nardin & Mapel, 838. Lillich, Richard B. (ed.), Fact-Finding Before In- See also Hurrell, Andrew; Roberts, Adam ternational Tribunals, BR 191 Kirgis, Frederic L., Jr. Lithuania. See Central-Eastern European Consti- The Degrees of Self-Determination in the tutions United Nations Era, Ed. 304 Lobel, Jules, BR of Reisman & Baker, 187 BR of Blum, 552 Lowe, Vaughan, BR of Weiss, 196 Kiss, Alexandre, & Dinah Shelton, Manual of Eu- Lowenfeld, Andreas F. ropean Environmental Law, BR 859 BR of Juenger, 184-7 Korey, William, The Promises We Keep: Human Remedies along with Rights: Institutional Rights, the Helsinki Process, and American Reform in the New GATT, Ed. 477 Foreign Policy, BR 854 Kross, Jaan, Professor Martens’ Departure, BR 863 McCaffrey, Stephen C., BR of Stone, 567 McClean, David, International Judicial Assist- Law of the sea ance, BR 214 Exclusive economic zone, coastal resources, McCoubrey, Hilaire, & Nigel D. White, Interna- 496-8 tional Law and Armed Conflict, BR 394 Fisheries, 105-9, 237-40, 246-9, 497-8, McDorman, Ted L., BR of Franckx, and of Young 519-20 & Osherenko, 405 High seas, deep seabed mining, LOS 687, CP Machiavelli, Niccold, republicanism of, 281, 283- 733-8 4, 289, 291 Marine environment, 494-6 McNeill, John H., International Agreements: Re- marine scientific research, 498 cent U.S.-UK Practice Concerning the Memo- maritime boundary delimitation, JD 105-9, randum of Understanding, CD 821 INFS SsI aa LA 227, CP 519-21 Madison, James, and sources doctrine, 300-1, historical and conventional rights, 234— 302 6 Maier, Harold G., BR of Conforti, 840 islands, 240-1 Mangone, Gerard J., BR of Société Francaise maximum reach, 247-9 pour le Droit International, 209 nongeographic considerations, 236-40 Mapel, David R. See Nardin, Terry procedure, 233-4 Mapp, Wayne, The Iran—-United States Claims proportionality, 241-3 Tribunal: The First Ten Years, 1981-1991, BR single maritime boundary, 245-7 403 third states, 249-51 Mawhinney, Barry, & Kim Girtel, Fourth Legal Fwp—See—Wes — S UN Convention Advisers’ Meeting at UN Headquarters in New Agreement Relating to Part XI, LOS York, CD, 379 687, CP 733-8 Melander, Goran. See Eide, Asbjorn Se communications, 493—4 Meron, Theodor ————————— future of, Ed. 488 Corr. on Ed. by, 88 international security, 493-4 The Time Has Come for the United States to trade, 493-4 Ratify Geneva Protocol I, Ed. 678 US interests in, CD 167, 490-1, 492, War Crimes in Yugoslavia and the Develop- 734-7 ment of International Law, Ed. 78 Law of the Sea Forum: The 1994 Agreement on Merrills, J. G. Implementation of the Seabed Provisions of BR of Cassese, Clapham & Weiler, and of the Convention on the Law of the Sea, 687-96 Clapham, 559 Lee, John M., Robert von Pagenhardt, & Timothy The Development of International Law by W. Stanley, To Unite Our Strength. Enhancing the European Court of Human Rights (2d the United Nations Peace and Security System, ed.), BR 562 BN 216 Michalickova, Zdenka, BN of Nascimbene, 218 Lefeber, René. See Brélmann, Catherine Middle East, isuman rights, 807-8 Leibniz, G. W., and republicanism, 294-6 Milhollin, Gary, BN of ElBaradei, Nwogugu & Leicht, Liselotte. See Bloed, Arie Rames, 867 Leigh, Monroe, ID, 526-7 - Morris, Virginia, & M.-Christiane Bourloyannis- Levie, Howard S., BR of Arms Project of Human Vrailas, The Work of the Sixth Committee at Rights Watch/Physicians for Human Rights, the Forty-eighth Session of the UN General As- 565 sembly, CD 343 Liberalism, and 18th-century republicanism, Moscow Declaration (1994), on US-Russian rela- 280-2, 302-3 tions, 754-6 1994] 883 Murphy, Sean D. proche juridique des droits de l"homme entre BR of Ely, 843 tradition et modernité, BR 856 Prospective Liability Regimes for the Trans- Oxman, Bernard H., The 1994 Agreement and boundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, the Convention, LOS 687 LA 24 Oxman, Bernard H., & John R. Stevenson, The Muzaffar, Chandra, Human Rights and the New Future of the United Nations Convention on World Order, BR 852 the Law of the Sea, Ed. 488 Nagan, Winston P. See Cohen, Ronald Palau, Republic of, guarantors of loans, 273-4 Nardin, Terry, & David R. Mapel (eds.), Tradi- Palestine Liberation Organization tions of International Ethics, BR 838 closure of UN Observer Mission, 669 Nascimbene, Bruno, Lo straniero nel diritto ita- designation of Office as foreign mission, CP liano, BN 218 731-3 Nash (Leich), Marian, Contemporary Practice of Panel on the Law of Ocean Uses, United States the United States Relating to International Interests in the Law of the Sea Convention, CD Law, 89, 312, 515, 719 167 Nationalization. See Iran—United States Claims Panjabi, R. K. L., BR of Kamminga, 415 Tribunal Papua New Guinea, human rights, 817 NATO, action in Bosnia, CP, 522-5 (The) Participation of Nongovernmental Organi- Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 1993 zations in International Judicial Proceedings, (Vol. 24), CE 868 LA 611 New international economic order, UNGA Sixth Paust, Jordan J. Committee on law, 355 Corr. on rape as war crime, 88 (The) New Russian Constitution and Interna- Corr. on war crimes in Bosnia, 715 tional Law, LA 451 Pazartzis, Photini, Les engagements internatio- Nicaragua, intervenor in IC] case, 234—5, 249- naux en matiére de réglement pacifique des 51 différends entre états, BR 571 (The) 1994 Agreement and the Convention, LOS Peace vs. Accountability in Bosnia, Ed. 500 687 Peacemaking, creation of a command and staff Nongovernmental organizations college, Ed. 76 as amici curiae, LA 611 Permanent Court of International Justice, non- public and private distinguished, 622 state access, 613, 620-3, 627-8 Nordic Convention on the Protection of the En- Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich. See Hilf, Meinhard vironment, 47-8 Peterson, M. J., BR of Roth, 413 North American Free Trade Agreement, judicial Phillips, Barry, JD 775-83 review, [D 526-7 Poland, as secure third state, 371-3. See also Cen- Northern Mariana Islands, Covenant to Estab- tral-Eastern European Constitutions lish a Commonwealth of, self-government Polish Academy of Sciences, Prawa Cztowieka: under, JD 337-40 model prawny (Human Rights: Legal Model), Norway, Jan Mayen delimitation, JD 105-9, LA BR 846 227 Polish Yearbook of International Law 1991-1992 Nowak, Manfred. See Bloed, Arie (Vol. 19), CE 868 Nuremberg Charter, 83-6 Post, Harry H. G. See Dekker, Ige F. Nuremberg Tribunal, 501, 715, 788, 789 Preparing to Wage Peace: Toward the Creation of Nwogugu, Edwin I. See ElBaradei, Mohamed M. an International Peacemaking Command and Staff College, Ed. 76 Private international law O’Connell, Mary Ellen, BN of Lee, von Pagen- hazardous wastes, 48-56, 70-1 hardt & Stanley, 216 international sale of goods, CP 103-4 Oliver, John T., BN of de Guttry and Ronzitti, Progress in International Maritime Boundary De- 865 limitation Law, LA 227 Onuf, Nicholas Greenwood Prospective Liability Regimes for the Transbound- BR of Wolfke, 556 ary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, LA 24 Civitas Maxima: Wolff, Vattel and the Fate Protocol of Managua (1993), on democracy and of Republicanism, LA 280 poverty, CP 719-21 Organization of American States, Protocols of Protocol of Washington (1992), on democracy Amendment to Charter, CP 719-21 and poverty, CP 719-21 Osherenko, Gail. See Young, Oran Public debt litigation Ouguergouz, Fatsah, La Charte africaine des characterization, 258-63 droits de homme et des peuples. Une ap- constitutional constraints, 263-6 884 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 88 jurisdictional issues, 258-67 Rothblatt, Martine Aliana, BR of Gorove, 194 measures of execution, 266-7 Rubin, Alfred P., BR of Watson, 576 and sovereign immunity, LA 257 Russian Constitution waivers of immunity, 267-77 Committee of Constitutional Supervision, 460 Rames, John M. See ElBaradei, Mohamed M. Constitutional Court, 456-7, 462—4 Rape Declaration of the Rights and Freedoms of as war crime, Corr. 88 Person and Citizen, 461-2 World Conference Programme of Action, human rights, 467 156-7 and international law, 445-6, LA 451 UN Commission of Experts and, 794, 796, international law as part of domestic law, 798-800, 803-4 445-6, 464-6 Ratner, Steven R., recipient of Deak Prize, 514 participation in international institutions, Reagan, Ronald, on Law of the Sea Convention, 446, 468 688-95 treaty-making power, 453-8 Recent Changes in German Refugee Law: A Criti- use of armed force, 468-70 cal Assessment, CD 361 Rwanda, human rights, 820-1 Refugees. See Aliens Ryan, Kevin F., BR of Han, 201 Refugees, Convention Relating to the Status of (1951), and Protocol (1967), 116-26, CD 361 Reisman, W. Michael, Preparing to Wage Peace: Sand, Peter H. (ed.), The Effectiveness of Interna- Toward the Creation of an International Peace- tional Environmental Agreements. A Survey of making Command and Staff College, Ed. 76 Existing Legal Instruments, BR 198 Reisman, W. Michael, & James E. Baker, Regu- Schabas, William A., The Abolition of the Death lating Covert Action: Practices, Contexts and Penalty in International Law, BR 182 Policies of Covert Coercion Abroad in Interna- Schachter, Oscar tional and American Law, BR 187 Dispute Settlement and Countermeasures in (The) Relationship between the International the International Law Commission, Ed. Court of Justice and the Security Council in the 471 Light of the Lockerbie Case, LA 643 United Nations Law, LA 1 Remedies along with Rights: Institutional Reform Schechter, Michael G., BR of Bartram Brown, in the New GATT, Ed. 477 397 Repealing the Cold War, Ed. 506 Schmidt, Markus G., BR of Eide, Alfredsson & Republicanism, 18th-century natural law theo- Melander, 557 rists, LA 280 Schrag, Philip G., Global Action: Nuclear Test Reservations Ban Diplomacy at the End of the Cold War, BR to Chemical Weapons Convention, 334-5 189 US, to Racial Discrimination Convention, Schreuer, Christoph H., BR of Hess, 210 723-8 Schwebel, Stephen M., Eduardo Jiménez de Ress, Georg, ID 539-49 Aréchaga (1918-1994), NC 512 Restatement (Second) of the Foreign Relations Self-determination Law of the United States, on binding interna- definition, 304-8 tional agreements, 516-7 legitimacy of claims, Ed. 304 Restatement (Third) of the Foreign Relations Shelton, Dinah, The Participation of Nongovern- Law of the United States, reasonableness stand- mental Organizations in International Judicial ard, 111-4 Proceedings, LA 611. See also Kiss, Alexandre Richardson, Henry J., III, BR of Muzaffar, 852 Slaughter Burley, Anne-Marie Roberts, Adam, & Benedict Kingsbury (eds.), BR of Chris Brown, 550 United Nations, Divided World. The UN’s recipient of Deak Prize, 514 Roles in International Relations (2d ed.), BR Slovakia 827 Constitution, 442-3 Romania. See Central—-Eastern European Consti- Gabtikovo-Nagymaros dam project, 625-6 tutions See also Czechoslovakia Ronzitti, Natalino. See de Guttry, Andrea Slovenia. See Central-Eastern European Consti- Rosas, Allan. See Bloed, Arie tutions Rosenstock, Robert, The Forty-fifth Session of Société Francaise pour le Droit International, Le the International Law Commission, CD 134 navire en droit international, BR 209 Roth, Armand D., La prohibition de l’appropria- Sohn, Louis B., International Law Implications of tion et les régimes d’accés aux espaces extra- the 1994 Agreement, LOS 696 terrestres, BR 413 Sohn, Louis B., & Thomas Buergenthal (eds.),

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