TOWARDS A CRITICAL CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AGENDA IN THE MENA REGION By Alaa’ Abu-Salah A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the American University of Sharjah College of Engineering in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering Sharjah, United Arab Emirates March 2014 © 2014 Alaa’ Abu-Salah. All rights reserved. Approval Signatures We, the undersigned, approve the Master’s Thesis of Alaa’ Abu-Salah. Thesis Title: Towards a Critical Construction Management Research Agenda in the MENA Region Signature Date of Signature (dd/mm/yy) ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Sameh M. El-Sayegh Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering Thesis Advisor ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Salwa Beheiry Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering Thesis Committee Member ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Moncer Hariga Professor, Industrial Engineering Thesis Committee Member ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Osman Akan Head, Department of Civil Engineering ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Hany El-Kadi Associate Dean College of Engineering ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Leland Blank Dean College of Engineering ___________________________ _______________ Dr. Khaled Assaleh Director of Graduate Studies Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dr. Sameh M. El-Sayegh my thesis advisor and my committee members Dr. Moncer Hariga and Dr. Salwa Beheiry for providing me with the valuable comments, suggestions and recommendations and the advice and guidance to finish this study in the correct direction. Very special thanks to my parents for their support and endless love. I really appreciate their encouragement to achieve my academic degree. I would also like to thank my fiancé Ali Husni Hijazi for his love, care, and never ending support. I am really proud of you! I would also like to thank all my professors, colleagues, relatives and my friends Sahar Chobboor and Lina Al-Samarai who stood by me in every step of the way caring, encouraging, loving, and cheering. Very special thanks to my university; American University of Sharjah; the place that brought to me high quality of education and lots of fun. Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my father, my mother, my brothers, my sisters in law, and to my nephews. It is also dedicated to all my professors, colleagues and friends. Special dedication to my fiancé to whom there are no words that can express my appreciation for his encouragement, cheering, help and support. Abstract Research in construction management has seen a lot of growth in recent years. The contribution of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is still relatively low. There is a need to identify the causes of the low contribution along with identifying the gaps and future directions. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the construction management research for the period 1997-2011 and to develop a research agenda for the next ten years in the MENA region. To fulfill the first objective, data was collected from the top two journals in construction management: the Construction Management and Economics (CME) journal & the Journal of Construction Engineering and Management (JCEM) over the 1997-2011 period. The collected data was analyzed and summarized. MENA authors published 174 papers out of 2,643 papers published in the two journals. It was found that the concentrated research topics were “project Management”, “Project Delivery Systems and Contracts”, “Time/Cost Planning and Control”, and “Human Factors, Management of Safety and Labor Relationships” while the less interest research topics were “Construction Planning and Control”, “Construction Operations and Methods”, “Construction Industry Structure and Environment”, and “Technology Development Issues”. Furthermore, in order to fulfill the second objective, a survey was conducted. The survey was sent to 250 researchers. The number of returned responses is 49. The top construction management research topics for the future are “Time/Cost Planning and Control”, “Project Delivery Systems and Contracts”, and “Project Management” while the expected top construction management research sub-topics are “Sustainability”, “Project delivery systems with public and/or private financing”, and “Risk analysis and management”. Additionally, it was found that the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Line of Balance (LOB) are expected to be the most applied methods in scheduling while Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Information Technology (IT) are expected to be commonly used among other technology sub- topics for the future. Furthermore, the best action that can be taken in advancing the construction management research in the MENA is to increase the research collaboration between the three sectors (academia, industry and government). Finally, research agenda is proposed and future topics and recommendations are provided. Keywords: construction management, research agenda, MENA, research topics 6 Table of Contents Acknoledgements ............................................................................................................4 Abstract ...........................................................................................................................6 List of Figures ............................................................................................................... 12 List of Tables ................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................. 18 1.1. Overview ......................................................................................................... 18 1.2. Statement of the Problem ................................................................................. 19 1.3. Objectives ....................................................................................................... 20 1.4. Significance ..................................................................................................... 20 1.5. Methodology ................................................................................................... 21 1.5.1. Objective 1 ............................................................................................ 21 1.5.2. Objective 2 ............................................................................................ 23 1.6. Thesis Organization ......................................................................................... 25 Chapter 2: Literature Review ..................................................................................... 26 2.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 26 2.2. Definition of MENA Countries ....................................................................... 26 2.3. Construction Management Research Agenda ................................................... 27 2.4. Developing Research Agenda .......................................................................... 34 2.5. Developing Construction Management Research Agenda ................................ 35 2.6. Developing Research Agenda in the MENA Region ........................................ 36 2.7. Chapter Summary ............................................................................................ 37 Chapter 3: Classification of Construction Management Topics .................................. 38 3.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 38 3.2. Methodology ................................................................................................... 38 3.3. Results ............................................................................................................ 38 3.3.1. Management and Organization of the Firm ............................................ 38 7 3.3.2. Construction Planning and Control ........................................................ 40 3.3.3. Site, Materials, and Equipment Management ......................................... 43 3.3.4. Time/Cost Planning and Control ............................................................ 44 3.3.5. Construction Operations and Methods ................................................... 47 3.3.6. Human Factors, Management of Safety and Labour Relationships ......... 49 3.3.7. Project Management .............................................................................. 52 3.3.8. Project Delivery Systems and Contracts ................................................. 54 3.3.9. Construction Industry Structure and Environment .................................. 56 3.3.10. Technology Development Issues .......................................................... 57 3.4. Chapter Summary ............................................................................................ 59 Chapter 4: Construction Management and Economics Journal .................................. 63 4.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 63 4.2. Analysis of the Issues and Papers .................................................................. 63 4.2.1. Analysis of the Issues............................................................................. 63 4.2.2. Analysis of the Papers in the Overall Region ......................................... 63 4.2.3. Analysis of the Papers in the MENA Region ......................................... 67 4.3. Main Contributing Authors .............................................................................. 70 4.3.1. Main Contributing Authors in the Overall Region .................................. 70 4.3.2. Main Contributing Authors in the MENA Region .................................. 73 4.4. Main Contributing Organizations ........................................................................ 80 4.4.1. Main Contributing Organizations in the Overall Region ......................... 80 4.4.2. Main Contributing Organizations in the MENA Region ......................... 85 4.5. Main Contributing Countries ........................................................................... 88 4.5.1. Main Contributing Countries in the Overall Region ............................... 88 4.5.2. Main Contributing Countries in the MENA Region ................................ 94 4.6. Analysis Based on Sector ................................................................................ 96 4.6.1. Analysis Based on Sector in the Overall Region ..................................... 96 8 4.6.2. Analysis Based on Sector in the MENA Region ..................................... 98 4.7. MENA to non-MENA Authors ........................................................................ 98 4.8. Analysis of Research Topics ............................................................................ 99 4.8.1. Analysis of Research Topics in the Overall Region ................................ 99 4.8.2. Analysis of ResearchTopics in the MENA Region ............................... 110 4.9. Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 122 Chapter 5: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management ........................... 124 5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 124 5.2. Analysis of the Issues and Papers ................................................................. 124 5.2.1. Analysis of the issues .......................................................................... 124 5.2.2. Analysis of the Papers in the Overall Region ....................................... 124 5.2.3. Analysis of the Papers in the MENA Region ....................................... 128 5.3. Main Contributing Authors ............................................................................ 131 5.3.1. Main Contributing Authors in the Overall Region ................................ 131 5.3.2. Main Contributing Authors in the MENA Region ................................ 134 5.4. Main Contributing Organizations................................................................... 144 5.4.1. Main Contributing Organizations in the Overall Region ....................... 144 5.4.2. Main Contributing Organizations in the MENA Region ....................... 149 5.5. Main Contributing Countries ......................................................................... 154 5.5.1. Main Contributing Countries in the Overall Region ............................. 154 5.5.2. Main Contributing Countries in the MENA Region .............................. 160 5.6. Analysis Based on Sector .............................................................................. 163 5.6.1. Analysis Based on Sector in the Overall Region ................................... 163 5.6.2. Analysis Based on Sector in the MENA Region ................................... 164 5.7. MENA to non-MENA Authors ...................................................................... 164 5.8. Analysis of Research Topics .......................................................................... 165 5.8.1. Analysis of Research Topics in the Overall Region .............................. 165 9 5.8.2. Analysis of Research Topics in the MENA Region .............................. 176 5.9. Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 188 Chapter 6: Construction Management Research Agenda ......................................... 190 6.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 190 6.2. Survey Development ..................................................................................... 190 6.2.1. Main Reasons/Factors of CM Research Gaps ....................................... 191 6.2.2. Top CM Research Topics ..................................................................... 192 6.2.3. Top CM Research Sub-topics .............................................................. 192 6.2.4. Top Scheduling Methods ..................................................................... 208 6.2.5. Top Technology Sub-topics ................................................................. 209 6.2.6. Procedures in Advancement of CM Research ....................................... 212 6.2.7. Situation of the CM Research over the Last Fifteen Years .................... 219 6.2.8. Expected CM Research Agenda for the Next Ten Years....................... 219 6.3. Survey analysis.............................................................................................. 219 6.3.1. Analysis of Respondents ...................................................................... 219 6.3.2. Analysis of CM Research Gaps ............................................................ 222 6.3.3. Analysis of Top CM research Topics ................................................... 225 6.3.4. Analysis of Top CM Research Sub-topics ............................................ 226 6.3.4.1. Sustainability .......................................................................... 228 6.3.4.2. Project delivery systems with public and/or private financing .. 230 6.3.4.3. Risk analysis and management ................................................ 232 6.3.4.4. Performance analysis and measurement ................................... 233 6.3.4.5. Productivity issues .................................................................. 235 6.3.5. Analysis of Top Scheduling Methods ................................................... 235 6.3.6. Analysis of Top Technology Sub-topics ............................................... 238 6.3.7. Analysis of Procedures in Advancement of CM Research .................... 239 6.3.8. Analysis of CM Research Situation over the Last Fifteen Years……. .. 241 10