ALPES Mid-Term Review Andrea Castrichini ALPES ESR 1 ALPES Mid Term Review -Leuven –16thJune 2015 1 My background • Bachelor Degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Rome La Sapienza (2007-2010). • Master Degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the University of Rome La Sapienza (2010-2013). • 10 months internship at MSC Software Toulouse (2012-2013): research activities focused on Aeroelasticity and Fluid-Structure interaction problems. • Marie Curie ESR in Aircraft Aeroelasticity and Loads (2013 – ongoing) - Siemens PLM (Oct 2013 – Mar 2015) - University of Bristol (Apr 2015 – ongoing). ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 2 Training experiences in ALPES • Scientific Courses: • Conferences: • LMS Aerospace Conference 2013 • Practical Modal Analysis (3 days) • DIPART 2013 • Numerical simulation of multi-body systems (3 days) • ISMA-ISAAC International Conference on Noise and • Introduction to Aircraft Aeroelasticity and Loads (5 days) Vibration Engineering • Ground Vibration Testing (GVT) Master Class (4 days) • 4th Aircraft Structural Design Conference – Belfast, • Experimental NVH (2 days) October 2014 (Presented: Preliminary Investigation of Use of Flexible Folding Wing-Tips for Static and Dynamic • Course on Detection, Modeling and Identification of Loads Alleviation) Nonlinearities in Engineering Structures (2 days) • Scitech Conference - Orlando, January 2015 (Presented : Nonlinear Folding Wing-Tips for Gust Loads Alleviation. ) • DIPART 2014 (Presented) • Transferable skills training: • LMS Aerospace Conference 2015 • Presentation skills (2 days) • NAFEMS - San Diego, June 2015 (Will presented : • Project Management (1 day) Unsteady aerodynamics in multibody simulations for aircraft loads prediction ) • Intermediate French Course - B2 (1 semester) • Scitech Conference – San Diego, January 2016 (Abstract: Nonlinear Negative Stiffness Folding Wing-Tip Device for Gust Loads Alleviation) ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 3 Main objectives of my research project • To improve the modelling of landing, manoeuvres and gust loads for combined high load events: • Investigate effects of different loads sources on aircraft structural model: • Ground loads during landing and taxing manoeuvres. • Aerodynamic loads coming from in-flight and ground manoeuvres, gusts and high lift devices. • UDF Implementation to couple a non-linear multi-body dynamic analysis coupled with an external aerodynamic code. • Design and numerical modeling of novel structural configurations such as aircraft with folding wing-tips: • Allow more efficient aircraft by increasing the wing aspect ratio. • Minimize structural weight increment by using folding tip device for loads alleviation. ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 4 Multibody Aeroelastic Simulations • Floating Reference of Frame formulation for flexible bodies: • Reference coordinates 𝑅𝑖(X,Y,Z), θ𝑖 (θ , θ , θ , θ ) → large displacements, finite rotations (rigid body) → 𝑟𝑖 = 𝑅𝑖 + 𝐴𝑖 𝑢𝑖 + 𝑢𝑖 0 1 2 3 0 𝑓 • Elastic modal coordinates 𝑞𝑖 → small linear deformations with respect the body ref → 𝑢𝑖 = 𝑁𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑠Φ𝑖 𝑥 𝑞𝑖 (𝑡) 𝑓 𝑓 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑚𝑅𝑖𝑅 𝑚𝑅𝑖θ 𝑚𝑅𝑖𝑓 𝑅 𝑖 0 0 0 𝑅 𝑖 0 0 0 𝑅𝑖 𝐶𝑅𝑇𝑖 𝑄𝑒𝑖𝑅 𝑄ν𝑖𝑅 𝑄𝐴𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑜(𝑅𝑖,θ𝑖,𝑞𝑓𝑖)𝑅 𝑚θ𝑖𝑅 𝑚θ𝑖θ 𝑚θ𝑖𝑓 θ 𝑖 + 0 0 0 θ 𝑖 + 0 0 0 θ𝑖 + 𝐶θ𝑇𝑖 λ = 𝑄𝑒𝑖θ + 𝑄ν𝑖θ + 𝑄𝐴𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑜(𝑅𝑖,θ𝑖,𝑞𝑓𝑖)θ 𝑚𝑓𝑖𝑅 𝑚𝑓𝑖θ 𝑚𝑓𝑖𝑓 𝑞 𝑓𝑖 0 0 𝐷𝑓𝑖𝑓 𝑞 𝑓𝑖 0 0 𝐾𝑓𝑖𝑓 𝑞𝑓𝑖 𝐶𝑞𝑇𝑖 𝑄𝑒𝑖𝑓 𝑄ν𝑖𝑓 𝑄𝐴𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑜(𝑅𝑖,θ𝑖,𝑞𝑓𝑖)𝑓 𝑓 UDF • Aerodynamic Forces Formulation: 𝑁 𝑐 𝑐 2 𝑐 𝑐 2 𝑐 𝑐 2 𝑃𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐹 = 𝑞 𝑄 𝜉 + 𝑄ℎℎ 𝜉 + 𝑄 𝜉 + 𝑄 𝑤 + 𝑄 𝑤 + 𝑄 𝑤 + 𝑄 δ+ 𝑄 δ + 𝑄ℎ δ + 𝑅 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑦𝑛 ℎℎ0 1 ℎℎ2 ℎ𝑗0 ℎ𝑗1 ℎ𝑗2 ℎ𝑥0 ℎ𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑙 2𝑉 2𝑉 2𝑉 2𝑉 2𝑉 2𝑉 𝑙=1 • The User Defined Force Element: • A DMAP code used to extract the Doublet Latticaeroelastic matrices. • The matrices are read by the UDF at the very beginning of the analysis. • At each step these aeroelastic matrices, combined with the rigid body motions (𝑅𝑖,θ𝑖) and local deformations (𝑞𝑖 ), provide the related aerodynamic forces. 𝑓 • The generalized aerodynamic forces then applied on the related generalized coordinates of the body of interest. ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 5 Numerical Results • Dynamic Gust Response • Aeroservoelastic Analyses performed via VLM/Simulink Cosimulation: • Possibility to manoeuver the aircraft according the pilot’s commands on the engines and aerodynamic control surfaces. • Trim Analysis • Descent manoeuver • Landing manoeuver ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 6 Linear Folding Wing-Tip For Loads Alleviation • Investigate the possibility to attach folding wing-tips to a baseline model to increase the wing span. • Wing-tip connected to the main airframe through a linear elastic hinge. • Several configurations: • Λ=0°-25°. • wing-tip weight = 100 Kg - 943Kg. • K=100-1010 Nm/rad. • 25% increment of the span • Allow significant local Δ𝛼 at the wing-tip to generate forces that reduce the global wing root bending moment. ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 7 Numerical Results • 25° hinge, m=100 Kg model • Static trim analysis • The lower 𝑘 the higher is the wing-tip rotation the lower are the loads θ • Unsteady gust response • The lower 𝑘 the higher and the faster is the wing-tip rotation θ the lower are the loads ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 8 Ongoing / Future work • Folding wing-tip: • Understanding of the dynamics of a nonlinear SDOF FWT model. • Validation of the loads alleviation using a civil aircraft model in VLM. Rigid Aerodynamic Loads → α Flex. Aerodynamic Loads → θ,Λ Gust Loads Linear Spring Monent Nonlinear Springs Moment • Aeroelastic Landing Simulation: • Improvement of the landing gear model (stiffness and damping parameters tuning). • Structural loads evaluation for different landing scenarios: • Gust intensity and direction. • Aircraft longitudinal and vertical speed. ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 9 Expectations on My Future Career • I would like to continue to have a technical career as researcher or application engineer. • I believe that the experiences matured during this 3 years industrial PhD will allow me to be a suitable candidate for a relevant and exciting position within the European aeronautical industrial/academic community. ALPES Mid Term Meeting Leuven -June 16th 2015 10