“What this volume does very well is fill a gap in the literature by bringing to- gether an analysis of country and thematic policies and putting them firmly in the broader context of foreign policy and international relations. In the process, it improves our understanding of the politics of aid.” Andy Sumner, King’s College London, UK “This book offers a rich analysis of the domestic and international politics of foreign aid in a range of donor countries and several key crosscutting themes. It makes valuable theoretical and empirical contributions. I learned a lot from its historical perspectives and up-to-date examinations of the rapidly changing aid ecosystem.” Stephen Brown, School of Political Science, University of Ottawa, Canada AID POWER AND POLITICS Aid Power and Politics delves into the political roots of aid policy, demonstrating how and why governments across the world use aid for global influence, and exploring the role it plays in present-day global governance and international relations. In reconsidering aid as part of international relations, the book argues that the interplay between domestic and international development policy works in both directions, with individual countries having the capacity to shape global issues, while at the same time, global agreements and trends, in turn, shape the political behaviour of individual countries. Starting with the background of aid policy and international relations, the book goes on to explore the behaviour of both traditional and emerging donors (the US, the UK, the Nordic countries, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Brazil, and the European Union), and then finally looks at some big international agendas that have influenced donors, from the liberal consensus on democracy and good governance, to gender equality and global health. Aid Power and Politics will be an important read for international development students, researchers, practitioners, and policy makers, and for anyone who has ever wondered why it is that countries spend so much money on the well-being of non-citizens outside their borders. Iliana Olivié is a Senior Analyst at the Elcano Royal Institute, Spain, where she works on global development issues and coordinates the Elcano Global Presence Index. She is also an associate professor in the Department of Applied & Structural Economics & History, Complutense University of Madrid. Aitor Pérez, economist and political scientist, works as a consultant for UN agencies and international NGOs, conducting policy research and evaluation of aid-funded programmes in developing countries. He is also Senior Research Fellow at the Elcano Royal Institute. Rethinking Development Rethinking Development offers accessible and thought-provoking overviews of contemporary topics in international development and aid. Providing original empirical and analytical insights, the books in this series push thinking in new directions by challenging current conceptualizations and developing new ones. This is a dynamic and inspiring series for all those engaged with today’s de- bates surrounding development issues, whether they be students, scholars, policy makers and practitioners internationally. These interdisciplinary books provide an invaluable resource for discussion in advanced undergraduate and postgradu- ate courses in development studies as well as in anthropology, economics, poli- tics, geography, media studies and sociology. Epistemic Freedom in Africa Deprovincialization and Decolonization Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni Foreign Aid in the Age of Populism Political Economy Analysis from Washington to Beijing Viktor Jakupec and Max Kelly Researching South-South Development Cooperation The Politics of Knowledge Production Elsje Fourie, Emma Mawdsley and Wiebe Nauta Aid Power and Politics Edited by Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez Participatory Arts in International Development Edited by Paul Cooke and Inés Soria-Donlan AID POWER AND POLITICS Edited by Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez First published 2020 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 selection and editorial matter, Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-1-138-34125-8 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-138-34127-2 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-44023-6 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by codeMantra CONTENTS Contributors ix Introduction 1 Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez PART 1 Aid in the framework of international relations theories 9 1 The politics of aid from the perspective of international relations theories 11 Bernabé Malacalza 2 Foreign aid’s motivations: theoretical arguments and empirical evidence 34 Gino N. Pauselli PART 2 The politics of donors’ aid policies, a country-based approach 51 3 The US elite consensus on aid 53 Henry de Cazotte 4 The UK: an aid superpower at a crossroads 73 Myles Wickstead viii Contents 5 The Scandinavians: aid policy determinants and performances 89 Olav Stokke 6 Japanese development assistance: economic and political win-win proposals 116 Marie Söderberg 7 Spain: the rise and fall of a compliant donor 131 Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez 8 While the cat’s away, will the mice play? Government- NGO relations and the politics of aid in Hungary 149 Krisztina Szabó, Balázs Szent-Iványi, and András Tétényi 9 Brazilian cooperation policy: promotion of development and global projection 165 Guillermo Santander 10 Solidarity and security in the EU discourse on aid 179 Iliana Olivié and Aitor Pérez PART 3 Thematic agendas 197 11 Donorship in a state of flux 199 Nilima Gulrajani and Liam Swiss 12 The international politics of aid: ‘good governance’ and democracy promotion 223 David Williams 13 Gender inequality, aid agencies, and global norms 238 Lars Engberg-Pedersen 14 Old and new powers in development assistance in health 255 Eduardo Missoni and Fabrizio Tediosi 15 ‘We first’ and the anti-foreign aid narratives of populist radical-right parties in Europe 272 Margarita Gómez-Reino CONTRIBUTORS Henry de Cazotte, former director at the Agence Française de Developpement (AFD), has been Special Representative for Habitat III, Special Advisor to the Executive Coordinator of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Devel- opment Rio +20, and Coordinator of the French Inter Department Task Team on the post-2015 process and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) p rocess. He has also worked for the AFD and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Brazil and Southern Africa. Currently, Henry de Cazotte is involved in diverse NGO sustainable development activi- ties in France and abroad, including local sustainable development, and practices winegrowing in the Champagne region. Lars Engberg-Pedersen is a Senior Researcher at the Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS). He works on international development cooper- ation and global norms. He has undertaken research on aid in fragile situations, aid management practices, and poverty reduction by local organisations, among other issues. As a practitioner, he headed the development cooperation of a major Danish NGO, and he advised on local government for a ministry in Burkina Faso. He has recently co-edited Rethinking Gender Equality in Global Governance: The Delusion of Norm Diffusion (2020). Margarita Gómez-Reino is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia. She is currently part of the research project “Crisis económica, cambio social y nuevos actores politicos” (Economic crisis, social change and new political actors) funded by the Spanish Ministry for the Economy and Competitiveness (Research Grant CSO2013- 47667-P). She has belonged to the international network Teampopulism since 2014. She has recently published Nationalisms in the European Arena: Trajectories of Transnational Party Coordination (2018).