UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 1999 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1999 For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–9328 ISBN O–16–036158–3 Agricultural Statistics, 1999 Agricultural Statistics, 1999 was prepared under the direction of BILL PRATT, Agricultural Statistics Board, National Agricultural Statistics Service. ROSE PETRONE was responsible for coordination and technical editorial work. The USDA and NASS invite you to explore their information on the Internet. The USDA Home Page address is http://www.usda.gov/ and the NASS Home Page address is: http://www.usda.gov/nass/. For information on NASS products you may call the Agricultural Statistics Hotline, 1–800–727–9540 or send e-mail to [email protected]. The cooperation of the many contributors to this publication is gratefully acknowledged. Source notes below each table credit the various Government agencies which collaborated in furnishing informa- tion. CONTENTS Page Page Introduction .......................................................................... iii VII—Cattle, hogs, and sheep: Weights, measures, and conversion factors ................ iv Cattle and calves .................................................. VII-1 Hogs...................................................................... VII-19 I—Grain and feed: Sheep and lambs .................................................. VII-29 Total grain supply ................................................ I-1 Wool ..................................................................... VII-38 Food grains: Goats and mohair................................................. VII-44 Wheat................................................................ I-1 Meats .................................................................... VII-46 Hides..................................................................... VII-51 Rye.................................................................... I-12 Livestock numbers ............................................... VII-55 Rice................................................................... I-16 Feed grains: VIII—Dairy and poultry statistics: Corn.................................................................. I-24 Cows, milk ........................................................... VIII-1 Oats................................................................... I-33 Chickens ...............................................................VIII-30 Barley................................................................ I-37 Dairy products......................................................VIII-14 Sorghum ........................................................... I-42 Turkeys.................................................................VIII-41 Grain consumption............................................... I-47 Eggs......................................................................VIII-43 Animal units fed................................................... I-48 IX—Farm resources, income and expenses: Feedstuffs.............................................................. I-49 Economic trends................................................... IX-1 Farm property....................................................... IX-2 II—Cotton, tobacco, sugar crops, and honey: Farm labor ............................................................ IX-12 Cotton ................................................................... II-1 Farm production and distribution ........................ IX-20 Sugarbeets............................................................. II-11 Prices and income ................................................ IX-24 Sugar..................................................................... II-14 Costs and expenses .............................................. IX-38 Honey.................................................................... II-21 Beeswax................................................................ II-21 X—Taxes, insurance, credit, and cooperatives: Syrups................................................................... II-24 Taxes and insurance............................................. X-1 Credit and loan programs .................................... X-14 Tobacco ................................................................ II-25 Farmers’ cooperatives .......................................... X-17 Rural utilities........................................................ X-23 III—Oilseeds, fats, and oils: Cottonseed............................................................ III-1 XI—Stabilization and price-support programs: Flaxseed................................................................ III-5 Price support......................................................... XI-1 Peanuts.................................................................. III-8 Payments to producers......................................... XI-10 Soybeans............................................................... III-13 Marketing agreements and orders........................ XI-14 Sunflower.............................................................. III-19 XII—Agricultural conservation and forestry statistics: Peppermint and spearmint.................................... III-22 Conservation & pollution abatement programs .. XII-17 Olive oil................................................................ III-23 Soil conservation programs.................................. XII-18 Margarine.............................................................. III-23 Forestry................................................................. XII-26 Shortening............................................................. III-24 Fats and oils ......................................................... III-25 XIII—Consumption and family living: Population............................................................. XIII-1 IV—Vegetables and melons: Food consumption and nutrition.......................... XIII-1 Vegetables and melons ........................................ IV-1 Prices at retail levels............................................XIII-10 Vegetable arrivals and shipments........................ IV-30 Food service establishments ................................XIII-10 Vegetable utilization ............................................ IV-33 XIV—Fertilizers and pesticides: Commercial pack.................................................. IV-35 Field crops............................................................ XIV-1 Fruits.....................................................................XIV-11 V—Fruits, tree nuts, and horticultural specialties: Vegetables ............................................................XIV-12 Fruits..................................................................... V-1 Tree nuts............................................................... V-38 XV—Miscellaneous agricultural statistics: Cocoa beans, coffee, and tea............................... V-43 Agricultural imports and exports......................... XV-2 Mushrooms........................................................... V-46 Food acquisitions.................................................. XV-12 Flowers ................................................................. V-48 Fishery statistics................................................... XV-13 Refrigeration statistics.......................................... XV-25 VI—Hay, seeds, and minor field crops: Alaska statistics.................................................... XV-27 Crop rankings....................................................... XV-28 Hay........................................................................ VI-1 Crop progress ....................................................... XV-29 Seeds..................................................................... VI-6 ii Beans, dry edible.................................................. VI-7 Appendix I: Peas, dry ............................................................... VI-10 Telephone contact list .............................................A...p..pendix-1 Hops...................................................................... VI-10 Index.....................................................................................Index-1 Introduction Agricultural Statistics is published each year to meet the diverse need for a reliable reference book on agricultural production, supplies, consumption, facilities, costs, and returns. Its tables of annual data cover a wide variety of facts in forms suited to most common use. Inquiries concerning more current or more detailed data, past and prospective revisions, or the sta- tistical methodology used should be addressed directly to the agency credited with preparing the table. Most of the data were prepared or compiled in the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The historical series in this volume have been generally limited to data beginning with 1989 or later. Foreign agricultural trade statistics include Government as well as non-Government shipments of merchandise from the United States and Territories to foreign countries. They do not include U.S. shipments to the U.S. Armed Forces abroad for their own use or shipments between the States and U.S. Territories. The world summaries of production and trade of major farm products are prepared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture from reports of the U.S. Department of Commerce, official ´ statistics of foreign governments, other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. Agricultural Attaches and Foreign Service Officers, and the result of office research. Statistics presented in many of the tables represent actual counts of the items covered. Most of the statistics relating to foreign trade and to Government programs, such as numbers and amounts of loans made to farmers, and amounts of loans made by the Commodity Credit Corporation, etc., are data of this type. A large number of other tables, however, contain data that are estimates made by the Department of Agriculture. The estimates for crops, livestock, and poultry made by the U.S. Department of Agriculture are prepared mainly to give timely current State and national totals and averages. They are based on data obtained by sample surveys of farmers and of people who do business with farmers. The survey data are supplemented by information from the Censuses of Agriculture taken every five years and check data from various sources. Being estimates, they are subject to revision as more data become available from commerical or Government sources. Unless otherwise indicated, the totals for the United States shown in the various tables on area, production, numbers, price, value, supplies, and disposition are based on official Department estimates. They exclude States for which no official esti- mates are compiled. DEFINITIONS ‘‘Value of production’’ as applied to crops in the various tables, is derived by multiplying produc- tion by the estimated season average price received by farmers for that portion of the commodity actually sold. In the case of fruits and vegetables, quantities not harvested because of low prices or other economic factors are not included in value of production. The word ‘‘Value’’ is used in the inventory tables on livestock and poultry to mean value of the number of head on the inventory date. It is derived by multiplying the number of head by an estimated value per head as of the date. The word ‘‘Year’’ (alone) in a column heading means calendar year unless otherwise indicated. ‘‘Ton’’ when used in this book without qualifications means a short ton of 2,000 pounds. iii iv AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1999 WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND CONVERSION FACTORS The following table on weights, measures, and conversion factors covers the most important agri- cultural products, or the products for which such information is most frequently asked of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It does not cover all farm products nor all containers for any one product. The information has been assembled from State schedules of legal weights, various sources within the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and other Government agencies. For most products, particularly fruits and vegetables, there is a considerable variation in weight per unit of volume due to differences in variety or size of commodity, condition and tightness of pack, degree to which the container is heaped, etc. Effort has been made to select the most representative and fairest average for each prod- uct. For those commodities which develop considerable shrinkage, the point of origin weight or weight at harvest has been used. The approximate or average weights as given in this table do not necessarily have official standing as a basis for packing or as grounds for settling disputes. Not all of them are recognized as legal weight. The table was prepared chiefly for use of workers in the U.S. Department of Agriculture who have need of conversion factors in statistical computations. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1999 v WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND CONVERSION FACTORS (See explanatory text just preceding this table) WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Approximate net Approximate net Commodity Unit1 weight Commodity Unit1 weight U.S. Metric U.S. Metric Pounds Kilograms Pounds Kilograms AAlpfapllfeas s.e..e..d................. B...u..sdhoel.............................. 6408 2271..28 Celery................ Crate8.............. 60 27.2 Do .............. Loose pack ...... 38–42 17.2–19.1 Cherries ............ Lug (Camp- Do .............. Tray pack......... 40–45 18.1–20.4 bell)9 ............ 16 7.3 Do .............. Cell pack.......... 37–41 16.8–18.6 Do .............. Lug................... 20 9.1 Apricots............. Lug (brent- Clover seed....... Bushel.............. 60 27.2 wood)2 ......... 24 10.9 Coffee ............... Bag................... 132.3 60 Western......... 4–basket crate3 26 11.8 Corn: Artichokes: Ear, husked... Bushel.............. 1070 31.8 Globe............. Ctn, by count Shelled .......... ......do............... 56 25.4 and loose Meal............... ......do............... 50 22.7 pack.............. 20–25 9.1–11.3 Oil.................. Gallon............... 77.7 3.5 Jerusalem...... Bushel.............. 50 22.7 Syrup............. .....do................ 11.72 5.3 Asparagus......... Crate (NJ) ........ 30 13.6 Sweet ............ Wirebound crate 50 22.7 Avocados .......... Lug4................. 12–15 5.4–6.8 Do .............. Ctn, packed 5 Bananas............ Fiber folding oz. ears ........ 50 22.7 box5 ............. 40 18.1 Do .............. WDB crate, Barley................ Bushel.............. 48 21.8 41⁄2–5 oz. Beans: (from FL & Lima, dry ....... .....do................ 56 25.4 NJ)................ 42 19.1 Other, dry ...... .....do................ 60 27.2 Cotton ............... Bale, gross....... 11500 227 Sack................. 100 45.4 Do .............. Bale, net........... 11480 218 Lima Cottonseed........ Bushel.............. 1232 14.5 unshelled Bushel.............. 28–32 12.7–14.5 Cottonseed oil... Gallon............... 77.7 3.5 Snap.............. .....do................ 28–32 12.7–14.5 Cowpeas........... Bushel.............. 60 27.2 Beets: Cranberries ....... Barrel ............... 100 45.4 TBoupnpcehded.................. S1⁄2acckra.t.e.. .2.. .d..z..-..... 25 11.3 CreaDmo, 4..0..–..p..e..r.-... 1⁄4–bbl. box13... 25 11.3 bchs.............. 36–40 16.3–18.1 cent butterfat Gallon............... 8.38 3.80 Berries frozen Cucumbers........ Bushel.............. 48 21.8 pack: Dewberries........ 24–qt. crate...... 36 16.3 Without sugar 50–gal. barrel... 380 172 Eggplant............ Bushel.............. 33 15.0 3 + 1 pack ..... .....do................ 425 193 Eggs, average 2 + 1 pack ..... .....do................ 450 204 size................ Case, 30 dozen 47.0 21.3 Blackberries ...... 12, 1⁄2-pint bas- Escarole............ Bushel.............. 25 11.3 ket................. 6 2.7 Figs, fresh......... Box single Bluegrass seed Bushel.............. 14–30 6.4–13.6 layer14.......... 6 2.7 Broccoli ............. Wirebound crate 20–25 9.1–11.3 Flaxseed ........... Bushel.............. 56 25.4 Broboamlesc oprenr (t6on) Bale.................. 333 151 Flour, various.... Bag................... 100 45.4 Broomcorn seed Bushel.............. 44–50 20.0–22.7 Do .............. Ctn or Crate, Brussels sprouts Ctn, loose pack 25 11.3 Bulk .............. 30 13.6 Buckwheat ........ Bushel.............. 48 21.8 Garlic................. Ctn of 12 tubes Butter ................ Box................... 64 29.0 or 12 film bag Cabbage ........... Open mesh bag 50 22.7 pkgs 12 Do .............. Flabtu c)ra..t.e.. .(.1..3..⁄.4.... 50–60 22.7–27.2 Grapefruit: cloves each .. 10 4.5 Do .............. Ctn, place pack 53 24.0 Florida and Cantaloups........ Crate ................ 40 18.1 Texas......... 1⁄2–box mesh Carrots .............. Film plastic bag ............... 40 18.1 Bags, mesh Florida ........... 13⁄5bu. box....... 85 38.6 sacks & car- Texas............. 12⁄5bu. box....... 80 36.3 tons holding California and 48 1 lb. film Arizona....... Box15............... 1667 30.4 bags.............. 55 24.9 Grapes: Without tops .. Burlap sack...... 74–80 33.6–36.3 Eastern.......... 12–qt. basket ... 20 9.1 Castor beans .... Bushel.............. 41 18.6 Western......... Lug................... 28 12.7 Castor oil........... Gallon............... 78 3.6 Do .............. 4–basket Cauliflower ........ W.G.A. crate .... 50–60 22.7–27.2 crate17.......... 20 9.1 Do .............. Fiberboard box Hempseed......... Bushel.............. 44 20.0 wrapper Hickory nuts...... .....do................ 50 22.7 leaves re- Honey................ Gallon............... 11.84 5.4 moved film- Honeydew mel- wrapped, 2 ons................. 2⁄3Ctn 28–32 12.7–14.5 layers............ 23–35 10.4–15.9 Hops.................. Bale, gross....... 200 90.7 See footnotes on page ix. vi AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1999 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES—Continued Approximate net Approximate net Commodity Unit1 weight Commodity Unit1 weight U.S. Metric U.S. Metric Pounds Kilograms Pounds Kilograms Horseradish Do.............. Ctn, Tight-fill roots.............. Bushel .............. 35 15.9 pack .............. 36–37 16.3–16.7 Do.............. Sack ................. 50 22.7 Peas: Hungarian millet Green, seed .............. Bushel .............. 48 and 21.8–22.7 unshelled... Bushel .............. 28–30 12.7–13.6 Kale .................. Ctn or crate ...... 2550 11.7 Dry ................ ......do ............... 60 27.2 Kapok seed ...... ......do ............... 35–40 15.9–18.1 Peppers, green ......do ............... 25–30 11.3–13.6 Lard .................. Tierce ............... 375 170 Do.............. 11⁄2bu carton ... 28 12.7 Lemons: Perilla seed....... Bushel .............. 37–40 16.8–18.1 California and Pineapples........ Carton............... 40 18.1 Arizona ...... Box18 ............... 76 34.5 Plums and Do.............. Carton............... 38 17.2 prunes: Ctn & lugs ........ 28 12.7 Lentils ............... Bushel .............. 60 27.2 Do.............. 1⁄2-bu. basket.... 30 13.6 Lettuce, iceberg Iceberg, carton Popcorn: packed 24..... 43–52 19.5–23.6 On ear........... Bushel .............. 1070 31.8 Lettuce, hot- Shelled.......... ......do ............... 56 25.4 house ............ 24-qt. basket .... 10 4.5 Poppy seed ...... ......do ............... 46 20.9 Limes (Florida) Box ................... 88 39.9 Potatoes ........... Bushel .............. 60 27.2 Linseed oil ........ Gallon............... 77.7 3.5 Do.............. Barrel................ 165 74.8 Malt................... Bushel .............. 34 15.4 Do.............. Box ................... 50 22.7 Maple syrup...... Gallon............... 11.02 5.00 Do.............. ......do ............... 100 45.4 Meadow fescue Quinces ............ Bushel .............. 48 21.8 seed .............. Bushel .............. 24 10.9 Rapeseed ......... ......do ............... 50 and 22.7–27.2 Milk ................... Gallon............... 8.6 3.90 60 Millet ................. Bushel .............. 48–60 21.8–22.7 Raspberries ...... 1⁄2-pint baskets 6 2.7 Molasses: Redtop seed..... Bushel .............. 50 and 22.7–27.2 edible ............ Gallon............... 11.74 5.3 60 inedible.......... ......do ............... 11.74 5.3 Refiners’ syrup Gallon............... 11.45 5.2 Mustard seed.... Bushel .............. 58–60 26.3–27.2 Rice: Oats.................. ......do ............... 32 14.5 Rough ........... Bushel .............. 45 20.4 Olives................ Lug ................... 25–30 11.3–13.6 Do.............. Bag................... 100 45.4 Olive oil............. Gallon............... 77.6 3.5 Do.............. Barrel................ 162 73.5 Onions, dry....... Sack ................. 50 22.7 Milled............. Pocket or bag... 100 45.4 Onions, green Rosin ................ Drum, net ......... 520 236 bunched ........ Ctn, 24-dz bchs 10–16 4.5–7.3 Rutabagas ........ Bushel .............. 56 25.4 Oranges: Rye ................... ......do ............... 56 25.4 Florida........... Box ................... 90 40.8 Sesame seed ... ......do ............... 46 20.9 Texas ............ Box ................... 85 38.5 Shallots............. Crate (4–7 doz. California and bunches)....... 20–35 9.1–15.9 ADroiz.o..n..a............... BCoaxrt1o5n.............................. 3785 1374..20 Sorgo: Orchardgrass Seed.............. Bushel .............. 50 22.7 seed .............. Bushel .............. 14 6.4 Syrup............. Gallon............... 11.55 5.2 Palm oil............. Gallon............... 77.7 3.5 Sorghum Parsnips............ Bushel .............. 50 22.7 grain19 Bushel .............. 56 25.4 Peaches............ ......do ............... 48 21.8 Soybeans.......... ......do ............... 60 27.2 Do.............. 2 layer ctn or Soybean oil....... Gallon............... 77.7 3.5 lug................. 22 10.0 Spelt ................. Bushel .............. 40 18.1 PeanDuot o..i.l.................... G3⁄4a-lBloun, C...t.n../.c.r..a..t.e.. 773.78 137..52 SSptrianwabcher.r.i.e..s............. .2..4..-.qdto. c.r.a..t.e................. 18–2306 8.2–196..13 Peanuts, Do.............. 12-pt. crate....... 9–11 4.1–5.0 unshelled: Sudangrass Virginia type.. Bushel .............. 17 7.7 seed .............. Bushel .............. 40 18.1 Runners, Sugarcane: South-east- Syrup ern ............. ......do ............... 21 9.5 (sulfured or Spanish: un-sulfured) Gallon............... 11.45 5.2 Southeast- Sunflower seed Bushel .............. 24 and 10.9–14.5 ern.......... ......do ............... 25 11.3 32 Southwest- Sweetpotatoes.. ......do ............... 2055 24.9 ern.......... ......do ............... 25 11.3 Do.............. Crate................. 50 22.7 Pears: Tangerines: California....... Bushel .............. 48 21.8 Florida........... Box ................... 95 43.1 Other............. ......do ............... 50 22.7 Arizona.......... Box ................... 75 34.0 Do.............. Std box, 4/5 bu 45–48 20.4–21.8 California....... Box ................... 75 34.0 See footnotes on page ix. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1999 vii *ERR11*WEIGHTS AND MEASURES—Continued Approximate net Approximate net Commodity Unit1 weight Commodity Unit1 weight U.S. Metric U.S. Metric Pounds Kilograms Pounds Kilograms TTiomboatchcyo :seed.... Bushel .............. 45 20.4 Turnips: Maryland ....... Hogshead......... 775 352 Without tops.. Mesh sack........ 50 22.7 Flue-cured..... .....do ................ 950 431 Bunched........ Crate6 .............. 70–80 31.8–36.3 Burley............ .....do ................ 975 442 Turpentine ........ Gallon............... 7.23 3.3 Dark air-cured .....do ................ 1,150 522 Velvetbeans Virginia fire- (hulled) Bushel .............. 60 27.2 cured .....do ................ 1,350 612 Vetch ................ .....do ................ 60 27.2 Kentucky and Walnuts............. Sacks................ 50 22.7 Tennessee Water 60(cid:176) F...... Gallon............... 8.33 3.8 fire-cured .....do ................ 1,500 680 Watermelons .... Melons of aver- Cigar-leaf ...... Case................. 250–365 113–166 age or me- Do.............. Bale .................. 150–175 68.0–79.4 dium size ...... 25 11.3 Tomatoes.......... Crate................. 60 27.2 Wheat ............... Bushel .............. 60 27.2 Do.............. Lug box ............ 32 14.5 Various com- Do.............. 2-layer flat ........ 21 9.5 modities......... Short ton........... 2,000 907 Tomatoes, hot- Do.............. Long ton ........... 2,240 1,016 house 12-qt. basket .... 20 9.1 Do.............. Metric ton ......... 2,204.6 1,000 Tung oil............. Gallon............... 77.8 3.5 See footnotes on page ix. To Convert From Avoirdupois Pounds To Multiply by Kilograms....................................................................................0.45359237 Metric tons ..................................................................................0.00045359237 Conversion Factors 1 Metric ton=2,204.622 pounds 1 Kilogram=2.2046 pounds 1 Acre=0.4047 hectares 1 Hectare=2.47 acres 1 Square mile=640 acres=259 hectares 1 Gallon=3.7853 liters viii AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1999 CONVERSION FACTORS Commodity Unit Approximate equivalent Apples ....................................................... 1 pound dried ...................... 7 pounds fresh; beginning 1943, 8 pounds fresh Do...................................................... 1 pound chops..................... 5 pounds fresh Do...................................................... 1 case canned21................. 1.4 bushels fresh Applesauce................................................ ......do21............................... 1.2 bushels fresh Apricots ..................................................... 1 pound dried ...................... 6 pounds fresh Barley flour................................................ 100 pounds.......................... 4.59 bushels barley Beans, lima ............................................... 1 pound shelled................... 2 pounds unshelled Beans, snap or wax .................................. 1 case canned22................. 0.008 ton fresh Buckwheat flour......................................... 100 pounds.......................... 3.47 bushels buckwheat Calves ....................................................... 1 pound live weight ............. 0.586 pound dressed weight (1995 average) Cattle......................................................... ......do................................... 0.601 pound dressed weight (1995 average) Cane syrup................................................ 1 gallon................................ 5 pounds sugar Cherries, tart ............................................. 1 case canned21................. 0.023 ton fresh Chickens.................................................... 1 pound live weight ............. 0.72 pound ready-to-cook weight Corn, shelled............................................. 1 bushel (56 lbs.) ................ 2 bushels (70 pounds) of husked ear corn Corn, sweet............................................... 1 case canned22................. 0.030 ton fresh Cornmeal: Degermed.............................................. 100 pounds.......................... 3.16 bushels corn, beginning 1946 Nondegermed........................................ ......do................................... 2 bushels corn, beginning 1946 Cotton........................................................ 1 pound ginned ................... 3.26 pounds seed cotton, including trash23 Cottonseed meal....................................... 1 pound ............................... 2.10 pounds cottonseed Cottonseed oil ........................................... ......do................................... 5.88 pounds cottonseed Dairy products: Butter ..................................................... ......do................................... 21.1 pounds milk Cheese .................................................. ......do................................... 10 pounds milk Condensed milk, whole ......................... ......do................................... 2.3 pounds milk Dry cream.............................................. ......do................................... 19 pounds milk Dry milk, whole...................................... ......do................................... 7.6 pounds milk Evaporated milk, whole ......................... ......do................................... 2.14 pounds milk Malted milk ............................................ ......do................................... 2.6 pounds milk Nonfat dry milk ...................................... ......do................................... 11 pounds liquid skim milk Ice cream24........................................... 1 gallon................................ 15 pounds milk Ice cream24(eliminating fat from butter ......do................................... 12 pounds milk and concentrated milk). Eggs .......................................................... 1 case.................................. 47 pounds Eggs, shell................................................. ......do................................... 39.5 pounds frozen or liquid whole eggs Do...................................................... ......do................................... 10.3 pounds dried whole eggs Figs............................................................ 1 pound dried ...................... 3 pounds fresh in California; 4 pounds fresh elsewhere Flaxseed.................................................... 1 bushel............................... About 21⁄2gallons oil Grapefruit, Florida ..................................... 1 case canned juice22 ........ 0.64 box fresh fruit Hogs.......................................................... 1 pound live weight ............. 0.727 pound dressed weight, excluding lard (1995 average) Linseed meal............................................. 1 pound ............................... 1.51 pounds flaxseed Linseed oil................................................. ......do................................... 2.77 pounds flaxseed Malt............................................................ 1 bushel (34 lbs.) ................ 1 bushel barley (48 lbs.) Maple syrup............................................... 1 gallon................................ 8 pounds maple sugar Nuts: Almonds, imported................................. 1 pound shelled................... 31⁄2pounds unshelled Almonds, California ............................... ......do................................... 2.22 pounds unshelled through 1949; 2 pounds thereafter Brazil...................................................... ......do................................... 2 pounds unshelled Cashews................................................ ......do................................... 4.55 pounds unshelled Chestnuts............................................... ......do................................... 1.19 pounds unshelled Filberts................................................... ......do................................... 2.22 pounds unshelled through 1949; 2.5 pounds thereafter Pecans: Seedling................................................. ......do................................... 2.78 pounds unshelled Improved................................................ ......do................................... 2.50 pounds unshelled Pignolias.................................................... ......do................................... 1.3 pounds unshelled Pistachios.................................................. ......do................................... 2 pounds unshelled Walnuts: Black...................................................... ......do................................... 5.88 pounds unshelled Persian (English) ................................... ......do................................... 2.67 pounds unshelled Oatmeal..................................................... 100 pounds.......................... 7.6 bushels oats, beginning 1943 Oranges, Florida ....................................... 1 case canned juice22 ........ 0.53 box fresh Peaches, California, freestone.................. 1 pound dried ...................... 51⁄3pounds fresh through 1918; 6 pounds fresh for 1919–28; and 61⁄2pounds fresh from 1929 to date Peaches, California, clingstone................. ......do................................... 71⁄2pounds fresh Peaches, clingstone.................................. 1 case canned21................. 1 bushel fresh Do...................................................... ......do................................... 0.0230 ton fresh Peanuts ..................................................... 1 pound shelled................... 11⁄2pounds unshelled Pears......................................................... 1 pound dried ...................... 61⁄2pounds fresh Pears, Bartlett ........................................... 1 case canned22................. 1.1 bushels fresh Do...................................................... ......do................................... 0.026 ton fresh See footnotes on page ix. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1999 ix CONVERSION FACTORS—Continued Commodity Unit Approximate equivalent Peas, green............................................... 1 pound shelled................... 21⁄2pounds unshelled Do...................................................... 1 case canned22................. 0.009 ton fresh (shelled) Prunes....................................................... 1 pound dried ...................... 2.7 pounds fresh in California; 3 to 4 pounds fresh elsewhere Raisins....................................................... 1 pound ............................... 4.3 pounds fresh grapes Rice, milled (excluding brewers)............... 100 pounds.......................... 152 pounds rough or unhulled rice Rye flour.................................................... ......do................................... 2.23 bushels rye, beginning 1947 Sheep and lambs...................................... 1 pound live weight ............. 0.504 pound dressed weight (1995 average) Soybean meal ........................................... 1 pound ............................... 1.27 pounds soybeans Soybean oil ............................................... ......do................................... 5.49 pounds soybeans Sugar......................................................... 1 ton raw ............................. 0.9346 ton refined Tobacco..................................................... 1 pound farm-sales weight.. Various weights of stemmed and unstemmed, according to aging and the type of tobacco. (See circular 435, U.S. Dept. of Agr.) Tomatoes .................................................. 1 case canned22................. 0.018 ton fresh Turkeys...................................................... 1 pound live weight ............. 0.80 pound ready-to-cook weight Wheat flour................................................ 100 pounds.......................... 2.30 bushels wheat25 Wool, domestic apparel shorn .................. 1 pound greasy ................... 0.48 pounds scoured Wool, domestic apparel pulled.................. ......do................................... 0.73 pound scoured 1Standard bushel used in the United States contains 2,150.42 cubic inches; the gallon, 231 cubic inches; the cranberry barrel, 5,826 cubic inches; and the standard fruit and vegetable barrel, 7,056 cubic inches. Such large-sized products as apples and potatoes sometimes are sold on the basis of a heaped bushel, which would exceed somewhat the 2,150.42 cubic inches of a bushel basket level full. This also applies to such products as sweetpotatoes, peaches, green beans, green peas, spinach, etc. 2Approximate inside dimensions, 45⁄8by 121⁄2by 161⁄8inches. 3Approximate inside dimensions, 41⁄2by 16 by 161⁄8inches. 4Approximate dimensions, 41⁄2by 131⁄2by 161⁄8inches. 5Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 12 by 32 inches. 6Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 18 by 215⁄8inches. 7This is the weight commonly used in trade practices, the actual weight varying according to temperature conditions. 8Approximate inside dimensions, 93⁄4by 16 by 20 inches. 9Approximate inside dimensions, 41⁄8by 111⁄2by 14 inches. 10The standard weight of 70 pounds is usually recognized as being about 2 measured bushels of corn, husked, on the ear, because it required 70 pounds to yield 1 bushel, or 56 pounds, of shelled corn. 11For statistical purposes the bale of cotton is 500 pounds or 480 pounds net weight. Prior to Aug. 1, 1946, the net weight was estimated at 478 pounds. Actual bale weights vary considerably, and the customary average weights of bales of foreign cotton differ from that of the American square bale. 12This is the average weight of cottonseed, although the legal weight in some States varies from this figure of 32 pounds. 13Approximate inside dimensions, 91⁄4by 101⁄2by 15 inches. 14Approximate inside dimensions, 13⁄4by 11 by 161⁄8inches. 15Approximate inside dimensions, 111⁄2by 111⁄2by 24 inches. 16Beginning withe 1993-94 season, net weights for California Desert Valley and Arizona grapefruit were increased from 64 to 67 pounds, equal to the California other area net weight, making a 67 pound net weight apply to all of California. 17Approximate inside dimensions, 43⁄4by 16 by 161⁄8inches. 18Approximate inside dimensions, 97⁄8by 13 by 25 inches.6 by 16 by 161⁄8inches. 19Includes both sorghum grain (kafir, milo, hegari, etc.) and sweet sorghum varieties. 20This average of 55 pounds indicates the usual weight of sweetpotatoes when harvested. Much weight is lost in curing or drying and the net weight when sold in terminal markets may be below 55 pounds. 21Case of 24 No. 21⁄2cans. 22Case of 24 No. 303 cans. 23Varies widely by method of harvesting. 24The milk equivalent of ice cream per gallon is 15 pounds. Reports from plants indicate about 81 percent of the butterfat in ice cream is from milk and cream, the remainder being from butter and concentrated milk. Thus the milk equivalent of the milk and cream in a gallon of ice cream is about 12 pounds. 25This is equivalent to 4.51 bushels of wheat per barrel (196 pounds) of flour and has been used in conversions, begin- ning July 1, 1957. Because of changes in milling processes, the following factors per barrel of flour have been used for earlier periods: 1790–1879, 5 bushels; 1880–1908, 4.75 bushels, 1909–17, 4.7 bushels; 1918 and 1919, 4.5 bushels; 1920, 4.6 bushels; 1921–44, 4.7 bushels; July 1944–Feb. 1946, 4.57 bushels; March 1946–Oct. 1946, average was about 4.31 bushels; and Nov. 1946–June 1957, 4.57 bushels. CHAPTER I STATISTICS OF GRAIN AND FEED This chapter contains tables for wheat, rye, rice, corn, oats, barley, sorghum grain, and feedstuffs. Estimates are given of area, production, disposition, supply and disappearance, prices, value of pro- duction, stocks, foreign production and trade, price-support operations, animal units fed, and feed consumed by livestock and poultry. Table 1-1.—Total grain: Supply and disappearance, United States, 1988–971 Supply Disappearance Year2 Besgtoincnkisng Production Imports Total Doumseestic Exports disTaanpocptaeelar- Estnodciknsg Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million metric metric metric metric metric metric metric metric tons tons tons tons tons tons tons tons 1988..................... 169.9 206.3 2.0 378.1 188.1 103.6 291.6 86.5 1989..................... 86.5 284.0 2.3 372.7 204.5 106.7 311.3 61.4 1990..................... 61.4 312.1 2.8 376.3 220.0 83.8 303.8 72.5 1991..................... 72.5 279.7 3.8 356.0 220.2 87.6 307.9 48.2 1992..................... 48.2 352.7 3.6 404.5 233.7 91.5 325.2 79.3 1993..................... 79.3 258.8 7.3 345.4 224.2 77.2 301.4 44.0 1994..................... 44.0 355.6 6.2 405.9 246.1 99.3 345.3 60.5 1995..................... 60.5 277.3 5.0 342.8 216.5 100.5 317.0 25.8 1996..................... 25.8 335.5 5.9 367.2 244.5 82.3 326.9 40.3 19973 .................. 40.3 336.3 5.9 382.5 246.0 77.4 323.4 59.1 1Aggregate data on corn, sorghum, barley, oats, wheat, rye, and rice. 2The marketing year for corn and sorghum be- gins September 1; for oats, barley, wheat, and rye, June 1; and for rice, August 1. 3Preliminary. Totals may not add due to independent rounding. ERS, Market and Trade Economics Division, (202) 694–5296. Table 1-2.—Wheat: Area, yield, production, and value, United States, 1989–98 Area Marketing year average price Year Yield per Production per bushel Value of Planted1 Harvested harvested acre received by production2 farmers2 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 acres acres Bushels bushels Dollars dollars 1989 .................... 76,615 62,189 32.7 2,036,618 3.72 7,542,464 1990 .................... 77,041 69,103 39.5 2,729,778 2.61 7,166,888 1991 .................... 69,881 57,803 34.3 1,980,139 3.00 5,954,912 1992 .................... 72,219 62,761 39.3 2,466,798 3.24 8,009,711 1993 .................... 72,168 62,712 38.2 2,396,440 3.26 7,647,527 1994 .................... 70,349 61,770 37.6 2,320,981 3.45 7,968,237 1995 .................... 69,031 60,955 35.8 2,182,708 4.55 9,787,213 1996 .................... 75,105 62,819 36.3 2,277,388 4.30 9,782,238 1997 .................... 70,412 62,840 39.5 2,481,466 3.38 8,286,741 1998 .................... 65,871 59,002 43.2 2,550,383 2.70 6,931,996 1Includes area seeded in preceding fall for winter wheat. 2Includes allowance for loans outstanding and purchases by the Government valued at the average loan and purchase rate, by States, where applicable. NASS, Crops Branch, (202) 720–2127. I–1